Fiscal Year FY15 Annual Report - National Optical Astronomy [PDF] - Free Online Publication (2023)

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1Fiscal Year Annual Report of the National Optical Astronomy Observatory for Fiscal Year 2015 (October 1, 2014 September 30, 2015) Submitted to the National Science Foundation pursuant to Cooperative Support Agreement No. AST-0950945 December 11 December 2015 Contents NOAO MISSION PROFILE .................................................. ............................................................... ............1 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................. .......................... ............................ ..............2 2 NOAO ACHIEVEMENTS .............................. ...................................................... ..........4 2.1 Achievements ............ ......................... .......................... ............ ............... 4 2.2 Status of Vision and Goals .................................. ........................ ..................... ... 5 2.2.1 FY2015 High-Level Deliverable Status .................................... ....... 5 2.2.2 FY15 Planned vs. Actual Expenses and Revenues .................................. 7 2.3 Challenges and their impacts ............................................ .................................................. 10 3 SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES AND FINDINGS .. ......................................... ......... ..............12 3.1 Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory .................. ............ .................. 12 3.2 Kitt Peak National Observatory ............ ........... ......................................... ......... ... 16 3.3 Gemini Observatory.................................. ....... ........................................ ..... 18 4 GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS ..20 4.1 NOAO South . ................................................................ .. .................................... 20 4.1 . 1 CTIO ..................................... . ................................................................ .. 20 4.1.2 NOAO South Engineering and Technical Services .................................... 27 4.1.3 NOAO South Facility Operations .................................................. ......... ..... 29 4.1.4 IT infrastructure services of NOAO South ............................ 30 4.2 NOAO North .......................................... .............................................................. ...... 33 4.2.1 KPNO ........................................ ...... ............................................ ....... ... 33 4.2.2 NOAO North Engineering and Technical Services ............................ ...... 37 4.2.3 NOAO North Central Facility Operations .................................... 40 4.2 .4 NOAO North Computer Infrastructure Services ..................................... 41 i

2CONTENT 4.3 NOAO System Science Center .................................................. ............................ 43 4.3.1 System user support ............ .................................................... ............ 43 4.3.2 Scientific data management ............................ ....................................... 45 4.3.3 System community development ....... .................................................... 47 4.3 .4 Allocation Committee Time .................................................. ............ 52 4.4 NOAO System Technology Center ............................ .................................... 54 4.4.1 System instrumentation .................. .................................................. ... .............. 54 5 PROGRAMS THROUGHOUT NOAO .......................... .............................................................. .......... ............56 5.1 Science Office ............................ .............................................................. .......... .......... 56 5.2 Education and public outreach ............................ .......................................................... .. 56 5.3 NOAO Office of Directors .................................................. ................... ................. 65 ANNEXES ...... ................... ................................ ............................................................... ..................68 TO FY15 PROGRAM BUDGET .......................... ........................ .......................... .......69 A.1 Expenditures for fiscal year 2015 .................................. ...................................................... ....... 69 A.2 Income for fiscal year 2015 .......... .................. ........................ ..................... .................. 74 A.3 Funds from fiscal year 2015 carried over to fiscal year 2016 .............. .................................................. 76 B KEY MANAGEMENT OF THE NOAO AND ACTIVITY OF SCIENTIFIC STAFF .....77 B.1 Management of NOAO keys during fiscal year 2015 . ................................................................ .. ........ 77 B.2 Changes in scientific staff during fiscal year 2015 ............................ ....................................... 77 B.3 NOAO Scientific/Administrative Staff Effort Division .. ......... .......... 78 B.4 Achievements and plans of the scientific staff .................... ...................................... 85 C PUBLICATIONS BY THE NOAO SCIENTIFIC STAFF...... ......... ........................................ .108 D PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES ..116 D.1 Telescopes at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory .................................. 116 D.2 Telescopes at Kitt Peak National Observatory .................................... .......... .123 D.3 Gemini Telescopes........................... ................. .................................. ............ 130 D.4 W. M. Keck Observatory: Keck I and II ...................... ............................ 134 D.5 HET and MMT ............. ................. .................................. .............................. 134 D.6 Magellan ............ ................... ................................ .................. ............ 135 D.7 AAT, CHARA and Hale ............................................ .......................... ............ 135 D.8 NOAO Science Archive ....... ........................ .......................... ............................ 135 E ARCHIVED DATA USE STATISTICS ...................... ............................ 138 STATISTICS OF THE PROPOSED TELESCOPE F ..... ............................. ..................... ......139 F.1 Semester 2015A Proposal statistics ........ ............................ ........................ .... 139 ii

3NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 F.2 Semester 2015B Proposal statistics .................................. .. ............................ 140 G OBSERVATION PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS FOR 2015 ............. ... ..........142 G.1 Demographic data ............................ ................................................................ .. .................... 142 G.2 Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory .................. ... ............................. 144 G.3 Kitt Peak National Observatory ......... .................................................... ..... ....... 153 G.4 Gemini Observatory........................... .............................................................. ...... 160 G.5 Community access to the private telescope .................................. ............ 174 H EXPANDING PARTICIPATION ................................ ....................................................176 I GRANTS OBTAINED IN Q4 ................................................ .... ..................................180 J REPORT OF SECURITY OF THE 4T ............................................ ....... ......................................181 Foot detail of cover of a 1 micron image of the Moon, obtained using the Mosaic3 camera on the Mayall 4m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. The region shown is about 9 x 5 arc minutes in size and is located near Mare Nubium and Ptolemaeus crater. The Mosaic3 camera is equipped with extremely red-sensitive, 500-micron-thick charge-coupled devices developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Image Credit: Arjun Dey (NOAO), David Rabinowitz (Yale), David Sprayberry (NOAO), Bob Marshall (NOAO), Behzad Abareshi (NOAO), Christian Soto (NOAO); Mosiac3 Commissioning Team. Cover credit: Pete Marenfeld (NOAO/AURA/NSF). iii

4NOAO MISSION OUTLINE The National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) is the US national center for ground-based optical and infrared (OIR) astronomy. NOAO's mission is to enable discovery in ground-based optical and infrared astronomy. In furtherance of this mission, NOAO facilitates access for all qualified professional researchers to state-of-the-art observing facilities and data systems operated by NOAO, as well as other federal and non-federal entities within the US OIR System. Access enables the US research community to address a wide range of cutting-edge research questions, from how our Solar System formed and evolved to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. 1

5NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is NOAO's Fiscal Year Annual Report for the fiscal year 2015 (FY15). This report meets the requirements established by Cooperative Support Agreement (CSA) AST-0950945 between NSF and AURA. NOAO and the research community it serves strive to play leadership roles in the scientific frontiers defined by the Astro2010 New Worlds decadal survey report, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics (NWNH), including characterizing the nature of dark energy, mapping the 3-D distribution of dark matter at cosmological distances, unearthing the fossil record of galaxy formation in the near and distant Universe, time domain exploration and characterization, and exoplanet characterization and star survey mother of exoplanets Such leadership is exercised through a variety of observational research projects of different sizes, from a few nights to tens of nights of observations per year over several years. Leadership is also gained through access to state-of-the-art general-purpose instrumentation in world-class facilities. Increasingly, the extraction and reuse of NOAO archival data is becoming a critical activity for the NOAO-supported research community. To enable science and technology leadership, NOAO works closely and actively with university groups, other US-led observatories, other US National Science Centers, major international scientific collaborations, and especially the dynamic user community and NOAO world leader. Scientific demand for all NOAO-offered facilities, as measured by oversubscription rates (nights requested divided by nights available) remained strong this year. Scientific productivity as measured by the number of articles published by the community in general and NOAO scientific staff in particular also remained strong, with a significant increase in the number of published articles incorporating data from the US Gemini programs. , as well as DECam users. . NOAO continued to operate and upgrade the four 4m-class facilities at the Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) in Arizona and the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) in the Republic of Chile. Notable instrument upgrades included a new near-infrared spectrometer for the 4-m White CTIO (built by Cornell University with matching funding provided by NSF), as well as significant improvements to the 4.1-m Goodman SOAR optical spectrometer and the WIYN of 3.5 m. ODI Wide Field Imager. The control system of the KPNO Mayall 4m telescope was modernized, significantly improving the dynamic performance of the telescope. The advent of a strong El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event in mid-year significantly reduced the number of clear nights below historical norms at both sites. Facilities infrastructure support was provided to many tenant and partner facilities at both sites on a fee-for-service basis. Behind the scenes, NOAO completed several major infrastructure renovation projects at its base and mountain facilities in Arizona and Chile. Unfortunately, ENSO-related weather events have caused significant damage to CTIO's mountain infrastructure. Ongoing severe weather events, as well as several major earthquakes, hampered the completion of the repair and remedial work. Such work will continue in fiscal year 2016. NOAO continued as the US gateway to the Gemini Observatory, the most important source of community access at the 6m to 10m aperture level. NOAO also provided community access to the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT), primarily for use of the AAOmegain multi-object, wide-field-of-view spectrometer for Australian use of the 4-m White CTIO (including DECam). The Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) on Mt. Wilson also provided community access for optical interferometry. The Dark Energy Survey (DES) completed the second year of a five-year campaign using the DECam 2.2 degree wide imager on the CTIO Blanco telescope. Thanks to the improved thermal control of the Blanco facility, as well as improved dynamic control of the telescope's optics, the image quality obtained during the second season was even better than during the first, meeting or exceeding the survey requirements. Year 3 observations began at the end of FY 2015, but were significantly hampered by ENSO-related bad weather. The DES Collaboration has already published numerous articles, while data 2

6The DES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY has been used by DES and non-DES scientists to discover a large number of new ultra-faint dwarf galaxies within the Local Group. DES also reported the first results leading to one of the largest and most accurate dark matter distribution maps ever made. During this fiscal year, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) received Major Item of Equipment (MIE) new start status from the Department of Energy (DOE) and achieved its Critical Decision 2 (CD-2, a line cost basis and schedule) from the DOE . DESI will be a 3 degree wide, 5000 fiber multi-object spectrometer integrated into the KPNO Mayall 4m telescope, with the primary science mission of obtaining more than 30 million redshifts in 14000 square degrees to limit the effects of darkness. . energy in space and time. Commissioning is scheduled to begin during fiscal year 2018. The DESI project is led by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. In conjunction with DESI and a planned imaging survey for DESI targets in the northern galactic cap, NOAO collaborated on a Yale University-led project to deliver an improved focal plane to the Mosaic camera for Mayall. The focal plane uses some of the thickest CCD detectors ever used in astronomy (500 microns) for high sensitivity in the near-infrared z-band. The NASA NSF Exoplanet Observatory Research (NN-EXPLORE) program was launched on the KPNO WIYN 3.5m telescope with a variety of observing programs using current instrumentation. In fiscal year 2018, a NASA-funded construction team will deliver a new Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrometer (EPDS), and most of NN-EXPLORE's time will be used for Doppler spectroscopy of stars thought to host exoplanets. . NOAO Science Archive holdings (compressed, copy-single) now exceed 200 terabytes (TB) of raw data and 140 TB of reduced data. Given the multiple copies of this data, NOAO is now managing petabyte-scale inventories. A major file system upgrade project was completed this year, bringing all key software systems up to current standards. Users of the NOAO Wide Field Imager community (i.e. DECam, NEWFIRM, Mosaic 1.1) were routinely provided access to stacks of processed images produced using calibration pipelines developed in whole or in part by NOAO. Work continued on the NOAO Data Laboratory and NOAO-AZ Event Response and Temporal Analysis System (ANTARES) projects. The above project aims to implement new user services for accessing, manipulating and displaying rich catalogs containing millions of objects. The latest project aims to characterize millions of time-domain alerts per night to quickly identify rare events. The ANTARES project is a joint effort between NOAO and the Department of Computer Science at the University of Arizona. NOAO scientists continued to provide scientific and operational leadership to the Large Synoptic Surveying Telescope (LSST) project and community in the areas of operations simulations, variable sky characterization, sounding cadence development, and operations planning. NOAO continued a five-year program launched in fiscal year 2013 to engage the American community in the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) project. This effort is supported by an NSF award to TMT. The US TMT Science Working Group convened by NOAO continued various activities related to the development of a US TMT Engagement Plan. The third annual TMT Science Forum was held in Washington , DC. NOAO scientists are serving on the TMT International Observatory (TIO) board of governors, science advisory committee, and Public Education and Outreach advisory committee. AURA/NOAO is an associate member of TIO. NOAO's Public Education and Outreach program carried out a broad and varied plan that addressed many aspects of NSF's goals to broaden the participation of underrepresented individuals, groups, and institutions. Activities in support of those objectives were carried out primarily in Arizona and Chile. NOAO's Office of Directors (NDO), in collaboration with all other senior and middle managers, completed the execution of NOAO's transformation plan in response to the new NSF programmatic and financial directives for fiscal year 2016. In support to the AURA corporate office, the NDO helped to successfully conclude negotiations with NSF to finalize and sign a new Cooperative Agreement (CA) between AURA and NSF for the management of NOAO in FY16FY20. Assuming AURA/NOAO passes a comprehensive performance review in fiscal year 2019, NSF has the option to extend the term of this CA for another five years without re-competing. 3

7NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT 2 NOAO ACHIEVEMENTS 2.1 ACHIEVEMENTS Based on scientific merit as judged by peer review, NOAO provided access to 12 NOAO and non-NOAO telescopes for 1,246 scientists involved in 317 new research projects and ongoing. The actual number of scientists involved in NOAO-enabled observing programs is likely to be significantly higher, as several large collaborations do not list their entire team on NOAO's proposal form (for example, the Dark Energy Science Collaboration). Overall, the number of nights requested exceeded the number of nights available by a factor of 1.7. The majority of the scientists assigned time (797, not including NOAO scientists) came from 163 US institutions spread across 43 of the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico). The top five institutions by number of researchers were the University of Arizona, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the University of Texas Austin, the University of Chicago, and the University of California Berkeley. About 7% of the allotted time was spent on programs whose principal investigators were at foreign institutions. In all respects, these figures are comparable to or higher than those of previous years. Based on observations obtained in previous years, the NOAO user community (including NOAO scientists) published 521 articles in peer-reviewed journals. Crabtree (2015, private communications) illustrates that NOAO's Mayall and Blanco telescopes were two of the most productive astronomical telescopes in the world from 2009 to 2013. On an ongoing and annual basis, NOAO supports the largest research community and Widest of any US ground-based astronomical observatory. NOAO delivered a range of new research capabilities, products and services. Highlights include the following: CTIO White 4-m, TripleSpec4 / The Astronomy Research using Cornell's Infrared Imaging Spectrograph) (TS4-ARCoIRIS) enables broadband spectroscopy (0.8 2.47 m) at R ~3500. This instrument was built by Cornell University as part of the NSF-funded Renewing Small Telescopes for Astronomical Research (ReSTAR) program. KPNO WIYN 3.5m, ODI upgrade from 3 3 array OTA arrays to a 5 x 6 array for a final field of view of 48 40 arc minutes with 0.11 arc seconds per pixel . A u-band filter has been ordered, and is expected to be delivered early in FY 2016. KPNO Mayall 4-m Mosaic 3 in close collaboration with Yale University, a new prime-focus optical imager has been delivered. In particular, Yale provided a 4k 4k LBNL deep depletion CCD 2 x 2 mosaic, 15 micron pixels and 500 microns thick. Data products from the Dark Energy Study (DES) Year One processed, images from a single visit were published via the NOAO Science Archive. Year One DECam Legacy Survey (DECaLS) data products, processed image stacks, as well as object catalogs derived from those stacks, were published via a website hosted by the National Energy Research Center for Scientific Computing (NERSC) at LBNL. NOAO Science Archive updates several user interface and documentation improvements. 4

8NOAO ACCOMPLISHMENTS NOAO scientists and engineers made significant contributions to the development of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) project, specifically in the areas of planning for the Mayall 4m installation and DESI installation and commissioning. Within the DESI Science Collaboration, NOAO scientists played key roles at DESI in planning and executing targeted surveys, as well as defining bright-time survey projects. The DESI aggregate project, led by LBNL, has been awarded Major Equipment Item (MIE) fresh start status and passed the Critical Decision 2 milestone during this fiscal year. After a comprehensive review of the conceptual design, an external review committee, not an advocate, strongly supported the NOAO data lab project entering the implementation phase. This project is on track for a public demonstration at the June 2016 AAS meeting. NOAO hosted or co-hosted several community workshops, including the Mini-Workshop of Near-IR Data Reduction (January 2015) Tools for Astronomical Big Data (March 2015) DECam Community Science Workshop (March 2015) TMT Science Forum (3rd Annual) (July 2015) The Serena School for Data Science (August 2015) NOAO completed its two-year transformation plan in preparation for reducing funding and a restructured program beginning in fiscal year 2016. AURA was awarded a five-year Cooperative Agreement, with the possibility of a five-year renewal, for the operation and management of NOAO. 2.2 STATE OF VISION AND GOALS NOAO's FY15 Annual Program Plan (APP15) defined NOAO's high-level deliverables for FY15 in its executive summary. Those high-level deliverables are restated below in section 2.2.1 with notes on their status at the end of fiscal year 2015. In section 2.2.2, planned fiscal year 2015 expenses and revenues are compared to expenses and actual income for that period. Significant differences between planned and actual are discussed. Status notes are provided in Sections 4 and 5 of this report for all lower level program milestones established in APP15. 2.2.1 Status of FY 2015 High-Level Deliverables Beginning with NSF's FY 2015 base funding, NOAO plans to deliver and/or enable: Completion of transformation to NOAO-2016 program. Status: COMPLETED. In mid-2013, the NSF issued new programmatic and financial guidance for AURA and NOAO. In parallel, the NSF issued a request for proposals to manage and operate NOAO in FY16FY25. Based on those documents, NOAO developed and submitted a transformation plan in October 2013 that was reviewed and approved by the NSF. All actions and deliverables defined in that plan have been completed, as reviewed and verified by the NSF Program Review Panel (PRP) in mid-fiscal year 2015. Operation and maintenance of NOAO facilities in Tucson and in Kitt Peak (Mayall 4m and WIYN 3.5m telescopes). Status: Completed as per plan, see Section 4.2 (NOAO North) for details. Operation and maintenance of the NOAO facilities in La Serena (including the AURA site) and in Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn (4 m Blanco and 4.1 m SOAR telescopes). 5

9NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Status: Completed as planned, except for a number of CTIO Blanco improvement projects where resources needed to be reallocated mid-year to resolve more immediate operational issues; see Section 4.2 (NOAO North) for more details. Community use and DES of DECam on the Blanco 4m telescope. Status: With the exception of worse than normal weather due to a strong El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event, the use of DECam went smoothly. DES completed its Year 2 observations and started its Year 3 campaign. DECam continued to be popular with users in the community. Both DES and non-DES research teams are producing a steady stream of publications in peer-reviewed journals. Completion of commissioning of a new medium resolution near-infrared spectrograph (TripleSpec4) for the Blanco 4m telescope, purchased through a subaward to Cornell University (ReSTAR Phase 1). Status: Completed according to plan, this new instrument is now operational and available to the community. See Sections 4.1.1 (CTIO) and 4.1.2 (NOAO South Engineering and Technical Services) for more details. Planning/technical and management support for the deployment of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) on the Mayall 4m telescope. Status: All planned activities have been successfully completed; see Section 4.2.2 (NOAO North Engineering and Technical Services). Scientific user support services for the US Gemini Observatory user community. Status: Per agreement with the Gemini Observatory, NOAO stopped providing support for the Phase 2 review and focused more on post-observation support and user documentation. This new emphasis benefits the entire Gemini community and will hopefully shorten the time between data acquisition and release. See Section 4.3.1 (System User Support) for more details. Science data management services that focus on NOAO's immediate needs, including science operations of the DECam (Blanco 4-m), Mosaic 1.1 (Mayall 4-m), and NEWFIRM (Mayall 4-m) wide-field imagers. m). Status: Data management operations proceeded smoothly during this fiscal year. Several modernization projects within the NOAO Science Archive and its related data transport systems have been completed. The NOAO Data Lab project entered its implementation phase and the ANTARES project continued to progress apace. For more details, see Sections 4.3.2 (Scientific Data Management) and 4.3.3 (System Community Development). Education and public outreach that focuses on critical local activities and needs while maintaining a national (global) perspective through innovative and targeted programs. Status: The NOAO EPO group maintained a highly effective and productive education program in Arizona and Chile, in addition to participating in activities nationally and internationally, as discussed in Section 5.2 (Education and Public Outreach). Administrative and facilities operations services required for an organization with more than 250 employees at two geographically distributed sites. Status: There were several administrative challenges this year, but all were overcome. Facility operations in Tucson did not face significant challenges, but the start of a strong ENSO event created significant challenges in Chile. Solving those challenges will require 6

10NOAO ACHIEVEMENTS Proper focus and resource allocation during fiscal year 2016. See Section 2.3 (Challenges and their impacts) for more information. Beginning with NSF supplemental funding for fiscal year 2015 (or earlier), NOAO plans to offer and/or enable: Annual Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) programs in Tucson and La Serena. Status: The KPNO and CTIO REU programs each housed six (6) students during fiscal year 2015, as presented below in Section 5.2 (Education and Public Outreach). Completion of construction of TripleSpec4 for the Blanco 4m telescope through a subaward to Cornell University (ReSTAR Phase 1). Status: Construction completed as planned, see Section 4.4.1 (System Instrumentation) for more details. On a cost-recovery basis, NOAO also plans to provide and/or enable: Facility operations and technical support services for tenant and/or partner observatories at Kitt Peak, Cerro Tololo, Cerro Pachn, and Cerro Las Campanas. Status: In Arizona, successfully accomplished without significant incident (Sections 4.2.1 [KPNO] and 4.2.3 [NOAO North Central Facility Operations]). In Chile, significantly worse than normal weather related to a strong ENSO event created several challenges, the most significant being critical damage to the high-voltage distribution system at Cerro Tololo (see Section 4.1.3). Fortunately, the direct impact on the observations of our tenants and partners was minimal, although they too suffered from less clear than normal weather. 2.2.2 FY15 Planned vs. Actual Expenses and Revenues In this section, FY15 Planned vs. Actual revenues and expenses are discussed. Additional details on the expenditures, revenues, and funds carried over to Fiscal Year 2015 are provided in Appendix A. Table 1 shows the planned budget, actual funding, and actual expenditures for the NOAO program for Fiscal Year 2015. They are provided. details in the second level of the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) of NOAO's Annual Program Plan for Fiscal Year 2015 (APP15). Column 2 (PPP15 Budget) of the table coincides with the Budget, Total column of Table 19 of PPP15. This planned budget was covered by the sum of NSF's planned base funding and planned non-base revenue. Column 3 (Total Funds) is the actual funding accumulated for each program at the close of the fiscal year. If actual funding is greater than planned spending, NOAO accrued more non-core funding than planned and/or core funding moved into that category during the year. Conversely, if actual funding is less than planned spending, NOAO accrued less non-core funding and/or core funding was removed from that category during the year. Column 4 (Actual Expenses) lists the actual expenses for fiscal year 2015 plus commitments for each item. The percentage differences in the APP15 budget vs. FY 2015 actual expenditures and the final budget vs. FY 2015 actual expenditures are shown in columns 5 and 6, respectively. Negative percentages indicate more spending than financing. Significant differences (negative or positive) are explained in the notes below. Note 1. NOAO South. NOAO South underspent compared to its plan, largely due to a more favorable exchange rate than anticipated. As a result, the integrated US dollar spend rate for the full year was 20% less than the original plan. Some expenses in Chile (mainly salaries of expatriate employees) are paid directly in dollars, so the net savings per peso exchange is less than 20%. In summary, the effort for CTIO was 61% budgeted in pesos; this explains the low expense for this area of ​​work. Engineering and Technical Services (NS-ETS) was budgeted at 64% in pesos, which explains most of the underspending here. In addition, the $150,000 budgeted for the upgrade to the Blanco mirror lift was not spent because the team was still weighing options based on a solution for the upgrade at Kitt Peak and one from AAT. Ultimately, some of the budgeted labor at NS-ETS was spent above plan for NSTC (Triplespec4) and 7

11NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT for NOAO's southern facilities. The expenses of the facilities were almost equal to the plan, which means a real overspending in pesos. That overspending (approximately $400500K) was due to several factors. The facilities group was led by the NOAO South deputy director, who had to spend much more time in this area than originally budgeted (about $80,000). Recovered income from meals and lodging was less than anticipated, while food expenses were higher than anticipated. Inadvertently, the freight charges had not been budgeted for (but were paid, in the amount of $30,000; this has been corrected for fiscal year 2016). There were significant storms this year, requiring more effort to keep mountain roads open, maintained, and repaired. There was a major storm in March that damaged the electrical generation and distribution system on the Cerro Tololo mountain. The damage was extensive and has not yet been repaired due to the complexity and age of the equipment. As a result, since March 2015, all power at Cerro Tololo has been provided by a diesel generator (including a rented backup generator to allow for seamless transfer during generator maintenance). Generator rental and labor for this effort was charged to this area and not budgeted for. NOAO's manpower was redeployed from other areas, primarily from NS-ETS (a senior engineer was an additional $40,000). NOAO's Southern Computer Information Services (NS-CIS) was overspent. The total budget in pesos of the CISS is only 35%. Payroll, which is paid significantly in USD, was overspent as more resources were devoted to maintaining and upgrading the network than originally planned (about $100,000); this resource was available since AURA-CAS and AURA-O requested fewer resources than budgeted for them. CISS executed a project to improve the microwave link from Tololo to La Serena when it became clear that the weight shift would allow NOAO to take advantage of this opportunity. The project cost $80K. This expense will be recovered in future years as rates for tenants (including CTIO) using the data link are adjusted. Note 2. NOAO North. NOAO North overspent compared to the FY15 plan. This was due to a number of factors, primarily in the areas of telescope operations, mountain operations, and the visitor center. Most importantly, the WIYN operations budget (part of the telescope operations) was not approved by the WIYN board until well after the NOAO program plan was completed and in the fiscal year. The Board-approved budget provided fewer resources from Wisconsin and no resources from Yale, which came out of the partnership. This period was further complicated for the association because NOAO was going to exit after the divestment by NSF. However, a new partnership with NASA was formed through the NN-EXPLORE program, and NOAO remained in the partnership. In summary, partners contributed $1,455K in FY14, while in FY15 the total partner contribution was $1,173K. Therefore, the change in partner contributions settled at a net value of nearly $400,000 less between FY15 and FY14. Faced with this reduction, NOAO chose to support WIYN operations at historic levels while developing a new FY 2016 operations plan in coordination with partners, including NSF guidance related to the new NN-EXPLORE program. Support for Kitt Peak Mountain was also overspent compared to plan by approximately $250K. Most of this is represented by a planned revenue shortfall (about $75K) and levies for FY 2016 for food supplies (this is a feature of AURA accounting and procurement that sometimes levies funds on an order of ongoing purchasing that is allocated to a prior year) , not on FY 2015 planned activity-based spending. NOAO North's engineering and technical services group put more effort into Mayall's preparation for the DESI project than what had been planned, including the recruitment of staff from other functional areas, i.e. elsewhere within NOAO, including significant additions of scientific time to KPNO. The Kitt Peak Visitor Center reported lower revenue compared to plan, primarily due to lower evening program sales and gift sales, and ended the year in a 10% overspend situation. NOAO North Computer Infrastructure Services (NN-CIS) executed somewhat more than planned with strategic hardware purchases, but also received more revenue than planned from tenants (NSO, DKIST, LSST). Note 3. NSSC. NSSC performed well in FY15 with respect to effort expended versus plan. TAC spent slightly less than planned, and NOAO scientist time budgeted here was rescheduled to KPNO to support DESI-related activity. Note 4. NSTC. NOAO's Technology and Systems Center was phased out in FY 2015. The planned primary activity was focused on completing the TripleSpec4 build and commissioning project for the Target 4m. The project finished under budget and on schedule, resulting in considerable savings. 8

12NOAO ACHIEVEMENTS Note 5. Science Office. This area is underused in individual scientist research accounts, mainly because scientists work more on functional tasks than on personal research. Note 6. Unassigned. The unallocated funding budget, by definition, is not allocated for expenses. The amount of funds listed in APP15 was approximately $1.5 million. This amount came from NSF-AST guidance to be used for possible closing costs in the event that AURA did not win the new CA to operate NOAO. The $1.5 million was released from the fiscal year 2014 wedge that covered the LSST design and development effort. LSST transitioned into construction financing at the end of FY 2014. Carryover funds from prior years through FY 2014, approximately $3.5 million, are not shown in APP15, but are included here. The amount of the transfer plus the unallocated LSST wedge totals approximately $5 million. This amount plus other FY 2015 carryovers (primarily due to the FY 2015 peso change) have been allocated to an NSF-approved infrastructure renewal plan. This plan is for three years (fiscal year 1618) and is documented elsewhere. Note 7. Total. NOAO ended fiscal 2015 with a net transfer of $6.5 million. These funds will be applied to infrastructure renovation as described in note 6. Table 1: Fiscal Year 2015 Planned and Actual Expenditures and Revenues Percentage Percentage Final APP15 Total Actual APP15 - Budget - Division or Program Budget Funds Actual Expenditures Real Note NOAO Sur CTIO 6,354,863 6,355,463 5,306,104 17% 17% Engineering and Technical Services 1,585,730 1,664,815 1,145,716 28% 31% Facilities 3,678,374 3,526,588 3,515,000 4% 0% IT Infrastructure Services 1,197,806 1,153,898 1,244,921 -4% -8% NOAO Sur Total 12,816,773 12,700,764 11,211,740 13% 12% 1 NOREO KPNO 5,598,351 4,766,287 5,642,709 -1% -18% Engineering and Technical Services 2,390,055 2,499,477 2,702,953 -13% -8% Central Installations Operations 1,581,620 1,795,044 1,516,152 4% 16% IT Infrastructure Services 664,000 7 68,633 733,406 -10% 5% NOAO North Total 10,234,026 9,829,441 10,595,221 -4% -8% 2 NOAO System Science Center System user support 933,000 936,664 867,465 Scientific data management 2,059,137 2,061,294 2,128,073 -3% -3% System community development 859,969 882,934 856,581 0% 3% Time allocation committee 423.27 2 423,795 351,812 17% 17% Total NSSC 4,275.3 78 4,304,686 4,203,930 2% 2% 3 NOAO Main System Instrumentation (NSTC) 424 329 702 805 317 433 25% 55% 4 Science Office 1 375 041 1 420 739 1 266 132 8% 11% 5 EPO 1 052 ,181 1,114,658 1.02 4,614 3% 8% OND 1,075,632 1,110,765 1,087,277 -1% 2% Unallocated 1,604,300 5,098,666 233,004 6 9

13NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 Percentage Percentage Final APP15 Total Actual APP15 - Budget - Division or Program Budget Funds Actual Expenditures Note AURA Fees 2,243,727 2,243,727 2,108,628 6% 6% Total 33,497,087 38,526,251 32,04 7,979 9% 17% 7 2.3 CHALLENGES AND ITS IMPACTS Overall, the observational research facilities that NOAO operates or provides access to continue to be highly desired and scientifically productive. This will continue to be true (or even improve in some cases) as NOAO shifts from a primary focus on PI class programs to a mix of such programs and larger survey programs. However, the reduction in the number of open access nights for PI class research on 2m and 4m class telescopes, especially at KPNO, is causing considerable distress within the broader community, exacerbated by increased competition. . for NSF Individual Investigator Awards in recent years. There is no simple path to more nights at this time. However, NOAO is taking steps to ensure that valuable, science-ready data products from larger programs are readily accessible to the broader community in partial compensation for the loss of direct access to telescope time. The simultaneous requirements during fiscal year 2015 to complete execution of the NOAO-2016 transformation and initiate the new Cooperative Agreement between NSF and AURA created significant administrative and management stress. This challenge was felt most strongly in Arizona, where it was necessary to close several activities, eliminate more than 20 positions, completely restructure the KPNO program into new subprograms with independent funding sources, and transition data science and information management activities. NOAA data. to a new emphasis. In parallel, both the programmatic and financial arms of the NSF requested more plans, proposals, and reports than in previous years. Some of these documents took significant time to develop. Finally, while NOAO was very fortunate to develop new projects, funding sources, and partners during fiscal year 2015, these developments brought new interfaces, which require more time from senior managers. Most of the administrative activities and deliverables were completed on time, relative to previous years; however, NOAO's senior management team (director, assistant director and associate directors) experienced longer periods of overload than in previous fiscal years, resulting in several delivery delays. The additional administrative activity also reduced the time and attention available from the senior management team for day-to-day operations and program development, leading to some operational issues taking longer than desirable to resolve. Looking ahead, the new Cooperative Agreement with several new Cooperative Service Agreements require further planning and reporting in relation to fiscal year 2015 and earlier. In partial response, NOAO plans to create a new Program Manager position, adding administrative costs but also creating more time for the other senior managers to focus on day-to-day operations and strategic development for the benefit of the research user community it supports. NOAO. In addition, AURA's corporate operations must also expand to address increased federal compliance regulations and expectations. The cost of that activity will be recovered in part through indirect charges to the NOAO Cooperative Agreement, leaving less funding for other activities. In summary, NOAO is facing both reduced funding in an absolute sense and increased direct and indirect administrative costs in a relative sense. Hopefully a new stable state will be reached soon. At the program level, NOAO stayed within its overall budget and completed most planned activities and deliverables, although not always on schedule (see above). However, it has become clear in recent years that where work is planned it is not always tracked and charged in terms of the NOAO work breakdown structure. Overloading the senior management team during fiscal 2015 (see above) prevented 10

14NOAO ACHIEVES enough analysis to implement a real improvement. The addition of a new Program Manager should enable progress on this issue during fiscal year 2016. Across the observatory, the most significant operational challenges came in Chile this year. Although scientific and technical operations proceeded without major problems, the start of LSST construction activity and a strong ENSO event created significant tension in the NOAO South facilities operations group, exacerbated by the sudden departure of the leader of the group to work with the LSST. As a result of these stressors, it became apparent that the current team was neither large enough nor skilled enough to deal with sudden challenges (such as the electrical storm that caused significant damage to the high-voltage distribution system in Cerro Tololo) or deliver all promised services in a consistent and timely manner. During the second half of fiscal year 2015, NOAO took significant steps to improve this situation, both at the management and worker levels. However, this is an ongoing challenge that will require continued attention during fiscal year 2016 to achieve the level of service delivery that NOAO expects of itself, as well as what our customers expect. eleven

15NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT 3 SCIENTIFIC FINDINGS AND ACTIVITIES 3.1 CERRO TOLOLO INTER-AMERICAN OBSERVATORY Probing for dark energy finds more celestial neighbors (excerpt from Fermilab press release 15-17, see also Drlica-Wagner et al. 2015, arXiv:1508.03622) Dark Energy Survey (DES) scientists, using one of the world's most powerful digital cameras, have discovered eight fainter celestial objects hovering close to our Milky Way galaxy. The signals indicate that, like the objects found by the same team earlier this year, they are likely dwarf satellite galaxies, the smallest and closest known galaxy form. Satellite galaxies are small celestial objects that orbit larger galaxies, such as our own Milky Way. Dwarf galaxies can be found with fewer than 1,000 stars, in contrast to the Milky Way, a medium-sized galaxy containing billions of stars. Scientists have predicted that the largest galaxies form from smaller galaxies, which are thought to be especially rich in dark matter, the substance that makes up about 25 percent of the universe's total matter and energy. Dwarf satellite galaxies are therefore Figure 1: The Dark Energy Survey has now mapped one-eighth of the matter considered key to understanding full-sky darkness (red shaded region) using the Dark Energy Camera and the process by which which (DECam) at the 4 m Blanco telescope on Cerro Tololo Forms intergalaxies. American Observatory in Chile (foreground). This map has led to The main goal of Dark Energy the discovery of 17 dwarf galaxy candidates in the last six Surveys, as the name suggests, is months better (red dots), including 8 new candidates just announced. To understand the nature of dark energy, several of the candidates are very close to the 2 biggest mystery things that make up about 70 dwarf galaxies orbiting the Milky Way, the large and small percentage of matter and energy in the Clouds of Magellan, both of which are visible to the naked eye. universe. Scientists believe that the new dark star systems are so faint by comparison that the energy is the key to understanding why it is difficult to see even in deep DES images and it may be easier to visualize the expansion of the universe using star maps. density (inset). Of acceleration. To carry out its dark dwarf galaxy candidates found in the DES data, 14 are visible on this power mission, DES takes snapshots of a particular image. (Illustration credit: Dark Energy Survey hundreds of millions of distant galaxies. Collaboration.) However, some of the DES images also contain stars in dwarf galaxies much closer to the Milky Way. Therefore, the same data can be used to investigate both dark energy, which scientists believe is pulling galaxies apart, and dark matter, which is thought to hold galaxies together. Scientists can only see the faintest dwarf galaxies when they are close and have previously found only a few of them. If these new discoveries are representative of the entire sky, there could be many more galaxies lurking in our cosmic neighborhood. 12

sixteenSCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES AND FINDINGS More than 20 of these dwarf satellite galaxy candidates have been detected this year alone, with 17 of those found in the Dark Energy Survey data, said Alex Drlica-Wagner of the US Department of Energy. (DOE) Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, one of the leaders of DES analysis. We have almost doubled the number of these objects that we know of in just one year, which is remarkable. In March, DES researchers and an independent team from the University of Cambridge jointly announced the discovery of nine such objects in snapshots taken by the Dark Energy Camera, the extraordinary instrument at the heart of DES, a DOE-funded experiment. , the National Science Foundation and other funding agencies. Two of them have been confirmed as dwarf satellite galaxies so far. Before 2015, scientists had located only about two dozen such galaxies around the Milky Way. DES is finding galaxies so faint that they would have been very difficult to recognize in previous studies, said Keith Bechtol of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The discovery of so many new galaxy candidates in one eighth of the sky could mean there is more to be found around the Milky Way. The closest of these newly discovered objects is about 80,000 light-years away and the farthest about 700,000 light-years away. These objects are, on average, about a billion times dimmer than the Milky Way and a million times less massive. The faintest of the new dwarf galaxy candidates has about 500 stars. Most of the newly discovered objects lie in the southern half of the DES study area, in close proximity to the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Small Magellanic Cloud. These are the two largest satellite galaxies associated with the Milky Way, about 158,000 light-years and 208,000 light-years away, respectively. It is possible that many of these new objects could be satellite galaxies of these larger satellite galaxies, which would be a discovery in itself. That result would be exciting, said Risa Wechsler of the DOE's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Our dark matter models predict satellites of satellites. Either we are seeing these kinds of systems for the first time, or there is something we don't understand about how these satellite galaxies are distributed across the sky. Since dwarf galaxies are thought to be composed mostly of dark matter, with very few stars, they are excellent targets for exploring the properties of dark matter. Further analysis will confirm whether these new objects are indeed dwarf satellite galaxies and whether signs of dark matter can be detected in them. The 17 dwarf satellite galaxy candidates were discovered in the first two years of data collected by the Dark Energy Survey, a five-year effort to image a portion of the southern sky in unprecedented detail. Scientists have now taken a first look at most of the survey area, but data from the next three years of the survey will likely allow them to find objects that are even fainter, more diffuse, or further away. The third season of surveys has just begun. Measuring Near-Earth Asteroid Orbits and Sizes NEOWISE with DECam (excerpt from Sarah Sonnett's article in NOAO's September 2015 newsletter) Near-Earth objects (NEOs) are asteroids or comets that pass within 1, 3 AU from the Sun. Because of their proximity to Earth, telescopes can image very small NEOs and probe a size regime that is inaccessible in other asteroid populations. However, this very closeness makes NEOs a potential threat. Determining the orbit and size of NEOs is essential to assess the probability that a NEO will impact Earth or explode near the Earth's surface, as occurred on February 14, 2013 in Chelyabinsk, Russia. Determining the size and orbital distribution of NEOs is key to understanding their history, providing further clues about their rate of supply from other small-body reservoirs (for example, the main asteroid belt) and how they will dynamically evolve. Surface properties also offer important information about the behavior of NEOs and provide valuable constraints on the dynamic and physical evolution of small bodies. Some NEOs are good candidates for manned or robotic space missions. Accurate determination of the physical/surface properties of NEOs is essential to assess the feasibility and engineering needs for an encounter, but only a few NEOs are sufficiently studied in this regard. 13

17NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT The first step toward these goals is to discover NEO and determine its basic properties. This is the mission of NEOWISE, the asteroid-hunting component of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), which began its approximately three-year mission to discover and characterize NEOs in December 2013 (Mainzer et al. al. 2014, ApJ , 792, 30). NEOWISE currently detects approximately one new NEO per week, but has no internal tracking capability. Without timely tracking, the astrometric uncertainties associated with the original images will grow in a few weeks to tens or hundreds of Figure 2: V-band magnitude and declination of all degrees, and discoveries will be lost, their orbits NEOWISE discoveries since July 2014 for unknown objects. Follow-up optical observations, when recovered by DECam (red squares) and paired with infrared magnitudes from NEOWISE and objects that were recovered in thermal modeling from other telescopes, are also needed to measure (black dots). Since the discoveries are made in the albedos (or surface reflectivity) of the NEOs. In the infrared, the V-band magnitudes are based on estimates, therefore we initiate a small chance target on the average surface properties of NEOs. The plot tracking program on the Blanco 4-m telescope shows that DECam can reach magnitudes V of the DECam instrument. Because many of our ~23.5s, emphasizing their ability to recover very faint discoveries, are best seen on southern objects. Hemisphere, are very faint (V ~ 22.5) and often have large position uncertainties (12 in the sky), DECam, with its large field of view (2 in diameter), has played a key role in characterizing our Neo discoveries. Since February 2014, DECam has recovered six of our NEO discoveries on the verge of being lost. Time-critical observations of asteroids such as the 2014 Apollo-class asteroid BE63 have shown that while the object will cross Earth's orbit, its closest approach to Earth will be a safe distance of 0.13 AU. DECam observations have also identified NEOs with unusual orbital properties. One of these, 2014 PP69, has an eccentricity of about 0.9 and an orbital inclination of about 93. With an average heliocentric distance beyond the main asteroid belt, it is one of 18 known members of the Amor IV dynamical group and one of only 3 NEOs with an orbital inclination greater than 90. NEOWISE has also discovered the first (and so far only) terrestrial Trojan, a NEO hovering around Earth's L4 Lagrange point. Trojans are geometrically difficult to detect, but have important implications for the dynamical evolution of the inner solar system because precise dynamical conditions are needed to disperse an asteroid in that orbit (Connors et al. 2011, Natur, 475, 481). Other NEOWISE discoveries include large, dark, and potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) that are difficult for current ground-based surveys to detect. The wide range of albedos of NEOs is mainly due to different surface compositions and irradiation effects. More such discoveries are expected from DECam observations. 14

18SCIENTIFIC FINDINGS AND ACTIVITIES Hidden in Plain Sight: College Students Discover the Densest Galaxies Known (excerpt from NOAO press release 15-04, see also M.A. Sandoval, R.P. Vo, A.J. Romanowsky, et al. 2015, ApJL, 808, L32 ) Two college students at San Jose State University have discovered two galaxies that are the densest known. Similar to ordinary globular star clusters but 100 to 1,000 times brighter, the new systems have properties intermediate in size and luminosity between galaxies and star clusters. The first system discovered by the researchers, M59-UCD3, has a width two hundred times less than our Milky Way and a stellar density 10,000 times greater than that of the Sun's surroundings. For an observer at the core of M59-UCD3, the night sky it would be a dazzling display, lit by a million stars. The stellar density of the second system, M85-HCC1, is even higher: about a million times that of the Solar neighborhood. Both systems belong to the new class of galaxies known as ultracompact dwarfs (UCDs). The study, led by college students Michael Sandoval and Richard Vo, used image data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Subaru Telescope, and the Hubble Space Telescope, as well as spectroscopy from the Goodman Spectrograph at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope. ), located on the site of the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The SOAR spectrum was used to show that M59-UCD3 is associated with a larger host galaxy, M59, and to measure the age and elemental abundance of the stars in the galaxy (see Figure 3). Ultra-compact star systems like these are easy to find once you know what to look for. Yet they were overlooked for decades because no one imagined such objects existed: they were hidden in plain sight, Richard Vo said. When we discovered one UCD by chance, we realized there must be others, and we set out to find them. The students were motivated by the idea that all it takes to start a discovery is Figure 3: Light spectrum reconstructed from a good idea, archival data, and dedication. ultra-compact galaxies M59-UCD3, seen by SOAR The last item was critical, because the telescope (top) and M85-HCC1, seen by students at Sloan Digital, worked on the project in their own Sky Survey (bottom). The dark bands are the fingerprints of time. Aaron Romanowsky, professor of atoms and molecules in the atmospheres of stars in the Galaxy study mentor and co-author. These bands reveal the compositions and ages of the explained ones, the combination of these stars as well as the speeds of the galaxies. elements and using national facilities for tracking spectroscopy is a great way to engage college students in front-line astronomical research, especially for teaching universities like San Jos State that lack large research budgets and their own facilities. astronomical The nature and origins of UCDs are mysterious: are they the remnant nuclei of tidally stripped dwarf galaxies, merged super stellar clusters, or genuine compact dwarf galaxies formed at the tiniest peaks of primordial dark matter fluctuations? Michael Sandoval favors the stripped tide hypothesis. One of the best clues is that some UCDs harbor overweight supermassive black holes. This suggests that the UCDs were originally much larger galaxies with normal supermassive black holes, whose fluffy outer parts were stripped away, leaving behind their dense centers. This is plausible because the known UCDs are close to massive galaxies that could have made the breakoff. An additional line of evidence is the high abundance of heavy elements such as iron in UCDs. Because large galaxies are more efficient factories for making these metals, a high metal content may indicate that the galaxy used to be much larger. fifteen

19NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT To test this hypothesis, the team will investigate the motions of stars at the center of M59-UCD3 to search for a supermassive black hole. They are also on the hunt for more UCDs, to understand how often they occur and how diverse they are. 3.2 KITT PEAK NATIONAL OBSERVATORY Dark Energy Spectrometer for Kitt Peak receives green light for funding US Department of Energy, its scientific scope, timeline, and funding profile. DESI, for the Mayall 4m telescope, will trace the role of dark energy in the history of the expansion of the universe. To carry out its mission, DESI will measure the redshifts of more than 30 million galaxies and quasars and create a three-dimensional map of the universe that extends from the nearby Universe to a distance of 10 billion light-years. Probing a larger volume of the universe than any map made so far, the map will reveal how dark energy and gravity have competed over time to shape the fabric of the universe. DESI's scientific reach extends beyond cosmology. It will be a powerful discovery engine in many areas of astrophysics, and unexpected discoveries are expected. DESIs Figure 4: The unique mapping capability of the dark energy spectroscopic instrument is made possible by its (DESI) being mounted on the 4m Mayall telescope in massive parallel to its optics at Kitt Peak National Observatory. It will measure the redshifts of 30 million galaxies and quasars in a spectrometer. Capable of measuring 5000 spectra to study how dark energy and gravity shape time in a huge 8 square degree field of view, fabric of the universe. (Image credit: P. Marenfeld or approximately 40 times the area of ​​the full moon, and NOAO/AURA/NSF.) DESI on the Mayall will be a world-leading spectroscopic capability. DESI is the latest chapter in NOAO's story in the study of dark energy. In the late 1980s, NOAO and its facilities were caught up in the unexpected discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. The acceleration has been attributed to dark energy, the nature of which remains a mystery. It is currently estimated that dark energy makes up about 70% of the universe. NOAO and its facilities are currently involved in two other projects in partnership with DOE that are designed to study the nature of dark energy: the Dark Energy Study (DES), currently underway at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, and the Large Synoptic Study. (LSST), also located in Chile, which is scheduled to begin scientific operations early in the next decade. sixteen

20SCIENTIFIC FINDINGS AND ACTIVITIES NASA Requests Proposals for World-Class Precision Doppler Spectrometer at Kitt Peak Kitt Peak National Observatory is the future home of a state-of-the-art instrument that will be used to detect and characterize other worlds. The new instrument, an extremely precise radial velocity spectrometer, will measure the subtle motion of stars produced by their orbiting planets. The NASA-funded spectrometer will be installed on the WIYN 3.5m telescope. The spectrometer is the cornerstone of a recently established partnership between NSF and NASA focused on exoplanet research (NASA-NSF Exoplanet Observational Research; NN-EXPLORE), which aims to advance the science of exoplanets through the use of the NOAO part of the WIYN telescope. As an initial step in the partnership, NASA announced in January 2015 a request for proposals to build an Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrometer (EPDS) for use by the astronomical community. The spectrometer will measure stellar radial velocities with sufficient precision to characterize gas giant planets the size of Jupiter and Neptune, as well as rocky planets the size of super-Earth and Earth. The new spectrometer will be a world-class precision radial velocity instrument, with a minimum velocity accuracy of better than 0.5 m/s (1 mph) and an exoplanet target of 0.1 m/s (0.2 mph). . Such extreme precision is needed to measure the mass of an orbiting planet through the slight motion that the Host Star Low Mass Planets Cause Slow Stellar Wobble induces in the star. When a planet revolves around a star, Jupiter 29 mph causes the star to move or wobble, as both Earth objects revolve around their gravitational center of mass. Lower-mass planets induce more subtle motions in the star, and consequently higher-speed Gila precision is needed to characterize them. Jupiter 1 mph EPDS Minimum Accuracy Monster Desert causes an oscillation of 13 m/s (29 mph) amplitude on Tortuga 0.2 mph the Sun, while Earth induces a much smaller oscillation (approximately 0.1 m/s) . As a result, extreme precision is needed to characterize rocky, Earth-sized planets. Figure 5: Very high-speed precision is needed to measure the mass of low-mass planets through the subtle critical role in characterizing high-priority motion, the "wobble" a planet induces on its identified host exoplanet targets by stream and star. NASA's future Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrometer, in particular Kepler, (EPDS) to Kitt Peak will measure the stellar K2, and the future movements of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey with a precision of 0.10.5 m/ s (or 0.21 mph), Satellite (TES). Achieving science speeds comparable to potential desert running speeds for these missions requires the support of a tortoise or Gila monster. With such high precision, ground observations. The high-resolution spectrometer will be able to detect and characterize images, and spectroscopy will be used to rule out gas giant planets the size of Jupiter and Neptune, as well as astronomical false positives. Precise radial Super-Earth and rocky Earth-sized planets. (Image velocity measurements are needed to confirm Credit: P. Marenfeld & NOAO/AURA/NSF.) the planetary nature of the companions and to measure their masses. NASA has established an aggressive development schedule for the new spectrometer so that the instrument will be available for use by the astronomical community on a time scale relevant to the availability of data from the TESS mission (mid-Fiscal Year 2018). . 17

21NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Digital tracking dramatically increases telescope sensitivity to faint asteroids In a new study, Heinze et al. (2015; http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/ 1508.01599) describe how an image-stacking technique called digital tracking can be used to discover large numbers of faint new asteroids. The scheme allows the viewer to search a series of images for moving objects that take a range of trajectories and speeds. By shifting and stacking images with the appropriate translation applied, detection sensitivity is improved and faint moving objects can be identified. Although more computationally intensive than conventional analysis techniques, digital tracking can detect moving objects 10 times fainter than is normally possible, effectively increasing the aperture of the telescope used for the study. . The authors validated their approach using data from the WIYN 0.9m telescope at Kitt Peak. They detected approximately 200 asteroids in a 1 square degree field at a brightness level previously only accessible to 4m and larger telescopes. Three quarters of the asteroids are new discoveries. Figure 6: Actual trails in the sky of detected asteroids (arrows) using digital tracking. (Image credit: A. Heinze/Stony Brook University.) 3.3 GEMINI OBSERVATORY Paper output based on NOAO-approved proposals for Gemini telescopes has been high, with ~75 peer-reviewed papers published so far in 2015. Two results published earlier this year are the most notable. In the first result, Hui et al. (2015, MNRAS, 446, 842) used NIFS and GNIRS spectroscopy to explore the origins of massive stars in clusters residing in the Galactic Center. Detailed study of eight massive stars near the Galactic Center was able to tease out that one formed in situ, some are interlopers, and others have been ejected from nearby star clusters in the Galactic Center. In the second result, Kilic et al. (2015, MNRAS, 446, L26) found the first millisecond pulsar as a companion to an extremely low-mass (ELM) pulsating white dwarf, using GMOS time-series photometry at Gemini South. This result places the WD in the ZZ Ceti instability band. Other ELM WD companions to pulsars have been studied, here and elsewhere, and non-pulsating and pulsating stars yield to empirical definition of this rarely populated fringe of post-AGB instability. 18

22SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES AND FINDINGS The initial image-based peer-reviewed articles from the GSAOI have become available in recent months. For example, Reiter et al. (2015, MNRAS, 448, 3429) have shown the exquisite spatial resolution of HH 900 in the images of the Carina Nebula provided by this capability. Their study, based on both Gemini and HST data, focuses on a peculiar protostellar outflow, which has different characteristics depending on the observation band. The narrowband H2 emission from GSAOI matches Ha but not the [Fe II] image, revealing a complex velocity structure of the ejecta. A notable publication based on data acquired with Gemini, with a focus on the evolution of the planetary nebula (PN) and the binary central star, resulted in a press release. DeMarco et al. (2015, MNRAS, 448, 3587) use Kepler photometry and Gemini North-GMOS spectroscopy to further investigate this issue. GMOS spectra were used to determine masses and luminosities. For some systems, repeated GMOS observations were used to determine spectroscopic binary orbits. The GMOS image of one of the program objects Figure 7: HST/ACS H-alpha image (top) and narrowband, PN Kn 61, featured in the Gemini GSAOI H2 K-band image (bottom), both reported Gemini press release ( www.gemini.edu/ with outlines [Feii] (1.26 m + 1.64 m) overdrawn. node/11656). Six PNe are known in the [Feii] emission starting at the same location as the Kepler field of H2 emission. DeMarco et al. were able to fade below our sensitivity, and the H-alpha emission collects useful data from Kepler on the central star narrowing to a width similar to that of the [Feii] emission (fitted in five of these systems. Of the five , one is from Reiter et al. others 2015). the first known short-period post-common envelope binary to exhibit a relativistic beam. The second star has a photometric variability consistent with an evolved companion. The third star is shown to be the product of a merger. The fourth has variability attributed to a binary. No variability was detected for the fifth star studied. These results suggest that there are many close binaries or close binary products between the central stars of PNe, but would require ultra-high-precision photometry to detect them. 19

23NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT 4 GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS 4.1 NOAO SUR 4.1.1 CTIO Fiscal Year 2015 Program Review The Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) operates the 4-inch Blanco Telescope m at Cerro Tololo and the 4.1 m SOAR Telescope, of which NOAO is a 30% partner, at Cerro Pachn. NOAO is also a 15% partner in the Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System (SMARTS) Consortium, which operates the 0.9m, 1.3m, and 1.5m telescopes on Cerro Tololo. In addition, CTIO serves as host to 11 tenant facilities that operate a total of more than 20 telescopes of various apertures. The efficient and reliable scientific operation of these facilities, especially the two 4 m-class telescopes, is the primary focus of the effort of all NOAO South staff: the mountain-based CTIO telescope operations group is responsible for operations Overnight, top notch troubleshooting and regular preventative maintenance; CTIO science staff provide scientific support to users before, during, and after their observing tours and provide scientific encouragement and leadership for telescope and instrument improvement projects; Engineering and Technical Services (NS ETS) adds engineering and technical depth to troubleshooting and maintenance efforts and develops and carries out projects to improve performance and increase reliability; the Computer Infrastructure Services (NS CISS) group supports the computers and data collection and control equipment at the various telescopes, as well as the use of the international broadband link to the mountain data to the Internet and data archives In the USA.; the Facilities Operations (NS FO) group provides accommodation, meals and transportation services for staff and visitors and maintains the basic infrastructure and utilities for CTIO and all other programs hosted at the AURA site in Chile. A major science operations activity in fiscal year 2015 was support for the Dark Energy Survey (DES), which uses the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) on the Blanco telescope to conduct a grizzY survey of a 5000 degree region. squares centered on the southern galactic cap. , plus a time-domain supernova search, with 105 nights scheduled each year for five years. The reporting period saw the appearance of the first crop of scientific articles resulting from DES, with 9 articles published and 35 more submitted, while an additional 3 articles resulted from analysis of archival DES data by community scientists. Community programs using DECam on the Blanco telescope produced another 9 articles. Two new f/8 instruments arrived at Blanco during fiscal year 2015, with the CTIO Ohio State Multi-Object Spectrograph (COSMOS) entering regular scientific use and astronomical research using the Cornell Infrared Imaging Spectrograph (TS4-ARCoIRIS) being delivered and was successfully commissioned. Improvements were made to SOAR to increase observing efficiency, including the implementation of an acquisition camera for the flagship Goodman spectrograph, which significantly reduced the time required to set up a new target. Blanco 4m Telescope The Blanco telescope, along with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), continues to be a unique resource in the Southern Hemisphere for wide-field survey science. The reporting period saw the completion of the second season of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the start of the third. During the second season, which began on August 15, 2014 and ended on February 15, 2015, the equivalent of 105.5 nights (80 full nights plus 51 half nights) were spent on this survey at the Blanco telescope. During this time, a total of 17,778 images were collected for the wide-field study, of which 91% were considered study quality. twenty

24GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS In addition, 2,370 images of supernova fields were obtained, of which 83% were accepted. Comparing the second season with the first, the DES team reported both a significant improvement in the quality of the image delivered and an increase in the shutter open fraction (a measure of observing efficiency), attributable to improvements in the telescope. and its thermal environment. during fiscal year 2014. Additionally, during fiscal year 2015, DECam was scheduled for a total of 125.5 nights to collect data from 32 community programs covering a wide range of scientific topics. The two new f/8 instruments built for the Blanco telescope with ReSTAR funding passed important milestones during fiscal year 2015 (Figure 8). Commissioning of the COSMOS optical spectrograph was completed in October 2014, and the instrument had its first successful science trials in May and July with a total of 14 nights used by two NOAO and two Chilean programs. Integration and laboratory testing of the TS4-ARCoIRIS near-infrared spectrograph was completed at Cornell University in February. The completed instrument was delivered to Chile in late April and achieved first light on the Blanco telescope during a six-night engineering run in early May. Figure 8: COSMOS (left) and TS4-ARCoIRIS (right) installed at the f/8 focus of the Blanco Blanco telescope Instrumentation Dark Energy Camera: DECam is CTIO's next-generation wide-field optical camera, with a 570-megapixel plane that it covers a field of view (FOV) two degrees in diameter, the largest FOV currently available in the southern hemisphere. DECam was the scheduled instrument for all but 14 of the science nights during fiscal year 2015. During this time, it was used successfully to conduct the second and begin the third season of observations for the Dark Energy Survey, as well as run a diverse set of community science programs. COSMOS: CTIO's Ohio State Multi-Object Spectrograph (COSMOS) is a new high-efficiency optical spectrograph for the Blanco telescope, a twin to KOSMOS on the Kitt Peak National Observatory's 4-m Mayall telescope. It can be used with a single long 10.0 arc minute slit or a multi-slit mask (slit placement range 10.0 5.0 arc minutes) to obtain spectra with R~2200. It can also be used in imaging mode that covers an FOV of 10 arcminutes in diameter. This instrument entered regular scientific use after completing its commissioning in October 2014, with a total of 14 nights used by four different science programs during fiscal year 2015. 21

25NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT TS4-ARCoIRIS: Astronomical Research Using Cornell's Infrared Imaging Spectrograph (ARCoIRIS) is a new facility instrument for the Blanco telescope, built by NOAO in partnership with Cornell University with funds from a Renewal of Small Telescopes for Astronomical Research (ReSTAR) Award. It is a single-object, moderate-scatter near-infrared spectrograph that provides coverage of the entire 0.8 to 2.4 micron range in eight orders of cross-scatter, with R~2400 resolution. Integration and laboratory testing of ARCoIRIS was completed at Cornell in February 2015, and the complete instrument was delivered to Chile in late April. First light was achieved during a six-night engineering run in early May. ARCoIRIS is offered for community use during the 2016A semester. Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope NOAO is a SOAR consortium partner along with the nation of Brazil, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Michigan State University, and operates the SOAR telescope on behalf of the partnership. During fiscal year 2015 several projects were carried out to improve the performance of the SOAR telescope and its instruments. NOAO South ETS staff continued to work on a major software upgrade for the SOAR Telescope Control System (TCS), bringing it to the same level as the recently upgraded TCS of the Blanco 4m telescope to improve reliability and simplify maintenance. Improvements were made to the aiming models of the telescope and guider, and an acquisition camera was made for the Goodman spectrograph, greatly reducing the time required to set up a new target. SOAR Telescope Instrumentation Goodman Spectrograph: The Goodman Spectrograph is a high-efficiency optical spectrograph equipped with a Fairchild 4K 4K CCD that provides very high UV/blue performance. It is the most popular instrument in SOAR and accounts for around 60% of the requested time. Can be used with a single long 3.9 arc minute slit or a multi-slit mask (slit location range 3.0 to 5.0 arc minutes) to obtain spectra with R~1800 at 14 000. It can also be used in imaging mode that covers an FOV of 7.2 arcmin in diameter. SOI: The SOAR optical imager provides images at an FOV of 5.25 5.25 arcmin at a scale of 0.07 arcsec/pixel. Although the Goodman spectrograph's imaging mode took over some of the imaging load, SOI continued to be in demand for its high-quality, stable images. SAM: The SOAR Adaptive Optics Module (SAM) is a ground layer AO system that uses a UV laser as a Rayleigh beacon to improve image quality in optics, achieving uniform correction over a 3 arc minute field of diameter. With the AO loop closed, a resolution of 0.5 arc seconds in the V band and 0.4 arc seconds in the I band can be achieved under typical conditions. The instrument incorporates a dedicated CCD imager, SAMI, equipped with a 4K 4K E2V CCD covering an FOV of 3.0 3.0 arcmin at a scale of 0f 0.045 arcsec/pixel, and can also power a small visiting instrument. OSIRIS: The Ohio State Infrared Spectrometer and Imager, which is equipped with a CTIO-owned 1K 1K Rockwell HgCdTe array, moved to SOAR after several years of use on the Blanco telescope in FY 2005. Provides images (over an FOV of up to 3.2 3.2 arcmin) and moderate resolution near-infrared spectroscopy capability (up to R = 3000). OSIRIS will be retired once TS4-ARCoIRIS, which provides similar spectroscopic capability, becomes available in Blanco in half 2016A. 22

26GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS Spartan Infrared Camera: Spartan is a near-infrared imager that offers two different scales: a /21 channel with an FOV of 3.0 3.0 arcmin and a scale of 0.043 arcsec/pixel chosen to resolve the diffraction. limited core of Tip-Tiltcorrected images in the H and K bands, and a /12 channel with an FOV of 5.0 5.0 arcmin at 0.073 arcsec/pixel. CTIO and SMARTS Small Telescopes The Small and Moderate Aperture Telescope Research System (SMARTS) consortium continued to operate three small telescopes at CTIO: the 0.9m, 1.3m, and 1.5m telescopes. A new three-year agreement, SMARTS 3, began on August 1, 2013. NOAO South provides operational and technical support to SMARTS on a cost-recovery basis. During fiscal year 2015, this included assistance with troubleshooting, regular washing of the mirrors on the three SMARTS telescopes, and repair of the CCD cameras for the CHIRON spectrograph on the 1.5m telescope and the signal generator. CCD images from the 0.9 m telescope. SMARTS CTIO 1.5m Telescope Instrumentation: The CTIO 1.5m telescope is equipped with the CTIO CHIRON High Resolution Spectrometer, a fiber-powered Echelle spectrograph that provides high-resolution spectroscopy of bright targets. The telescope and instruments operate only in service mode. CTIO 1.3-m: The A Novel Double-Imaging Camera (ANDICAM) instrument on the CTIO 1.3-m provides simultaneous near-infrared and optical imaging in full-service, limited-queue mode. The optical camera uses a 2K 2K CCD, while the IR capability is based on a 1K 1K detector. The maximum time per night per project is set at three hours to support the wide range of astronomical monitoring projects that can use this productive combination of telescope, instrument, and observing mode. 0.9m CTIO: The 0.9m CTIO telescope continued to support a fixed 2K 2K optical imager, with classic mode observations only. This facility is the cornerstone of a major astrometric project, led by Todd Henry of Georgia State University, that relies on the long-term stability of the instrument and the telescope. The 1.0m YALO (Yale, AURA, Lisbon, Ohio State) Telescope: This telescope was closed for fiscal year 2015. If sufficient new funding can be found, this telescope could be brought back into regular operation. Projects and tenant observatories AURA and CTIO offer a platform that provides US scientists and institutions with access to the skies of the southern hemisphere. CTIO is home to 11 tenant facilities operating more than 20 tenant telescopes, many operating entirely remotely, and several additional projects studying a wide range of phenomena, including the following: The 0.6/0 Curtis Schmidt Telescope .9 m is owned by the University of Michigan. and operates part-time on a NASA-funded project to catalog space debris in geosynchronous orbits. 23

27NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT The 0.6m Lowell Telescope is operated by the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy (SARA) as a fully robotic facility. GONG: CTIO houses one of the six Global Oscillations Network Group (GONG) helioseismology stations owned by the National Solar Observatory, which has been in operation since 1995. PROMPT: The Panchromatic Robotic Optical Monitoring and Polarimetry Telescopes at the University of Carolina del Norte) consists of a group of eight small telescopes that rapidly track GRBs discovered by the SWIFT satellite and subsequently trigger a target-of-opportunity interrupt in SOAR. At other times, the telescopes conduct observations as part of an extensive education and outreach program in North Carolina. During fiscal year 2015, Evryscope, a state-of-the-art array of 27 7 cm aperture telescopes, was installed in one of PROMPT's domes. Together, these telescopes point to every accessible part of the sky simultaneously and continuously, forming a gigapixel-scale image of an 8,000-square-degree overlapping field every two minutes. This instrument will be used for a variety of time-domain studies, including the search for transiting exoplanets. WHAM: The Wisconsin H-alpha Mapper (WHAM) is conducting an all-sky survey of galactic H-alpha emission using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The northern part of the survey was completed from Kitt Peak, after which the experiment was moved to Cerro Tololo in 2010. LCOGTN: The CTIO node of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network (LCOGTN) includes 3 telescopes from 1, 0 m telescope, which began in fiscal year 2013 and will be used for a variety of scientific research projects, and 2 0.4 m telescopes, which were added during fiscal year 2014 for an educational and outreach role. MEARTH, operated by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, consists of 8 0.4m telescopes in a runoff shed, which are used to study nearby M dwarfs for new Earth-like exoplanets. The KMTNet 1.6m telescope is one of three telescopes that make up the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) being built by the Korea Institute of Astronomy and Space Sciences and will be used for microlensing observations. Installation and testing of the instrument, a CCD camera built at The Ohio State University, was completed during fiscal year 2015, with full scientific operation expected to begin early in fiscal year 2016. The T80-South 0, 8m is being built with Brazilian funding and will be part of the Javalambre Physics of the Accelerating Universe (J-PAS) project, which will survey 8,000 square degrees through 56 narrow-band optical filters. The T80-S telescope and its northern twin will be used for photometric calibration of the main survey. Installation of the telescope was completed and installation and commissioning of the instrument began during fiscal year 2015. It is also home to several non-astronomical experiments, including the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO), an ionospheric physics experiment operated by the University of Illinois and a seismic station operated by the University of Chile. 24

28GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS La Serena School of Data Sciences The La Serena School of Data Sciences (LSSDS) is an intensive week of interdisciplinary conferences focused on applied tools for handling big astronomical data. Participants receive instructions on how astronomical data is processed, accessed, and analyzed, including reduction pipelines, databases, and science programming. Funding for the school is provided through a supplement to this award (AST-0950945) with roughly equivalent Chilean contributions from CONICYT (the Chilean equivalent of the NSF), the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, and the Center for Mathematical Modeling of the University From Chile. . Figure 10: 2015 La Serena School Participants for In FY15, the third annual School Data Science was held during the group project activity during the week of August 1522. More than 190 applications were received, of which 43 % were students from the US, 25% were from Chile, and 22% were from other countries, including Australia, South Africa, Mexico, India, and Pakistan. The applicant pool was 34% female and 66% male. Of these, we selected 35 students: 15 from the US, 18 from Chile, and 2 internationals. Of these, 17 were women and 18 were men. This year, the School's curriculum included 13 lectures and 9 practical lecture activities delivered by the four main teachers and seven visiting teachers. These covered topics ranging from introductions to astronomical data and statistics to how to use high-performance computing clusters. The students then divided into groups of four to work on projects using the tools they had learned in the lectures, presenting their results in a final meeting. FY15 Milestone Status Develop a regular preventative maintenance program for the Blanco 4m telescope and its key supporting infrastructure, and implement it beginning in the second quarter of FY15. Status: Implementation of the basic framework for scheduling and tracking of regular maintenance activities within JIRA's issue tracking and reporting system was completed during the first quarter. Maintenance procedures for all key telescope components and supporting infrastructure have been incorporated within this system, with subsystems added as appropriate. Restore or replace the secondary backup generator, secondary frequency converter, and associated transfer switches at the Cerro Tololo Power Plant to ensure robust operation of this critical equipment for the next decade. Planning and prioritization will take place in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015, with procurement beginning in the second quarter as funds allow. Status: The equipment in the Cerro Tololo powerhouse suffered severe damage as a result of lightning strikes during a strong electrical storm at the end of March. Both the main 23 kv/2.4 kv step-down transformer and the primary drive control circuit were inoperative. A comprehensive plan has been developed to replace damaged and outdated hardware at the power plant with modern equipment (a solid-state frequency converter will replace the current motor-generator-based unit) while incorporating protection circuitry and safety equipment. Power quality monitoring to increase robustness and fault tolerance and simplify maintenance. The required hardware will be procured and installed during the first and second quarters of fiscal 2016. Meanwhile, the coaster is running on generator power. A secondary standby 25

29NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 A generator was ordered and in the meantime a rented generator is used as a backup for the main one. Support the second season of observations of the Dark Energy Survey (DES), which runs from mid-August 2014 to early February 2015. Hold a workshop in March 2015 to promote effective community use of imagery collected during the first season of DES. Status: COMPLETED. The second DES season began on August 15, 2014 and ended on February 15, 2015. The equivalent of 105.5 nights (80 full nights plus 51 half nights) were spent on the study at the Blanco telescope. During this time, a total of 17,778 images were collected for the wide-field study, of which 91% were considered study quality. In addition, 2,370 images of the supernova fields were obtained, of which 83% were accepted. The DECam Community Science Workshop, held March 13, 16 in Tucson, was attended by 65 participants from DES, NOAO, and the user community. Twenty-eight presentations covered instrument properties and data, DES and community data reduction pipelines, the NOAO Science Archive, and early scientific results from DES and community programs. Prepare for delivery of the TripleSpec4 (TS4) near-infrared spectrograph, in January 2015, and power-up on the Blanco 4-m telescope during the third and fourth quarters of fiscal year 2015. Status: COMPLETED. Integration and lab testing of the TripleSpec4 (TS4) near-infrared spectrograph was completed at Cornell University in February. The complete instrument was delivered to Chile in late April and achieved first light on the Blanco telescope on April 29, 2015. Two subsequent commissioning cycles in May and June were used to integrate the instrument with telescope services and the control system, characterize its performance, and obtain initial scientific verification data. More commissioning and scientific verification runs are scheduled for the 2015B semester. The instrument was offered for community use, without restrictions, in the 2016A semester call. Develop during the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 conceptual designs and resource estimates for steps required to increase observing efficiency at the SOAR telescope, including improving the guide star selection software, adding an acquisition camera to the spectrograph Goodman and the implementation of closed-loop focus and astigmatism control and propose them to the SOAR board for funding. It is anticipated that, given a favorable decision, one or two of these measures may be implemented during FY 2015, with the others carried over to FY 2016. Status: Telescope and guider pointing models updated in Q1 , and manufacturing and testing of the acquisition chamber for the Goodman spectrograph was completed in the third quarter. Together, these two measurements have reduced the time required to set up a new science target with the Goodman spectrograph and acquire guide stars from 10 minutes to just 1. Work has started on the design of opto-mechanical modifications to the guide to allow its use as a low-order wavefront sensor, allowing closed-loop control of focus and astigmatism; implementation is scheduled for fiscal year 2016. To strengthen post-execution scientific support for SOAR telescope users, conduct a survey during the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 of former NOAO users to determine what factors have limited your ability to publish quickly and use this as a basis for planning and prioritizing improvements to be implemented throughout the remainder of the year. Status: A survey of all users granted time at the SOAR telescope during the period 2011-2014 has been completed, and the results were presented at the SOAR External Review in June. Of those surveyed, 50% had published some or all of their data, and another 30% expected 26

30GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEMS OPERATIONS does, but they needed to collect more data to complete their projects. In several of these later cases, the SOAR data was taken to allow observations at other (larger) telescopes that have not yet been completed. The actions are planned for implementation in fiscal year 2016 to address a number of specific issues identified by respondents. Implement succession plans for key personnel who will fully or co-transition to LSST. Recruitment to replace transitioning staff will take place in the first quarter of fiscal 2015, with cross-training and knowledge transfer throughout the remainder of the year. Status: COMPLETED. Four staff members fully transitioned to the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope project at the beginning of fiscal year 2015. One of these positions will not be replaced; the others have been covered through an internal contracting process. Similarly, the head of the IT Infrastructure group, which will transition early in fiscal 2016, will be replaced internally. Discussions continued with LSST regarding additional staff that may move from CTIO to LSST on a full or part-time basis, as construction activity increases, to allow for timely recruitment of additional staff and ensure critical knowledge is retained. Organize the third annual edition of the La Serena School for Data Science for one week in August 2015 in collaboration with AURA, LSST and Chilean institutional partners. Status: COMPLETED. The 2015 school, held in August 1522, in La Serena was attended by 35 students: 15 from the US, 18 from Chile, and 2 international students. Participants attended 13 lectures and 9 hands-on lecture activities delivered by the four lead professors and seven visiting professors, covering topics ranging from introductions to astronomical data and statistics to how to use high-performance computing clusters, then applied what they had learned to the carry out a project. 4.1.2 Review of NOAO South's Engineering and Technical Services Program for Fiscal Year 2015 During the reporting period, NOAO South's Engineering and Technical Services (NS ETS) group provided technical and engineering support for science operations of CTIO telescopes, helping with diagnosis and troubleshooting on a regular basis. maintenance of optical, mechanical, electronic systems and software of telescopes and instruments. They also participated in projects to improve the performance of telescopes and to install and test new instrumentation. The TS4-ARCoIRIS near-infrared spectrograph was a major focus of activity for NS ETS during fiscal year 2015. NS ETS staff were responsible for testing and characterizing the infrared (IR) detectors and their associated control electronics, which are They were sent to Cornell University in January for installation in the instrument. A team from NS ETS then traveled to Cornell in February to participate in instrument integration and witness acceptance testing prior to shipment. Several accessories were also developed and manufactured in Chile, including the instrument-to-telescope interface adapter, the instrument handling cart, and the control electronics for the calibration lamp system. The completed instrument was delivered to Chile on April 24, 2015, and achieved first light on the Blanco telescope during a six-night engineering run in early May. NS ETS staff participated in the mechanical, electronic, optical and software integration of the instrument with the Blanco telescope and its control system and supported the commissioning of the instrument on the telescope. NS ETS worked on several upgrade projects for the SOAR telescope during fiscal year 2015. The SOAR Telescope Control System (TCS) upgrade progressed steadily, with core module coding now substantially complete and testing ongoing. An acquisition camera for the Goodman spectrograph on the telescope was designed, manufactured, and commissioned, significantly reducing the time required 27

31NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT to set new targets. Work has also begun on the design of opto-mechanical modifications to the guider to allow its use as a low-order wavefront sensor, allowing closed-loop focus and astigmatism control. Implementation of these changes is scheduled for FY 2016. FY 2015 Milestone Status Complete the Blanco telescope primary mirror active optics upgrade project in the first quarter of FY 2015. Status: COMPLETED. The new high-precision pressure controllers for the 33 pneumatic actuators (airbags) supporting the main mirror were installed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 and the system has performed flawlessly since it went live in mid-August. of 2014 in time for the start of the second season of DES. Final touches, such as repackaging of control electronics and assembly and testing of replacement modules, were completed during the first quarter of fiscal 2015. Measurements continue to be made regularly during engineering time to refine lookup tables. used to control the system and monitor the resulting delivered image quality. Renovate Blanco's aluminization tank in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015 and optimize its control parameters (work to be completed in the first quarter of fiscal year 2016) to ensure a stable, reliable and reproducible deposition of a good quality coating in time to re-aluminize Blanco's primary mirror during calendar year 2016. Status: Work to document and upgrade existing electrical system and vacuum pumps has been completed. The coating team has received formal training in sputtering and evaporative coating deposition from an instructor from a company specializing in industrial vacuum technology, and will gain further hands-on experience by participating in the coating of the Gemini South primary mirror scheduled for October 2015. A series of coating tests to optimize the parameters of the Blanco plant will begin in the first quarter of fiscal year 2016. Repair the Blanco mirror elevator in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015 following similar work done on the telescope Mayall during fiscal year 2014. Status: A careful commercial study has been completed comparing the approaches taken at the Mayall telescope and at the AAO to solve the same problem with their very similar mirror elevators. The decision to follow the AAO approach was made because Mayall's team had to fix significant defects in the vendor-supplied hardware they used, which are avoided in the AAO approach. Implementation of the chosen approach is scheduled for FY 2016. Build the new Blanco Cassegrain cage drive cart in the second quarter of FY 2015, design completed in FY 2014. Status: This fabrication task is completed. Postponed to fiscal year 2016 due to competition for machine shop resources from higher priority work on other projects. Complete during the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 the evaluation and costing of improvements to the drive mechanism and emergency brake for the Blanco dome shutter, based on similar work being done on the Mayall telescope and the anglo-australian. Implementation will begin in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, but is expected to continue through fiscal year 2016, depending on the design that is ultimately adopted. Status: The evaluation phase of both projects has been completed. Detailed design work and implementation are scheduled for FY 2016. Full SOAR Telescope Control System (TCS) upgrade to the same standard as the recently upgraded TCS of the Blanco 4m telescope in Q4 FY 2015 28

32GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS Status coding of all key software components has been completed, and these modules have been extensively tested and debugged using a software simulation of the telescope mount. Commissioning using actual hardware is progressing well, and the new TCS is anticipated to be fully commissioned during the first quarter of fiscal 2016. 4.1.3 NOAO South Facility Operations FY15 Program Review The Group The NOAO Southern Facility Operations (NS FO) is responsible for the long-term operations, maintenance, and management of the physical infrastructure shared by the facilities hosted by the AURA Observatory (AURA-O) in Chile. This includes support buildings, housing and other miscellaneous facilities in La Serena and in Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn. During fiscal year 2015, Nicole van der Bliek became a director of the NS FO group, in addition to her current position as deputy director of NOAO South. The group has been restructured along functional lines with separate groups dedicated to food services, hotel and related services, and infrastructure maintenance. LSST began construction on Cerro Pachn during the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, which has significantly increased the demands on the mountain infrastructure with, for example, increased traffic, especially heavy vehicles, on mountain roads, operating hours, longer door openings and a large increase in water consumption at Cerro Pachn. NS FO has been adjusting the frequency of services to meet LSST construction demands, hiring additional temporary staff as needed, and will continue to do so as construction activity continues. Natural phenomena have also had serious consequences during FY15: a severe thunderstorm accompanied by heavy rains in late March, heavy snowfall on both mountains in June and early August, and an 8.3 Richter earthquake with an epicenter 40 miles south of Cerro Tololo in September, each of which caused damage to the mountain infrastructure that has had to be attended by NS FO. The access road up the mountain was washed out in several places by the March storm, with further meltwater damage in June and August and rock slides in September. The road was quickly reopened after each of these events, minimizing lost observing time at the telescopes and avoiding delays in LSST construction work. However, several sections of the road will require more extensive repairs, as soon as the winter is over. During the March storm, lightning struck power lines, disrupting commercial power to both mountains. Commercial power at Cerro Pachn was restored within a few days. However, at Cerro Tololo both the main 23 kv/2.4 kv step-down transformer and the control circuit of the primary frequency converter were inoperable. Work continues with the help of outside consultants and contractors to try to repair damaged equipment and restore business power. However, in parallel, a plan is being pursued to completely replace damaged and outdated powerhouse hardware with modern equipment while incorporating protection circuitry and power quality monitoring equipment to increase robustness and tolerance to failures and simplify maintenance. Meanwhile, the Tololo facility has been running on generators since the March storm. A leased generator is being used to serve as a backup for the existing generator, and a permanent secondary backup generator is being purchased as part of the power plant upgrade. The water system, which supplies both mountains, was also damaged in the quake, with two of the three storage tanks in Tololo ruptured and control lines for the pumping system severed by rock slides. The water system was quickly brought back online using the undamaged storage tank and repairs to the other two tanks are underway. Status of FY 2015 Milestones Improve the reliability of the power transmission infrastructure for both mountains by installing contacts/connectors at the junction between the commercial power company and the AURA lines, at the bifurcation of the lines to Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn, and at each summit in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. 29

33NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Status: This project was approved by the Advisory Committee, on behalf of AURA tenants, as a contingency project to be carried out if funds remain at the end of the year. However, this was not the case. Therefore, this project has been included within the larger electric power infrastructure improvement project that is being scheduled for FY16. Provide separate utility metering in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015 for all tenants in Cerro Tololo and implement a web-based database for utility consumption to improve the accuracy of billing to users . Status: Additional water and electricity meters have been purchased, and the Cerro Tololo site plans are being updated to reflect the current status of the water and electricity system in preparation for the installation of these meters. Installation will take place during the first half of fiscal year 2016. A web-based utility billing system was implemented at the end of fiscal year 2014 and has been in full use since the beginning of fiscal year 2015. Complete repairs to the roof of the La Serena office building in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015, addressing the sections of the roof over the Engineering and Technical Services and SOAR offices. Status: COMPLETED. The roof of the NOAO Sur Library was replaced in March 2015, while the roof of the ETS building at NOAO Sur was replaced in April/May 2015. Install a new heating and air conditioning system for offices and laboratories in La Serena in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: On hold. LSST, NOAO, and AURA are jointly evaluating a major modification and renovation of the La Serena office building to incorporate the base facility for LSST as part of an integrated building. This project will entail the remodeling of the existing CTIO offices and laboratories, including the replacement of the heating and air conditioning system of the entire building. Therefore, this project is on hold pending completion of the preliminary architectural study for the new building, so that the work to be carried out can be planned and executed in this broader context. Renovate the La Serena machine shop in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015 to provide a covered, well-ventilated area for welding and painting and to provide a direct entrance to the shop superintendent's office bypassing the actual machine shop, for security reasons. Status: On hold. Quotations were obtained in the 2Q of FY15 for the remodeling of the La Serena machine shop. The decision to proceed is on hold pending the definition of the largest renovation project for the La Serena offices. Support increased LSST construction activity at Cerro Pachn, increasing facilities operations group capacities as needed by the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 to meet increased demand for group services and the need for a more frequent road maintenance. Status: Construction of the LSST began in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. In support of this, an additional truck driver was hired to be able to transport enough water to Cerro Pachn to meet the needs of the LSST construction project. In anticipation of the heavy use of the roads, several road construction companies have been contacted to carry out a road improvement project. This is planned for fiscal year 2016. 4.1.4 NOAO South Information Technology Infrastructure Services The NOAO South Information Technology Infrastructure Services (NS CISS) group provides information technology (IT) support for staff and facilities of NOAO in Chile and supports the backbone network and communications infrastructure for all AURA-O facilities in Chile. Server and desktop support is included for all NOAO South staff. For all installations, including Gemini, SOAR and NS 30 tenants

34GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVATION SYSTEM OPERATIONS The CISS provides the necessary network infrastructure support to maintain reliable connectivity between the mountaintops (Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn) and La Serena, as well as between La Serena and the rest of the world. The NS CISS group also provides IT support for the Las Campanas Observatory and network support for NRAO/ALMA connectivity from Santiago to the continental US on a cost recovery basis. To meet the large increase in bandwidth demand from Cerro Tololo to La Serena due to the operation of DECam and new tenant programs such as KASI and T80-S, a new microwave link was installed during fiscal year 2015, parallel to the existing With this new hardware, a full-duplex microwave system made by Cambium, we get >200 Mbps each way, and because the system is adaptive, more bandwidth is automatically allocated in the more loaded downstream direction whenever needed. . This has allowed us to dedicate the full 155 Mbps capacity of the existing Harris microwave to traffic generated by DECam, with all other Tololo traffic sharing the new link. NS CISS, in concert with Ampath and REUNA, enabled a third diverse path from Santiago to Miami using the Latin American Cooperation of Advanced Networks (CLARA) network. Hardware has been added to the Cisco router that will allow the router to change from a failed route to a diversely operational one in milliseconds. This has been proven in practice by a number of planned and unplanned outages of the main route. As part of the plan to maintain spare computers for DECam, additional computers were purchased to fulfill each mission critical role. These computers have been assembled, tested and installed in the Process Integration racks of the Survey Image System (SISPI), and the mountain support personnel have been trained to perform the exchange between the main and backup machines in the event of as needed overnight. Milestone Status FY15 Complete the installation of a 10 Gb network segment in La Serena for virtual machines. The necessary transceivers will be purchased in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 and installed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: COMPLETED. All server hardware has been deployed, the GlustrFS software has been installed and works as advertised, and the Centos OS has been updated to the latest version to implement important KVM features. Establish by the end of fiscal year 2015 separate and independent subnets for each of the tenant telescopes at Cerro Tololo. Status: A new architecture has been developed that will allow us to move all tenants to individual subnets in one process, and the necessary hardware has been received and is being configured. Improve the wireless network in La Serena to allow visitors and staff to gain access on a more consistent basis by installing a wireless local area network controller and captive portal with 802.1x in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status : FILLED. A Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) device has been purchased and installed. Enough access points have been purchased and installed to populate the La Serena offices. Purchase and install in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 Cisco Identity Services Engine to make the network more secure from personal mobile devices. Status: The hardware has been purchased. Installation and configurations to take place during the first quarter of fiscal year 2016. Establish a network connection in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015 from Cerro Tololo to the water tower in the San Carlos valley to support remote monitoring of the pumping stations by NOAO South Facilities Operations staff. 31

35NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Status: Completed. The necessary equipment to establish a wireless network connecting the pumping stations has been installed, and this link is operational. Transfer NS CISS management responsibility from the current program manager to another member of the group in Q1 FY15 to allow the former to focus on supporting the LSST network and AURA network backbone. Status: Management responsibility has been transferred within the group. The current head of the group will transition to LSST at the beginning of fiscal year 2016. 32

36GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS 4.2 NORTH NOAO 4.2.1 KPNO FY15 Program Review Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) operates the 4-m Mayall telescope and is a partner in the operation of the WIYN Observatory (3.5 m and 0.9 -m telescopes). KPNO provides infrastructure for more than 20 institutionally operated tenant telescopes around the world, including the NSO (National Solar Observatory) and NRAO (Very Long Baseline Array) telescopes located on Kitt Peak. KPNO's primary focus is shifting to major science programs focused on DOE and NASA projects. These include the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) for Mayall and the Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrometer (EPDS) for WIYN. These program efforts are described below. Mayall 4m Telescope In fiscal year 2015, Mayall's operations included planning and engineering support for various DESI activities. These include the design of the installation hardware, the addition of increased electrical and cooling capacity at the telescope, and the deployment and monitoring of environmental sensors. In the fourth quarter, NOAO's engineering staff began to) write, test, and implement a software interface to connect the existing Telescope Control System (TCS) to DESI's Instrument Control System (ICS); b) design a new large cable reel system to carry the DESI fiber optic cables from the main floor large sofa room to the upper ring of the Mayall telescope; and c) preparation for installation, sky testing, and removal of a prototype DESI Prime Focus unit (protoDESI) to demonstrate the process of aligning mobile fiber tips on celestial targets and holding them there while homing. Plans were made by observatory staff to support the Mayall Z-Band Legacy Survey (MzLS). This will be a two-year effort to image the deep z-band of the Northern Galactic Cap (NGC) region, covering between 5,000 and 6,000 square degrees of sky. This survey is a critical component of DESI's overall collaborative strategy to develop a catalog of 2.53 billion target galaxies and QSOs, and as such represents much of NOAO's scientific contribution to the collaboration. NOAO has committed to providing 230 nights over two years, 2016 and 2017. Because the NGC region is only observable in the first half of each calendar year, the time commitment must be met during the months of January through June. Therefore, NOAO will dedicate approximately 115 nights of Mayall time in January-June 2016 to MzLS, and this time will not be available for community submissions. However, the MzLS data will be publicly available immediately, so the community will be able to reap scientific benefits from this investment of time. In addition to telescope time, NOAO will provide pipeline data reductions and image data ingest into the NOAO Science Archive. NOAO will provide similar support to the parallel Bok Large Survey in the g and r bands, which is being conducted concurrently on the Bok 90-inch telescope at the University of Arizona. To support the MzLS work and ensure it is completed on time, NOAO engineers and science staff began commissioning a new detector array on the KPNO Mosaic Prime Focus chamber. This Mosaic 3 update uses the Dewar decommissioned from the CTIO Mosaic instrument. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL; lead institution for DESI) provided four red-optimized 4k CCDs and control electronics, and Yale University (another DESI partner institution) provided the labor to install the CCDs on the Dewar , optimize them with LBNL controllers, and integrate the entire package with NOAO's observation control software and data management system. Based on the proven sky performance of the camera, it can be offered to the general community as a new installation instrument. The new Mayall Telescope Control System (TCS) was fully installed and commissioned in the summer of 2015. The new TCS hardware and software upgrade replaces a 15-year-old system that relied on outdated components. The rms performance of the new TCS in both telescope pointing accuracy and 33

37NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Unguided tracking is almost an order of magnitude better than the old system and, because of its modernity, will be much easier to maintain. The new Mayall TCS is closely related to the system installed in recent years on the Blanco and SOAR telescopes, as well as the one planned for the LSST. Mayall Instrumentation KOSMOS: This new spectrograph has been fully commissioned and is in use in both single-slit and multi-slit modes. Its measured performance is approximately twice that of its predecessor, the Ritchey-Chrtien (RC) spectrograph. Mosaic 1.1: The updated Mosaic 1.1 imager, the widest field optical imager currently offered at KPNO (35.4 arcmin square, 0.26 arcsec pixels), is used in the main focus of the Mayall telescope at 4m. Mosaic 1.1 continued to be in high demand on the Mayall. To reduce the risk this instrument could take when transporting it around the mountain, it is no longer available in the WIYN 0.9m telescope. The Half Degree Imager has been commissioned and is in service, replacing the Mosaic 1.1 on the 0.9m telescope. Mosaic-3: Mosaic-3 is a composite of Mosaic-2, decommissioned at CTIO, and red-sensitive LBNL CCDs to facilitate MzLS targeting survey for DESI. Its commissioning is scheduled for the semester 2015B. It will replace Mosaic 1.1. NEWFIRM: Demand for this wide-field (27.6 square arcmin) infrared imager remains high. 2.1m Telescope Per recent NSF directive, the 2.1m telescope was closed at the end of semester 2014A. A call for proposals to operate this telescope was issued in April 2014 and four proposals were received. In cooperation with the NSF, the Robo-AO project (Caltech and the University of Hawaii) was selected in FY 2015 and will begin installation and operation in the first quarter of FY 2016. Robo-AO KP instrumentation of 2, 1m: Installation will begin before the end of the first quarter of FY2016. WIYN 3.5m Telescope The WIYN Observatory consists of the WIYN 3.5m and 0.9m telescopes. NOAO is a partner in the consortium (with the University of Wisconsin, Indiana University, and the University of Missouri) that operates the 3.5-m WIYN, the most modern of the telescopes operated on Kitt Peak. During fiscal year 2015, the NASA/NSF program on exoplanet science (NN-EXPLORE) was launched in January with a request for instrument proposals. The Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrometer (EPDS) will be a state-of-the-art radial velocity machine, scheduled for commissioning at WIYN in 2018. A selection of two competing instrument sets was made in June; In March 2016 the final selection of a team of instruments will be made. WIYN (Corson, Rajagopal) staff and NOAO (Dunlop) facilities staff provided feasibility assessments for the original 6 proposals and are currently preparing reports on port development designs and facility modifications required for installation and successful operation of EPDS, as proposed by the two instrument teams. The Guest Observer (GO) program, which is part of NN-EXPLORE, had its first semester in 2015B. A total of 16 proposals were received, requesting 59 nights in three instruments. The request for 2016A increased to 18 proposals for 85 nights in four instruments. 3. 4

38WIYN GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS 3.5 m Instrumentation One Degree Imager (ODI): This instrument has been in high demand and is producing excellent images. The focal plane was upgraded with new detector arrays in early 2015, increasing the field of view from 24.24 arcminutes to 48.40 arcminutes. WHIRC Infrared Imager: Built by Margaret Meixner (Space Telescope Science Institute; STScI), Ed Churchwell (University of Wisconsin), and colleagues at Johns Hopkins University, STScI, WIYN Observatory, and NOAO/KPNO, this imager Near-infrared imaging provides very high spatial resolution for near-infrared imaging in a 3.3 3.3 field of view. Together with the WIYN Tilt/Tilt Module (WTTM), images down to 0.27 arcsec FWHM have been recorded. The mirrors in the WTTM/WHIRC optical path were recoated in FY 2013, bringing WHIRC performance back to original (2008) levels. HYDRA continues to be widely used by both the NASA exoplanet community and university partners. The instructions for use provided by the University of Wisconsin (PI: M. Bershady) include new packages, HexPak and GradPak, which use variable aperture fibers for objects with non-uniform surface brightness (eg, extended galaxies). Infrastructure Modernization Electric Power: Renovation of Kitt Peak's 40+ year old electric power infrastructure began in FY 2015, with the replacement of the main switch on the North Ridge. The other set of switches, located in the central maintenance area, will be replaced in a year or two. Domes: A plan is being developed to repaint the Mayall Dome, 7-foot Dome, 50-inch Dome, and 36-inch Dome by fiscal year 2016. Water Tanks: The water storage tanks they will be recoated and their hatches brought up to code in FY16. This will complete the upgrade to the water system at Kitt Peak that began in 2012. Kitt Peak Visitor Center Total participation in Kitt Peak Visitor Center programs increased 14% compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. The largest increases occurred with the tours for the general public and the Night Observation Program. Guided tours increased 15%, with 191 more people participating in these daytime offerings than in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. Tours are led by a group of volunteers made up of trained docents drawn from the local community. The Night Observation Program benefited from a 52% increase in attendance, or an additional 193 participants than the same period last year. The Advanced Observing Program, now known as the Night Telescope Observing Program, our special all-night observing program for astronomy enthusiasts, hosted five guests, compared to just two during the same reporting period last year. . The jumps in attendance at evening shows are especially noteworthy given that the fourth quarter occurs during the local monsoon rainy season, a weather pattern that results in a large number of cloudy nights. The work done by the Visitor Center staff during this period to develop new alternative programs to be presented on cloudy nights is expected to boost participation in evening programs in future quarters. A major redesign of the Visitor Center website, www.noao.edu/kpvc, was completed this term to provide better communication with our guests, attract new guests to Kitt Peak, and allow visitors to easily pre-register for evening programs and special events. . It has already seen a noticeable change in visitor patterns. for 35

39NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT For example, during August-September FY14, 48% of evening program participants registered online. During the same two-month period in FY15, online registration increased to 92%. Table 1 below summarizes the number of visitors who participated in paid groups/programs at Kitt Peak during FY 2015. Table 1: Summary of KPVC Program Participants Kitt Peak Visitor Center and Tours Participant Summary (from October 2, 2014 to September 30, 2015) Number of Participants Group/Program Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total General Public Visits 1,723 3,506 1,945 1,473 8,647 Kcollege School Groups 0 0 77 31 108 Special Visits 30 37 37 11 115 VIP Visits 55 80 33 50 218 Obs. Program 2,017 2,708 2,238 566 7,529 Advanced Obs. Program 36 40 64 5,145 Other classes and workshops 26 74 117 43,260 Youth group overnight stays 0 74 34 32,140 Totals 3,887 6,519 4,545 2,211 17,162 Status of FY 2015 milestones Evaluate, characterize, and (where necessary) improve the guidance and tracking of the Mayall telescope following the FY 2015 installation of the new digital servo system and guidance model for the telescope control system (TCS). Initial testing and evaluation will be completed by the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. The new system will be complete and in routine use for nighttime observation by the end of the third quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: COMPLETED. The new TCS has been in use since July and has been used solely (without relying on the old TCS) since September 1. Work with the NSF to select an operator for the 2.1m Telescope and Coud Feed. A recommendation to NSF will be made in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: COMPLETED. The Robo-AO team, based at Caltech, was selected. Robo-AO installation on the 2.1m telescope is scheduled to begin in October 2015. Complete a prioritized list with total costs for Delivered Image Quality (DIQ) improvements for the Mayall 4m telescope by the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: Ongoing. Some remaining testing of the thermal properties of the Mayall dome skin remains to be performed. Work is scheduled for the first quarter of fiscal 2016. 36

40GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS 4.2.2 NOAO North Engineering and Technical Services FY 2015 Program Review In addition to the progress milestone reported below, NOAO Engineering and Technical Services North (NN ETS) also completed implementation of the modernized servo control system and pointing model for the Mayall 4m Telescope Control System (TCS). This project began in FY 2014 and was designed and installed in late FY 2014 and early FY 2015. It underwent sky testing as planned during Telescope and Engineering nights beginning in December 2014. Its sky testing was completed in June 2015 and it has been in full-time operational use since August 2015, following the completion of the Mayall summer shutdown. During fiscal year 2015, NOAO contributed in a variety of ways to the progress of the DESI project, on three different fronts: scientific, technical, and administrative. Scientifically, NOAO staff astronomers provided the scientific rationale and motivation for the upgrade of the Mosaic Prime Focus Imager with thick red-optimized CCDs and wrote the initial versions of the protoDESI Test Plan and DESI commissioning test sequences for collaborative discussion. Technically, NOAO engineering and technical staff received the updated Mosaic CCD Dewar, got it working in the Tucson lab, then installed and commissioned it at Mayall. The engineering staff also completed design work on several areas of the telescopes and facilities required for the DESI integration, all of which required their particular knowledge of the telescope structure and supporting facilities. Administratively, NOAO met its responsibilities to complete work on time, to ensure that its work was properly coordinated with the overall DESI project schedule, and to report as required on project-related activities and expenses. . In addition, NOAO has completed or advanced several general improvement projects that will enhance the utility of the telescope for all future scientific users, including DESI; the most visible among these projects were the modernization of the Mayall transmission servo control systems and the modernization of the Kitt Peak site observation monitor. During fiscal year 2015, NOAO completed or significantly advanced designs for several elements required to install and support DESI: expansion and modernization of the Mayall facility's clean electric power system (completed); Expansions for the existing Mayall facility's chilled glycol system to reach places where DESI will need it (completed); Work platforms and Serrurier truss clamps to attach to Mayall telescope to support removal and replacement of entire top end of telescope (completed); Alternative concepts for safely providing liquid cooling to the DESI focal plate assembly (significant advancement, especially with regard to issues related to personnel and equipment safety); Fiber Cable Management System to securely guide DESI fiber optic cables down from the Prime Focus Cage and around the telescope bearings (top half completed design including declination bearing cable wrap, lower half design in progress including polar axis bearing wire wrap). During fiscal year 2015, NOAO undertook several major planning efforts for various aspects of the DESI project: Completed the initial draft of the installation and test plan for the ProtoDESI fiber positioning test bed; Refined the planning for the DESI installation, particularly with regard to personnel and equipment safety; 37

41NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Refined detailed planning and preparation for Mayall's legacy z-band study, as part of DESI's overall strategy to obtain the wide-field deep imaging studies needed to develop target lists for DESI spectroscopic observations. During fiscal year 2015, NOAO contributed a significant effort (with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Yale University) to the development of a new red-sensitive CCD focal plane for the Mosaic Prime Focus Imager on the Mayall telescope, to improve the Mayall's z-band legacy Survey: Scientific Motivation and Project Coordination; Provided Mosaic 2 Dewar decommissioned from CTIO to Yale University; Post-delivery lab testing of refurbished Mosaic 2 Dewar with LBNL CCD and Yale-installed drivers; Installation of refurbished Mosaic 2 Dewars and controllers under the Mosaic 1 instrument at Kitt Peak; Telescope installation and commissioning of the new Mosaic 3 focal plane with support from Yale and LBNL. During fiscal year 2015, NOAO played a significant role in many DESI administrative, technical, and science planning activities, including: Preparation for and submission to the DOE CD-2 review and the LBL Directors' Review that preceded it (which involved L. Allen, R. Blum, R. Joyce, T. Lavoie, R. Probst, and D. Sprayberry); Review panel service for Critical Design Review for Corrector Barrel (D. Sprayberry, supported by M. Evatt and R. Probst); Organization, preparation and participation in the preliminary design review for DESI assembly, integration and test plans (WBS 1.9 of the DESI project plan, involving L. Allen, R. Blum, M. Evatt, D. Guenther, D. Joyce , T. Lavoie, R. Marshall, R. Probst and D. Sprayberry Participation and presentation in the DESI collaboration meeting (presentation by R. Probst, participation by R. Blum, M. Evatt, R. Marshall, R . Probst , and D. Sprayberry.) During fiscal year 2015, NOAO was involved in ongoing and continuing roles in the overall management and coordination of the DESI project, including the following: Regular participation in technical coordination conference calls Regular participation in management conference calls DOE Participation- Earned Value Management System (D. Sprayberry) Approved Training Frequent informal contacts on specific topics with peers throughout collaboration with DESI Status of FY 2015 milestones Complete transfer of all paper documents relevant to the new electronic document system by the end of fiscal year 2015. Status: In progress and almost complete. More than 26,000 documents have been scanned as of the end of fiscal year 2015 and approximately 7,800 more documents remain to be scanned. Scanning time lost at the beginning of fiscal year 2015 due to the relocation of NN ETS offices was made up in part by increasing the fourth quarter hours of the temporary part-time assistant hired for the support task. In addition, the remaining documents were prioritized to ensure Mayall's critical documentation was complete. Remaining less important documents will be scanned as time permits during FY 2016. Complete a fully costed system level plan to improve the reliability of the Mayall Dome Shutter by the end of the third quarter of FY 2015. Status: Ready. Complete plan as of May 15, 2015. 38

42GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS Complete the purchase of major components for improving the reliability of the dome shutter system by the end of fiscal year 2015. Status: Done. Components ordered in late May 2015 and all received by July 31, 2015. Complete detailed design for Dome Shutter System Reliability Upgrade implementation by the end of FY 2015. Status: Ready . Detailed designs for the deployment kit (assembly components) were completed by the end of July 2015 and manufacturing of the components is underway. Due to the timing of the current El Niño weather cycle, NN ETS now expects more severe weather in the first two quarters of FY 2016, which requires this work to be done during the summer of 2016, with the dome louver set at a closed position. Accessories have been incorporated into the design to allow work in this position. Release initial versions of all DESI Interface Control Documents (ICDs) affecting the Mayall telescope or building by the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: Completed, but completed three months late. The latest relevant ICDs were posted to the DESI Document Database on June 30, 2015. Expand the Mayall Building Glycol System to provide a service point within the Coud Lab that will have sufficient capacity for DESI equipment for the purposes of for fiscal year 2015. Status: Delayed but on track. By the end of fiscal year 2015, a contracted engineering service had completed the design of the extension. Because implementation requires temporarily shutting down coolant flow to the dome floor and primary mirror cooling systems, implementation work will take place during the summer 2016 shutdown so as not to impact observation. Expand the electrical system in the Mayall Building to provide sufficient capacity for the Coud Lab for the DESI equipment by the end of fiscal year 2015. Status: Delayed but on track. By the end of fiscal year 2015, a contracted engineering service had completed the design of the extension. Implementation requires approximately a one-week shutdown of the building's clean energy system, so it will be done during the summer 2016 shutdown so as not to impact observation. Complete lab testing of the ODI with its 5 5 magnified focal plane by the end of the third quarter of FY 2015. Status: Complete. Testing was completed on May 5, 2015, and the ODI was delivered to the WIYN telescope in mid-May 2015. Complete commissioning of the upgraded ODI instrument on the telescope by the end of FY 2015. Status: COMPLETED. Commissioning of the upgraded instrument on the telescope began in June 2015 and was completed by the end of fiscal year 2015. 39

43NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT 4.2.3 NOAO North Central Facilities Operations FY15 Program Review During FY15, NOAO North Central Facilities Operations (NN CFO) staff supported a wide range of projects to the Kitt Peak and Tucson facilities. During the first part of the year, significant staff efforts were made to oversee the contracted renovation efforts for the new LSST project space. Once the initial contracted renovation was completed, staff continued to provide support throughout the year with furniture procurement needs and the relocation of their existing staff. As part of LSST's space development needs, department staff renovated existing mezzanine office space to provide additional office space. Prior to the summer, staff were again asked to support the closure and removal of items from the old instrument store and to renovate the area to accommodate office space needs for REU's summer program. During the year, staff also focused on overseeing several contracted facility projects that included: replacement of 40-year-old sprinkler heads in the east wing basement; replacement of the main building fire alarm system; and replacement of outdated fire alarm sensors in the main computer room. Routine maintenance efforts continued throughout the year with significant repairs made to several critical building air handling units, the main facility's main cooling unit, and the Flex Facility instrument cooler. To improve the buildings' environmental control and help reduce operating costs, aging single-pane windows are being replaced throughout the facility with new, energy-efficient units. More than 25 windows were replaced as part of the redevelopment of the LSST space, and an additional 8 windows were replaced by staff at various locations throughout the year. Tucson staff also provided technical support to several Kitt Peak-based projects during the year. An architectural/engineering firm was contracted to perform a general engineering and code evaluation of the electrical distribution system in the mountains. This effort resulted in a redesign and contract project to replace the main switch and automatic transfer switch on the Mayall 4m telescope to meet current electrical codes. Additional projects are planned in the coming years to correct code compliance issues in the mountain electrical system. Technical assistance was also provided for various Kitt Peak projects during the year, including seeking professional surveying services to define the 7-foot facility area for an NSF sublease; various NSF consultants evaluating NSO and KPNO mountain facilities; development of plans and supervision of the contractor for the planned replacement of Mayall's 4m main fire alarm control panel; and developing options to extend the fiber computer network system to Southwest Ridge tenants. Other support was provided to CTIO staff in their efforts to repair their power supply problems on the mountain and in preparing for the implementation of the new Kitt Peak Mountain Operations Plan. FY15 Milestone Status Work with contractors and staff to prepare office space to house the LSST engineering design and construction team in the former KPNO engineering wing. Status: COMPLETED. During the year, staff worked with vendors to prepare design documents and obtain contracted services to renovate the old engineering wing into new office space. Staff prepared the space for the hiring effort and then coordinated closely with LSST staff to obtain furniture, move staff into the area, and meet other needs requested by new occupants. Continue targeted building retrofit and renovation efforts at NOAO North to address building deficiencies and program space demands. Status: In progress. The staff worked on various renovation projects throughout the year to accommodate the needs of the program. The vacated mezzanine office area was renovated to provide space for additional LSST staff. Completely renovated basement electronic parts store for 40

44GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS accommodates summer students in the REU program. The room now provides a multi-use area for a variety of short- and long-term staff activities. A contracted replacement of the main building fire alarm control panel has also been completed. Other efforts included routinely updating office finishes among the occupants. Continue ongoing programs to update various restrooms and fixtures to improve water conservation efforts, interior finishes, and accessibility. Status: In progress. Building renovation efforts allowed for no more than routine repairs during the year. In some locations, routine repairs have resulted in the replacement of some fixtures and flush valves to help improve operations and water conservation. A new ADA compliant drinking fountain with a bottle fill option was installed to reduce plastic waste. Program efforts are anticipated to continue next year. Continue the ongoing window upgrade program to replace the original single-pane exterior windows in the various buildings to improve energy efficiency and reduce solar heat gain. Status: The renovation of KPNO's engineering wing incorporated the replacement of 26 single-pane windows with new energy-saving double-pane windows. Targeted replacement of deteriorated single-pane windows has also been underway at the main building and La Quinta complex, with several windows completed. In addition, bidding documents have been prepared to seek the replacement of the main building's lobby entrance single-pane storefront system with a new, energy-efficient, double-pane system within the next year. Continue with the program to update and/or replace deteriorated or obsolete parts of the mechanical air distribution system and its associated piping and valves of the heating/cold water system. Status: In progress. As part of the engineering wing renovation, numerous parts of the duct system were upgraded or replaced and new or missing duct insulation was installed. During the year, a failed 25 horsepower fan motor was replaced for a critical air handling unit, and a faulty fan bearing was replaced in another major air handling unit. Numerous old thermostats were recalibrated and pump systems adjusted to address concerns with the chilled water system. Ducts and grills continue to be checked and cleaned as part of the ongoing renovation of the space. The original supplier replaced a compressor failure on the new primary chiller unit in the fourth quarter. New large automated chilled water valves have also been procured and are scheduled to be installed in the chilled water piping system during the upcoming winter heating season. 4.2.4 NOAO North IT Infrastructure Services Program Review FY15 To highlight a point mentioned below: A long-term effort to move the NOAO-Tucson/Kitt Peak authentication system to an Active Directory (AD) server was completed. Currently, we use a single username and password for email, internal and mobile wireless, VPN access, and login to servers and workstations. We hope to soon use this same system for spam quarantine boxes, UltiPro, web timesheets, Reqless, CASNet, etc. The 15-year-old firewall/gateway system that connects the NOAO-Tucson/Kitt Peak networks to the University of Arizona network (and thus to the various Internets) has been replaced with a much faster system. Due to bugs in Cisco software, the dedicated VPN tunnels connecting NOAO-Tucson 41

45NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT The network with LSST and NSO/DKIST remote offices moved from the main firewall to another box. The interface hardware has also been upgraded to support 10 Gbps connections to the Internet and Kitt Peak in anticipation of future increases in bandwidth. New versions of the core log server, the core Windows update server, and the Snort intrusion detection system were installed. A new version of the Cisco box that supports AnyConnect VPN access has been installed. A new version of the Barracuda SpamBuster appliance has been installed. Two non-functioning GPS/NTP clock units were replaced with refurbished units. Status of FY 2015 Milestones Absorb the few remaining unmanaged Windows systems in Tucson and Kitt Peak into the NOAO North Windows Active Directory (ad.tuc.noao.edu) and install Shavlik autopatch and antivirus software . Once the Windows computers are part of Active Directory, use group policies to enforce the account and password lockout policies required by AURA. Status: This effort is basically complete. Approximately 125 Windows machines are connected to the AD. Absorb the approximately 100 Mac and Linux operating system workstations and laptops running on the Tucson and Kitt Peak networks into NOAO North's active directory using Centrify software. Once those computers are part of Active Directory, use group policies to enforce the account and password lockout policies required by AURA. Status: This effort continues. Approximately 45 Mac, Linux and FreeBSD systems are connected to the AD. Continue the effort to create custom DMZ settings for Internet-facing servers such as ftp.noao.edu, www.noao.edu, email.noao.edu, and ssh.noao.edu. Check and plan to do the same for servers managed by groups outside of NN CIS. Status: The necessary router hardware is already in place in Tucson - we hope to isolate ftp.noao.edu during the first few months of fiscal year 2016. The effort at Kitt Peak to isolate tenant networks from the NOAO network and from each other ran into problems caused by limitations in the KP backbone switch. A replacement switch has been installed and is operational to support the existing tenant networks, the future tenant network at 2.1m, and the new networks generated by the installation of fiber connections to the observatories on the southwest ridge. Implement a centralized control system for many of the wireless access points installed in the NOAO-Tucson complex. Such a system will simplify the configuration of the approximately 30 access points and allow them to cooperate with a centralized power/channel operations plan. Status: COMPLETED. We are currently using 45 wireless access points and an average of more than 150 wireless connections per business day. Undertake a series of related projects leading up to the goal of a single password for email, VPN, wireless, Active Directory login, web timecards, Reqless, CASNet, and UltiPro. Status: We have successfully completed our move to Active Directory server for one-time password authentication for our email server, AnyConnect VPN system, NOAO-Wifi within the wireless network, Eduroam wireless roaming, server logins and AD workstation logins. Soon we will install a new Barracuda SpamBuster device that will use this password to access the 42

46QUARANTINE OF OPERATIONS OF THE GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVATION SYSTEM. In the not too distant future, we hope to work with AURA-CAS to use this password for UltiPro, web timesheets, and services like Reqless and CASNet. 4.3 NOAO SYSTEM SCIENCE CENTER A key component of NOAO's mission is to manage and provide community access to a number of ground-based facilities, consisting of a wide range of instruments on telescopes of all apertures. The NOAO System Science Center (NSSC) provides the interface to this facility system offering community access time. The NSSC mission incorporates a wide range of responsibilities, some of which are focused on current facilities and involve observing time management and data archiving, while other efforts are concerned with evolving towards a future system consisting of currently planned telescopes, such as TMT, and huge data sets. from future large surveys, such as LSST or DESI. NSSC consists of four programs to fulfill its broad mandate: System User Support (SUS), Scientific Data Management (SDM), Time Allocation Committee (TAC), and System Community Development (SCD). SUS provides user support for open access time on telescopes not managed by NOAO; in fiscal year 2015, most of that time was spent on the Gemini-N and Gemini-S telescopes, so much of SUS's effort is directed at the US Gemini user community. SUS provides support the user throughout the observation process, including proposal preparation, submission, observation, and post-observation data reduction. The TAC manages the submission of observer proposals to NOAO (Phase I), manages the TAC panel meetings each semester to scientifically classify the proposals, maintains the web pages and issues a Call for Proposals document (and associated web pages). each semester it provides all of the information needed to submit a proposal to NOAO. SDM is responsible for archiving all raw data from the NOAO facility, as well as processing all data from selected imagers. Additionally, SDM supports future NOAO projects that require planning for data transport, archiving, or pipelines. SCD plans for the future needs of the user community in light of the expected evolution of open access facilities as well as large open access data sets. In fiscal year 2015, SDM devoted more and more efforts to the development of a data lab for the user community to use large data sets for scientific exploration, work on a transient event broker (ANTARES) in collaboration with the Department of Computer Science from the University of Arizona and work with TMT. about a possible future Participation Plan on behalf of NSF. 4.3.1 System User Support FY 2015 Program Review System User Support (SUS) staff supported NOAO's Time Allocation Committee (TAC) by conducting technical reviews of Gemini proposals and answering technical questions during TAC meetings and before the Gemini International Time Allocation Committee (ITAC). ). SUS represented the American community at the ITAC. SUS has also been keeping the US community informed about new Gemini initiatives, such as the Big Long Programs and Rapid Change Observing Modes with Gemini, the Future & Science of Gemini Observatory Meeting, and the AAS Workshop. SUS on near-infrared data analysis. SUS participated in the organization of the Toronto meeting, Future & Science of Gemini Observatory. The SUS chief was a member of the Scientific Organizing Committee and chair of the Galactic Astronomy and Gemini Instrument Feasibility Studies (GIFS) sessions of the meeting. she 43

47NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT was invited to give a talk on the US vision for the future of Gemini operations, including science highlights, most/least used instruments, and selection of future instruments. Finally, the SUS completed the website of the Gemini National Office (NGO) for data analysis (http://ast.noao.edu/nssc/usngo). Status of FY 2015 Milestones Provide a second quarter FY 2015 effort toward post-observation support for Gemini observers based on the expected continued transfer to Gemini staff of Phase II support for US-led Gemini Observation (started as a trial in the 2014B semester): (1) By establishing data analysis workshops at the AAS, the first of which will be an IR reduction workshop nearby, with other workshops in the series to be held on topics based on specific user feedback; (2) By establishing a dedicated website to provide support materials for data post-processing, with plans to include a guided example for Gemini Planet Imager data analysis and an expanded FAQ document for the Comprehensive Field Unit and the Nod-and-Shuffle mode of the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph. Status: The NOAO/SUS Data Reduction Workshop at the Winter 2015 AAS meeting was a success. A workshop is currently being planned for 2016, with the topic Adaptive Optics Data Analysis. (2) The website is active and has received a large amount of traffic. The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) sample is included on the web page, along with other elements. Provide user support as needed for open access, NOAO allocated time in the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) array and the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). Status: 2015B support to TAC members on technical issues for CHARA and AAT was available on a case-by-case basis. We also conduct technical reviews of all joint NASA proposals. Represent the US National Gemini Office (NGO) on the Gemini Operations Task Force and participate in joint Gemini/NGO meetings to discuss all operational issues. Status: The Head of SUS participated in the meeting of the Operations Working Group (OpsWG) in August 2015, presenting the partner's report and also, as a separate presentation, the report on the Gemini/NGO Phase II business report of USA Represent the US National Gemini Office on the International Time Allocation Committee. Status: The head of the NGO and another member of the NGO participated in the ITAC meetings on behalf of the US partner. There were also frequent consultations with the NOAO TAC leader. Host a workshop on Gemini Data Reduction during the January 2015 AAS meeting. Status: COMPLETED. A successful NOAO/SUS Near Infrared Data Reduction Workshop was held at the AAS Winter 2015 meeting. Speakers for the 2016 workshop have already been recruited. Provide support (such as panel orientation materials and on-call support) to the Time Allocation Committee (TAC) for Gemini and other selected facilities offered through the Call for Proposals from NOAO. Status: COMPLETED. Provide technical reviews after the two FY15 Time Allocation Committee meetings of all top-ranking programs to identify and eliminate technically unfeasible programs. Status: COMPLETED. 44

48GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS 4.3.2 Science Data Management FY15 Program Review Science Data Management (SDM) supports the data management needs of NOAO and its user community. Raw data from Kitt Peak, Cerro Tololo, and SOAR at Cerro Pachn are captured and archived in the NOAO Science Archive (NSA). Data from NOAO's wide-field imagers (DECam, Mosaic, and NEWFIRM) are processed through science pipelines and data products are archived. SDM continues to develop its major new initiative, the NOAO Data Lab. IRAF data reduction software is also supported at a low level. The volume of data stored and served by the NSA has grown dramatically since the start of operations with DECam in 2012. Approximately 73% of the 210TB of raw data at the NSA belongs to DECam. The amount of public (i.e. non-proprietary) DECam data has increased to 72%, including the first year of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and all data from the DECam Legacy Survey (DECaLS). The data calibrated by the DECam community pipeline is becoming a valuable resource not only for the original researchers, but also for a broader community of archive users. The first major publications based on public DES data downloaded from the NSA appeared this year, and many other users are accessing and retrieving public DECam data from the Archive. The primary focus of archive development during fiscal year 2015 was a major upgrade of the Archive and Portal infrastructure, in particular, updating third-party software and improving the future maintainability of the system. Enhancements have included an improved file download manager, performance improvements, expansion of portal limits in search results, updating most third-party software to current versions, and a redesigned query interface featuring custom forms. to access the survey data, initially for DES and DECALS. Although not complete, a prototype image preview feature for reduced data has been added to the portal interface. In Q1, the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data management team delivered its first reduced and calibrated data products to NOAO, with further SNe data deliveries in Q2. These have been reformatted and ingested into the Archive and are being served to the community. Another major DECam survey, DECaLS, uses standard community pipe drawdowns that are now publicly available on file with NOAO. The DECaLS team produced its Data Release 1 (DR1) in Q3, which is available on a dedicated server (http://legacysurvey.org); its aggregated mosaic data products, including catalogs, have been delivered to NOAO and will be delivered through the NOAO Archive as well as with DR2 delivery. SDM continued to operate data processing pipelines for DECam, Mosaic, and NEWFIRM, and the reduced data products for all of these are on file. All pODI data has been reprocessed with the latest pipeline version and delivered to the Indiana University Portal, Pipeline, and Archive (PPA) system. SDM also captured and piped processed image data from the BASS program on the 90-prime instrument on the Bok 2.3m telescope. An updated version of the NOAO Data Manual was published in the second quarter, including major revisions to the introductory chapter on NOAO data holdings and the Archive, along with revisions to the Mosaic and NEWFIRM chapters and a new chapter on DECam. A second release in the third quarter included a chapter on C/KOSMOS spectrographs. A cookbook for C/KOSMOS data processing was also written in the fourth quarter and will soon be publicly available. An SDM Program Managers Review was held in mid-September, with presentations on the status and plans for the filing system, pipeline systems, operations, Data Lab, and Time Analysis and Response System to Arizona-NOAO (ANTARES) Events. SDM staff and other NOAO scientists participated in the highly successful NOAO Data Lab Conceptual Design Review (CoDR) which took place in March 2015. A variety of documents were prepared for the review: Case Studies Scientific Use Document (SUC), Scientific Requirements Document (SRD), Operational Concepts Document (OCD), Operational Requirements Document (ORD), System Architecture Document (SAD) and the Project Execution Plan (PEP) with the associated Gantt chart. The Data Lab will provide services 45

49NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT and interfaces for working with selected large data sets and, in particular, the massive catalogs of DES and other NOAO survey programs. The NSA's cumulative holdings of DECam data are becoming an increasingly valuable resource for archival research and already cover a significant fraction of the southern and equatorial sky. Status of FY 2015 Milestones Continue operation in the fourth quarter of FY 2015 of NOAO's data management system, including data capture, transport, archiving, and user access to all observed data by NOAO. Routinely process and archive all Mosaic, NEWFIRM and DECam data products. Continue support for data management systems for Mosaic, NEWFIRM, KOSMOS and COSMOS. Status: NOAO's data management system continued to function smoothly, with no major problems or failures reported. Data from all NOAO telescopes/instruments was securely captured and archived. NOAO pipelines reduced Mosaic, NEWFIRM, DECam, and pODI data shortly after raw data ingestion. A new science pipeline was developed for the 90-prime imager on the Bok 2.3m telescope, and raw and reduced data from the BASS program were entered into the NOAO Science Archive. Collect all single frame thumbnail images from the DES study team's first year of dark energy study, reformat the images and their metadata as needed, and archive to the NOAO science archive during the first quarter FY 2015. Status: All Year One DES single-frame thumbnails, excluding supernova observations, were delivered to SDM by the DES study team in the first quarter and immediately upon receipt were reformatted and archived in the NOAO Science Archive. DES supernova observations were received in the second quarter and processed upon receipt. Complete automation of data management system components (i.e., data capture, data archiving, user management, system monitoring, and system alerts) during the third quarter of fiscal year 2015 to facilitate upgrade deployment system and new versions of system components. Status: Puppet configuration management for automatic deployment of NSA v2.3.1 and NSA v2.3.2 to production system has been implemented. NSA v2.5.1, the latest infrastructure update defined in the Archive Infrastructure Plan, was tested and delivered to Operations for implementation in early FY 2016. Migrate data sets from NOAO Survey Archive to NOAO Science Archive NOAO (correct survey data headers as needed) and implement Portal interface changes required for search and retrieval of survey data sets during the second quarter of FY15. Status: During In fiscal year 2015, DES Year One thumbnail images were received, reformatted, and archived. Data from the first version of DECaLS (DR1) was also received, but vital metadata was missing from the image tile headers making archiving of the data difficult. An analysis was performed and a document was written to inform the DECaLS team (and other survey teams) of the metadata and file formats required to facilitate ingestion into the NOAO Science Archive. DECaLS data will be incorporated with DR2 delivery in the first quarter of FY 2016. All future study data sets delivered to NOAO will be archived in the NOAO Science Archive. In FY 2016, as time permits, older survey data sets from the Survey Archive will be migrated to the Scientific Archive. Update the pODI pipeline during the second quarter of FY2015 to support the pODI instrument update 5 5. 46

50GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS Status: NOAO's pODI Science Pipeline was not updated to reduce data from the 5 6 Enhanced ODI instrument. Instead, the pODI Quick Reduce pipeline developed in Wisconsin has been updated to support the updated ODI instrument in Indiana University's Pipeline, Portal, and Archive (PPA) system. All pODI data was reprocessed with the latest version of pODI Science Pipeline, and the reduced data was delivered to Indiana University for incorporation into the PPA system. Implement SDM Archive Infrastructure Upgrade Plan during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: Archive infrastructure upgrade plan was completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015. Prepare the concept of operations, the operations requirements and system architecture documents and submissions in support of the data lab conceptual design review and development of the data lab project execution plan during the second quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: All Previous documents were completed in early March in preparation for the CoDR Data Lab in mid-March. The Project Execution Plan and Gantt chart have been modified in accordance with the recommendations received from the CoDR review panel. Develop a VOSpace implementation and support the SMASH and Bulge projects, especially in the area of ​​tools for catalog visualization and analysis during Q2Q3 of FY15. Status: A full-featured Java implementation of VOSpace was developed and demonstrated at the CoDR Data Lab and for the AURA Observatory User Council and Committee, with very positive feedback. Full user testing and development will be completed by the beginning of fiscal year 2016. A VOSPACE feature-compliant Python implementation intended for distribution is still in development. A Table Access Protocol (TAP) service was implemented to provide access to the databases created from the SMASH and DECaLS catalogs, as well as the catalogs and light curves created by the data scientist in the data lab from year one supernovae data from the Dark Energy Survey. 4.3.3 System Community Development FY 2015 Program Review LSST Science System Community Development (SCD) scientists, in collaboration with the Scientific Data Management (SDM) group, completed conceptual work for the NOAO Data Lab and began development in FY 2015. The purpose of the Data Lab will be to help users efficiently explore and analyze the large data sets and catalogs generated by NOAO's wide-field instruments. NOAO, with special emphasis on the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) data sets. NOAO's current DECam holdings include object frames totaling more than 370TB of data covering nearly the entire sky; these farms will at least double in size in the next few years. The data lab infrastructure, scheduled to launch publicly in FY17, will include services to provide rapid access to relevant pixel data, enable efficient sharing of analyzes and results within collaborations, enable scientific workflows to be run close to the data and provide a facility for publishing new data sets. The concept was reviewed by a Concept Design Review (CoDR) panel during March 1617, 2015, by panel members Lisa Storrie-Lombardi (IPAC, Chair), Sverin Gaudet (NRC/CADC), Constance Rockosi (UCSC) , Beth Willman (Haverford College ), and eljko Ivezi (U. Washington/LSST). The review panel strongly endorsed the Data Lab concept, while recommending that the Data Lab team focus on providing core data and catalog access and browsing services before developing more complex services, such as custom user workflows. . Work began on the necessary infrastructure to support the Data Lab, including the virtual storage service, the implementation of the database, and the data access mechanisms. a job 47

51NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT The data access service, using Table Access Protocol (TAP), was populated with catalog data including DECaLS Data Release 1, a SMASH dataset, and USNO catalogs -A2 and USNO-B. The TAP service also contains catalogs of the DES supernova fields created from a quick view SourceExtractor-based pipeline developed by the Data Lab group to explore the needs of time domain science. The Data Lab team developed a science demo using the TAP service to demonstrate the discovery of the low surface brightness dwarf galaxy Hydra II (Martin et al. 2015, ApJL, 804, L5) in the SMASH data, as well as a demo highlighting the capabilities of virtual storage space. In collaboration with the University of Arizona (UA) Department of Computer Science (CS), NOAO scientists continued to develop a prototype software infrastructure for characterizing and distributing survey-discovered events in the time domain. The Arizona-NOAO Temporal Analysis and Event Response System (ANTARES) was funded with a AU award from the NSF in September 2013 (CISE AST-1344024). The grant includes funding for a postdoctoral position in astronomy (paid through the UA CS Department, but resident at NOAO), with the postdoc beginning work in the first quarter. The astronomy portion of the ANTARES team (NOAO scientists and the postdoc) began to assemble and compare catalogs that will be used to provide ancillary data for alerts processed by the software system. The prototype database has been created and installed on NOAO machines. Furthermore, using Ridgway et al. (2014, ApJ, 796, 53), the ANTARES team developed during the first quarter a method to quantitatively estimate how unusual a change in brightness would be for a galactic star based on studies of empirical variability and models of galactic structure. The team developed software tools to assess this for any given alert. Beginning in April 2015, the team began demoing the ANTARES software infrastructure. All of the major individual software components exist and have been tested in demos that were publicly presented at various meetings, including Hot-Wiring the Transient Universe IV (Santa Barbara), The Dynamic Universe: Understanding ExaScale Astronomical Synoptic Surveys (Aspen Center for Physics ), and the XXIX General Assembly of the IAU (Honolulu). Collaboration with the CS Department was expanded, adding an additional faculty member with visualization expertise and enabling the development of advanced tools to understand how astronomical features can be used to classify alerts. NOAO staff closely follow the development of LSST programming metrics and represent the interests of the community in their specification and testing. NOAO staff participated in the Scientific Organizing Committee for the August 2015 LSST Observing Strategy Workshop, participated in the planning of the objectives and the organization of the program, and contributes to the white paper that will be published as a result of the workshop. Internal reports were prepared by NOAO staff in support of the Data Lab, ANTARES, and other community and NOAO related LSST issues: 1) The LSST Alert System forced photometry requirement, 2) Quality Assurance in the analysis of Big Data, 3) The NOAO Variable Sky Project and Implications for the ANTARES Project, 4) An Optimized Cadence for LSST: The Optimal Unit Method, 5) Requirements for Variable Target Science with Data Lab, and 6) Science Interfaces for Big Data. These reports have been posted on the NOAO intranet and Data Lab wiki. Finally, NOAO hosted a workshop, Tools for Big Astronomical Data, on March 911, 2015 in Tucson to examine the state of the art in addressing the challenges of conduct research with large astronomical data sets. Topics covered by the workshop included 1) visualizing large data sets, 2) a survey of efficient algorithms for processing large data sets, 3) efficient development of and interaction with large databases, and 4) the use of machine learning methodologies to explore the properties of large data sets. The two and a half day program included 26 presentations in a 50/50 mix of invited talks vs. contributed; Posters were also presented. All talks are available online at the NOAO workshop website (www.noao.edu/meetings/bigdata/). The attendance had 130 participants, which far exceeded the goal of 80 attendees. The workshop activities were also publicized by energetic tweets among the participants. Overall, it became clear that there are now several software solutions available for sophisticated visualization of large multidimensional data sets. The community has also adopted a set of algorithmic or machine learning methods to classify structure or identify interesting elements from large 48

52GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS data sets. The attendees were very enthusiastic about the program and expressed a strong desire to make this a regular event. TMT Community Outreach 2015 marked the third year of a five-year cooperative agreement between NSF and the Thirty Meter Telescope Observatory (TMT) Corporation, the goal of which is to engage the US astronomical community in planning for a possible NSF investment and involvement in the TMT project. AURA is an Associate Member of the TMT International Observatory, LLC (TIO), with representation on the TIO Board and the TMT Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC). NOAO is in charge of executing AURA's TMT engagement activities and responsibilities and has established a US TMT Liaison Office for this purpose. NOAO has formed a US TMT Science Working Group (SWG), comprised of astronomers spanning a range of scientific expertise, drawn from non-TMT US partner institutions. The SWG is charged with engaging with others in the astronomy community on US participation in TMT and considering models for that participation and how it might shape TMT operations, instrumentation, data management and other issues. The SWG is in the process of preparing a US TMT Science Plan, which is an element of the US TMT National Participation Plan to be delivered to NSF as a product of the NSF-TMT cooperative agreement. NOAO staff member M. Dickinson continued to chair the US TMT SWG. In fiscal year 2015, the SWG focused on writing its report to the NSF. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2015, the US TMT SWG conducted an online survey directed primarily at the US astronomy community, asking about TMT's priorities regarding science programs, the instrumentation, data management, modes of operation, time allocation, and the potential level of US federal investment in the project. 467 people responded to this survey, and the SWG is using this information as input for its report to the NSF. The SWG met face to face in Seattle during the AAS meeting in January and again in Washington, DC, before the TMT Science Forum in June. A draft of the US TMT Engagement Plan is in final review and will be submitted to NSF in November 2015. After receiving NSF's comments, the final report is expected in early 2016. published articles on NOAO's TMT liaison activities in the March 2015 NOAO Newsletter and September 2015. NOAO and TMT hosted a TMT Open House at the January 2015 AAS meeting. This included short presentations by Michael Bolte (UCSC) on the status of the TMT project and M. Dickinson (NOAO) on SWG community outreach activities, including a summary of the results of the SWG US community survey on TMT. There was a question and answer period, followed by informal but structured discussions with the audience on various TMT-related topics, led by members of the US TMT SWG and TMT staff astronomers. This event drew an audience of approximately 350 participants. Dickinson chaired the Scientific Organizing Committee (SOC) for the 2015 TMT Science Forum, which was held in Washington, DC, on June 23, 2015 at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) headquarters and at the Mayflower Renaissance Hotel. The TMT Forum is an annual conference that brings together scientists from the international TMT collaboration. It is also the best opportunity for US astronomers to learn and get involved with TMT. NSF is supporting members of the US community to attend the meeting through its cooperative agreement with TMT. About 140 participants, including 82 from the broader US community, attended the 2015 TMT Forum, which featured invited scientific presentations; discussion sessions on topics of operations, instrumentation, and TMT education, outreach, and workforce development; and a full day of parallel thematic working sessions organized by the TMT's International Science Development Teams (ISDTs). ISDTs are thematic scientific groups that help and advise the TMT project and serve as a way to build an international community of scientists among TMT partners. Membership is open to all PhD-holding scientists and is an opportunity for members of the US community to become involved in TMT science planning. There are annual calls for new members in the ISDTs, and NOAO advertised these opportunities to the US community, a process that contributed to the largest number of new applications in both 2014 and 2015. 56 US astronomers from institutions other than Caltech or UC are now ISDT 49

53NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 members, accounting for 28% of the total. ISDT contributed extensively to a comprehensive update of TMT's Detailed Scientific Case (DSC), a basic document outlining the scientific motivations for building a thirty-meter telescope. The new DSC was completed and accepted in April 2015. ISDTs were subsequently asked to develop concepts for TMT Key Projects science programs that could achieve new transformative science using TMT, but would likely require large investments of lead time. observation, perhaps beyond the capabilities of any individual TMT partner and therefore potentially require a cross-association time allocation process. ISDTs submitted 23 proposals for key projects in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015; The PIs or co-PIs of 10 of these (43%) were members of the US community at large outside of current TMT partners. Dickinson also chaired TMT's Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC). Hosted SAC meetings in Pasadena (October 2015 and April 2015), Seattle (January 2015), and Washington, DC (June 2015) and reported on SAC meetings and activities at Board of Governors meetings of the TMT International Observatory (TIO). . Optical Interferometry Science Four community programs, recommended by the NOAO TAC, were accepted for the 2015 CHARA Array observing program and on the CHARA schedule. The NOAO-GSU agreement for community access has been extended through calendar year 2016. The September 2015 call for proposals was oversubscribed by a factor of five. NOAO staff continue to consult on the CHARA adaptive optics (AO) upgrade as Phase I of the implementation nears completion. Phase II prototyping recently demonstrated a high-order correction of atmospheric aberrations at 700 nm. The collaboration will continue as CHARA staff complete Phase II of the AO installation, per NSF MRI proposal 1531856. AO promises higher scientific performance, with more useful nights, improved limiting sensitivity, and higher data quality. The System Roadmap Committee The System Roadmap Committee had no activity in FY15. FY15 Milestone Status LSST Science Create by Q1 FY15 the set of core documents needed to form the NOAO Data Lab Conceptual Design: Science User Case, Science Requirements, Concept of Operations, Requirements of operations, system architecture and project execution plan. Status: COMPLETED. All documents were shared with the Concept Design Review panel and with the NSF in March 2015. With the exception of the Project Execution Plan, all are publicly available at http://datalab.noao.edu. Conduct a conceptual design review of the NOAO Data Lab in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015 with a panel of external reviewers. Status: COMPLETED. The CoDR panel strongly supported the data lab concept and recommended that it be continued, with some recommendations for re-prioritization. These recommendations were outlined in a report received by NOAO in April 2015. The Data Lab teams' response to the report was provided to the CoDR panel in May 2015. Develop prototype Data Lab capabilities during Q4 FY15 using two community-led DECam observing programs: the SMASH (PI: D. Nidever) and Galactic Bulge (PI: A. Saha) surveys. fifty

54GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS Status: Ongoing. A prototype SMASH catalog was incorporated into a database and made accessible through a Table Access Protocol (TAP) service. A prototype of an analysis light curve generation tool based on the SMASH catalog was created. Create a prototype database in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 of astronomical knowledge from multi-wavelength catalogs for the Arizona-NOAO Temporal Analysis and Event Response System (ANTARES). Status: Prototype built and installed on NOAO machines. The expansion is underway. Develop software in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015 to generate variability probability distributions based on position in the sky. Status: COMPLETED. The software is based on the empirical variability of stars observed by the Kepler satellite (Ridgway et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 53) representing a wide range of stellar classes. It uses a published model of the galaxy to scale this empirical variability to match the expected stellar population along any line of sight to predict variability. With this information, the software allows the estimation of how unusual any galactic variable may be without direct knowledge of the source, for use by ANTARES. Create initial tooling in Q3 FY15 to generate synthetic alert flow. Status: Initial tools created in Q4 (delayed by demo system rollout). Define the structure and algorithms for the first stage of alert filtering by the Arizona-NOAO Temporal Analysis and Event Response System (ANTARES) during Q3Q4 of FY15. Status: First stage alert filters created in Q3 and Q4. Write and distribute in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 the LSST and NOAO observing cadence workshop report. Status: Complete. The report is available at https://project.lsst.org/meetings/ocw/sites/lsst.org.meetings.ocw/files/ 2014CadenceWorkshopReport.pdf. Host a workshop in Q3 FY15 on Practical Big Data. Status: COMPLETED. The workshop was held on March 911, 2015 and 130 people attended. All talks are available at www.noao.edu/meetings/bigdata/. Write and distribute in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015 the report of the practical Big Data workshop. Status: The workshop chair, T. Lauer, has prepared a brief summary of the workshop, which will be distributed as we plan for the next workshop. Workshop presentations are available at www.noao.edu/meetings/bigdata/schedule.php. TMT Community Outreach Lead the activities of the US TMT Scientific Working Group (SWG). This consists of the TMT Liaison maintaining and updating SWG membership, helping set its agenda, and organizing monthly (or as as needed) and face-to-face meetings at the TMT Science Forum and at other times as needed. Status: The US TMT SWG continued its activities, meeting regularly by teleconference and in person in January and June 2015. 51

55NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Lead the US TMT Scientific Working Group (SWG) in producing a draft US TMT Engagement Plan for NSF in the second quarter of FY 2015. Status: The SWG is now completing the draft US TMT Engagement Plan and plans to submit it to the NSF in the first quarter of FY 2016. Host and attend (as chair) quarterly meetings of the TMT Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), organize regular teleconferences of the TMT SAC co-chairs, participate (remotely, as SAC chair) in weekly TMT project meetings, and participate in weekly teleconferences with the TMT-Participation Group NOAO Community Status: As TMT SAC Chair, Dickinson hosted and attended SAC meetings in Pasadena (October 2014 and April 2015), Seattle (January 2015), and Washington, DC (June 2015) and subsequent Board meetings from TIO in Hawaii (October 2014) and Pasadena (February 2015; April 2015). Dickinson was unable to attend the July 2015 TIO Board meeting in person, but provided the SAC report delivered there. He hosted conference calls for the TMT SAC co-chairs and regularly participated in TMT project meetings and TMT-NOAO community engagement conference calls. Participate in organizing a TMT Town Hall event at the January 2015 American Astronomical Society (AAS) meeting and planning a subsequent Town Hall in January 2016. Status: NOAO and TMT hosted a TMT Open House event at the AAS January 2015 meeting, with presentations and audience discussion, attended by approximately 350 people. Participate in organizing the third annual TMT Science Forum, which will nominally take place sometime in the summer of 2015. Working with the TMT US Scientific Working Group (SWG), identify and encourage members from the US community to attend the Forum. Status: The 2015 TMT Science Forum was held in Washington, DC, June 23-5, 2015. There were 139 participants, including 82 from US institutions outside of the TMT association. Optical Interferometry Science Negotiate during Q3 FY15 for 2016 community access to the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) array and provide required support to CHARA 2015 weather community users and NOAO's time allocation process during FY 2015. Status: CHARA/NOAO agreement to provide community access through NOAO's TAC has been extended, offering 57 nights in 2016. Recommended programs have been scheduled by the TAC for 2015 and NOAO staff support will be available as needed. 4.3.4 Time Allocation Committee Program Review FY15 NOAO offered peer-reviewed open access time on 12 telescopes for the 2015A semester: Mayall 4 m, WIYN 3.5 m, and KP 0.9 m at Kitt Peak; the Blanco 4m, SOAR 4.1m and SMARTS 1.5m, 1.3m and 0.9m telescopes on Cerro Tololo; the Gemini North and South telescopes; the Anglo Australian Telescope (AAT); and the CHARA interferometric array. A total of 354 proposals requesting 878 nights were received before the proposal deadline of September 30, 2014. Standard proposal statistics are available at www.noao.edu/gateway/tac/obsreqs15a.html. The Time Allocation Committee (TAC) for 2015A met in Tucson on October 2731, 2014. There are 7 panels that make up the TAC: 3 galactic, 3 extragalactic, and 1 solar system, with each panel having five 52

56GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS voting members and a non-voting chairman. TAC membership is available at www.noao.edu/gateway/tac.html. The TAC process was led and chaired by the NSSC Associate Director and also involved the TAC Program Coordinator and Software Support Manager. The process was successfully completed, with notices of TAC score results and reports sent to PIs (by email) on December 15, 2014. For semester 2015B, NOAO offered peer-reviewed open access time at 11 telescopes: same list of telescopes as 2015A except CHARA (all A and B semester time in CHARA was allocated during the 2015A TAC process). There were 311 regular proposals requesting 752 nights of telescope time received by the March 31, 2015 proposal deadline. The TAC panels for 2015B met in Tucson on May 48, 2015, with 8 panels meeting this time in out of 7. Panels consisted of 3 Galactic, 3 Extra-Galactic, 1 Solar System, and a newly formed panel constituted to review exoplanet proposals submitted to WIYN as a result of the NASA-NSF Exoplanet Observational Guest Observer (GO) program Research (NN-EXPLORE): This is called the NASA WIYN Panel. The 2015B semester process was managed by the same NOAO staff as for the 2015A semester. Standard proposal statistics are available at www.noao.edu/gateway/tac/obsreqs15b.html. The results of the TAC rankings, ratings, and reports were sent to the proposing PIs on June 15, 2015. NOAO staff managed the TAC process for the 2015B Gemini Observatories call for Large and Long Programs (GLPs), on behalf of Gemini, with the participation of partners from Gemini, Argentina, Canada and the United States. The GLP TAC panel met in Tucson on April 29, 2015 and was comprised of 6 community members from the US, 2 from Canada, and 1 from Argentina. A total of 24 GLP programs were received requesting 346 hours in Gemini-N in the 2015B semester and 415 hours in Gemini-S in 2015B. Status of milestones for fiscal year 2015 Work with SUS to make calls for regular programs (twice a year) and survey programs (once a year). Status: COMPLETED. In FY15, calls for proposals were issued on March 1, 2015 (for the 2015B semester) and on September 1, 2015 (for the 2016A semester). Due to current time commitments for ongoing NOAO surveys, no survey calls were issued in FY 2015. Coordinate with SUS and non-federal observatories to provide timely technical reviews of proposals. Status: SUS and TAC programs hosted technical reviews of proposals for non-Federal telescopes, which in FY 2015 consisted of proposals for AAT, CHARA, Subaru, and the visiting instrument DSSI on WIYN and Gemini-N. Convene Time Allocation Committee (TAC) panels twice a year to review proposals and provide recommendations to the NOAO director. Status: COMPLETED. During fiscal year 2015, the TAC panels met in Tucson on October 27, 2014 (for the 2015A semester) and May 48, 2015 (for the 2015B semester). Keep the membership of the TAC panels up to date and ensure that they include the expertise required to review the scientific and technical aspects of the proposals. Status: Successfully completed. Work with federal and non-federal observatories to prioritize and schedule approved proposals. 53

57NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Status: Successfully completed. Ensure timely announcements of the results of the time allocation process. Status: Ready. Announcements on proposals submitted for semester 2015A (as of February 1, 2015) were sent to IPs on December 15, 2014. Announcements on proposals submitted for semester 2015B (as of August 1, 2015) were sent to PIs on June 15, 2015. If advised by the NOAO director, manage a NOAO survey call for proposals and call a survey TAC during FY 2015. Status: due to commitments current timeframes for NOAO's ongoing surveys, NOAO management decided not to issue a survey call in FY15. Work with the Gemini Observatory to implement an international TAC panel of the Grande Gemini Program which is managed by NOAO as part of the overall time allocation process. Status: A Grande Gemini Program TAC panel was created for the period beginning with semester 2015B. This panel met in Tucson, at a meeting led and organized by NOAO, on April 28-29, 2015. 4.4 NOAO SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY CENTER The NOAO System Technology Center (NSTC) is responsible for participation from NOAO on technology improvements for the US ground-based optical/infrared system (System). NSTC carries out technical activities necessary to carry out new telescope projects or to improve instrument complements on existing System telescopes operated by NOAO or other entities. The NSTC is supported by a combination of NOAO's base budget and complementary awards, such as the NSF's Renewal of Small Telescopes for Astronomical Research (ReSTAR) award. The main result achieved by NSTC during fiscal year 2015 was the completion of the TripleSpec4 project under the ReSTAR program (see milestone reports below). With the delivery and commissioning of this latest ReSTAR instrument, NSTC has completed its portfolio of work and has been discontinued as a NOAO reporting center at the end of fiscal year 2015. 4.4.1 System Instrumentation FY15 Program Review The ReSTAR Project to build a version of the TripleSpec near-infrared spectrograph for the Blanco 4m telescope came to a successful conclusion in FY15 with delivery and commissioning of the spectrograph in mid-year. The Cornell team visited CTIO for the first two commissionings, in late April and late June 2015, and worked closely with CTIO staff to complete all required commissioning tests and a handful of observations. scientific verification. Cornell's team included a graduate student, Everett Schlawin, who had worked on the TripleSpec4 project shortly after construction began. Dr. Schlawin received his Ph.D. from Cornell during the start-up process and now works as a postdoctoral researcher. 54

58GROUND-BASED O/IR OBSERVING SYSTEM OPERATIONS FY15 Milestone Status Deliver fully integrated detector-controller subsystems for TripleSpec4 to Cornell University for onboarding into the instrument during lab integration. Status: COMPLETED. The system was delivered to Cornell in January 2015 and installed on the instrument with the support of visiting NOAO engineering staff in February 2015. Receive the fully assembled and tested TripleSpec4 instrument on the Blanco 4m telescope. Status: COMPLETED. The instrument was received at CTIO in April 2015. Complete commissioning of TripleSpec4 on the Blanco telescope and release the instrument for scientific use by the US astronomical community. Status: COMPLETED. TripleSpec4 successfully completed two cycles of commissioning on July 3, 2015. It was offered to the US astronomical community for regular observation in the 2015B Semester call for proposals. Cornell provided an acceptance test report documenting the successful completion of all instrument requirements on July 21, 2015. NOAO formally accepted the instrument and closed the construction contract with Cornell. Oversee two TSIP instrumentation projects that are still ongoing (Binospec: a multi-object, double-beam spectrograph for MMT being built by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; and KCWI: an optical integral field spectrograph for Keck) and ensure their completion and closeout of both TSIP project subawards by the end of fiscal year 2015. Status: Ongoing but not completed. Monthly progress reports were received from both projects and status monitoring teleconferences were held with both. Both projects are advancing toward completion, although neither was completed as of the end of fiscal year 2015. NOAO has obtained a no-cost extension of the TSIP award authority in FY16 and has provided no-cost extensions under that authority to the projects. KCWI is now projected to be complete in December 2015, with Binospec likely to be complete sometime in the third quarter of fiscal 2016 (a detailed review of the schedule is underway by the Binospec team as of this writing). 55

59NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT 5 NOAO PROGRAMS 5.1 OFFICE OF SCIENCE FY15 Program Review Monday[email protected]In April, at the request of scientific staff members, the Office of Science (OS) resurrected the traditional Monday morning scientific discussion in Tucson. In the revamped format, we review recent press releases and have special guests from our own scientific staff, as well as colleagues from LSST and the Steward Observatory. In particular, guests included fellow scientists who recently moved to Tucson (B. Willman, D. Nidever, A. Reines) to help people get to know each other. Guest contributions include reviews of scientific articles or meetings attended, as well as discussions of scientific results and work in progress. Feedback has been positive, with some postdocs commenting that the format is a valuable way to interact in a more formal way with other scientific staff. Other staff members have commented that it is a useful way to keep up with what your colleagues are doing. Communication. To communicate NOAO's scientific results to the public and the astronomical community, OS wrote press releases and articles for the Currents e-newsletter, as well as science highlights for the NOAO home page. Using these stories as material, OS also wrote the science section of a KPNO report. Additional stories were requested and edited as science highlights for the NOAO newsletter. Community scientific planning. In collaboration with LSST Deputy Director B. Willman, OS has also begun planning a community science activity to identify and prioritize OIR support capabilities for LSST science. Postdocs. After a successful postdoctoral stint at NOAO, our Goldberg Fellow (and OS trainee) C. Salyk accepted a professorship at Vassar College. Several other postdocs also embarked on new adventures (H. Inami, D. Atlee, J. Kartaltepe). OS organized post-doc farewell events, to which all staff were invited, to celebrate the achievements of our outgoing post-docs and wish them well. Recruitment. OS also reached out to contacts in the astronomy community to help identify and recruit candidates for the NSSDC Associate Director position. OS actively participated in the review process and in the recruitment of the selected candidate. Joint NOAO/Steward colloquium. OS invited and helped organize speakers for the Joint Steward-NOAO Colloquium for Fall 2015. Other. The head of the OS program and the chair of the P&T Committee have written a periodic review policy for senior NOAO staff. OS staff assisted in the planning and implementation of two successful NOAO workshops for FY 2015: Astronomical Big Data Tools (Tucson, Arizona, March 911, 2015) and DECam Community Science Workshop (Tucson, Arizona, 1113 March 2015). 5.2 EDUCATION AND PUBLIC OUTREACH Program Review FY15 The Education and Public Outreach (EPO) group maintained a highly effective and productive educational program in FY15, which is described in detail below. Members of the group were also active in national and international education service with duties, for example, as chairman of the board of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific; Chair of the TMT Workforce, Education and Public Outreach Advisory Board; Member of the AAS Board of Education in Astronomy; member of the LSST Outreach Advisory Board; Chairman of the Education Committee of the International Dark Sky Association; Global Astronomy Month Dark Skies Awareness Chair; Dark International- 56

60PROGRAMS THROUGHOUT NOAO Sky Association Board Member; and Vice President of the IAU Commission 50 for the Protection of Existing and Potential Observatory Sites. The group also published widely in astronomy and science education venues. The following are highlights of the various Education and Public Outreach (EPO) programs and activities that took place during fiscal year 2015. Educational Outreach The EPO North group supported approximately 2-3 Public Outreach events each week throughout the year to a total of more than 143 educational events of Information Requests and Inquiries during the fiscal year. EPO students (October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2015) supported most of these events, which were mostly local community engagement events. About 20% Request Type/Source Number of events related to dark sky education and were hosted at the Tucson Unified School District and Cooper Center for Learning Environmental Information Requests/Inquiries and Astronomy/Science ( phone calls, email - University of Arizona More than 15% of mail-in events and visits/requests for 573 were in support of science events at festivals, fairs, and posters, markers, flyers, etc. family science nights More than 13% were with classroom testing of a new educational dark sky kit for Requests and Inquiries for the use of 985 the International Year of Light 2105, developed by NOAO NOAO imaging with a grant from the IAU More than 10% of events were Total 1,558 producing audio podcasts highlighting NOAO light pollution and science, 9% were Tohono Oodham events, 7% were school star parties, 7% were conference presentations, 6 % were related to the Advancing Informal STEM Learning (AISL) program funded by Colors of Nature NSF; 6% were educator workshops, 3% were Project ASTRO classroom visits, and 5% were other events (eg, Boys & Girls Club STEM activities). Some of the highlights of the event include events for the Tohono Oodham Nation (eg a 2-day tent at Sells Rodeo, 2 school all-star parties, and 2 school science fairs). Supported seven additional fairs and festivals, including the St. Michaels Optics Fest for high school students across Tucson, held for its 10th year, as well as 4-star parties and 13 Cooper Center for Environmental Learning sessions on light pollution. One of the most notable events was our booth at the Tucson Book Festival on March 14 and 15. With our main EPO student (R. Levy) in charge, we had the most successful set of activities so far at that festival. The festival attracts over a hundred thousand people. Dark Skies Education Program During the first quarter, EPO staff convened and co-chaired three educational sessions at the American Geophysical Union conference on faculty development programs teaching authentic science and citizen science; a talk about Globe at Night was given in the citizen science session. Two proposals were awarded (one for the IAU and the other for the OSA Foundation) for the development of a new program on Quality Lighting Teaching Kits (QLT), with the impetus of the International Year of Light (IYL2015). Globe at Night became an official IYL2015 citizen science campaign and preparations were made for the tenth year of campaigns (one per month). The Globe at Night report page is now available in 28 languages. During the second and third quarters of fiscal 2015, EPO staff worked on the development of a new quality lighting teaching kit for the International Year of Light (IYL2015). C. Walker co-hosted a separate session on light pollution problems and solutions at the AAS meeting in January. As part of the IAU International Year of Light: Cosmic Light Working Group for IYL2015, C. Walker and S. Pompea were invited to participate in the IYL2015 opening ceremony in January in Paris. In February, a paper on worldwide variations in artificial skyglow was published in Scientific Reports, co-authored by C. Walker. Globe at Night received over 20,000 data points in a campaign year and was recognized as an IYL2015 Citizen Science Campaign. As an IYL2015 event, the NOAO EPO hosted the first Globe at Nights flash mob measurements in Tucson on Super Pi Day (3.14.15) at 9:26 PM. 57

61NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT A version 1 of the quality lighting teaching kit was completed in March 2015. To test the activities, NOAO EPO staff held a focus group and training meeting with teachers on the activities in mid-April. From mid-April to mid-May, 17 classrooms were visited to observe their testing of activities at the 5th grade, middle, and high school levels. The goal of the Quality Lighting Teaching Kit is to increase student and public awareness of light pollution issues and quality lighting solutions through a teaching kit and hands-on activities. Support for the activities is provided through an online tutorial and Google+ Hangout on Air for instructors. Six activities use quality lighting to solve realistic cases of how light pollution affects wildlife, the night sky, our eyes, energy use, security, and light entry into buildings. An EPO staff member, C. Walker, wrote an article about this and the other IYL2015 Cosmic Lightthemed programs for the AAS Sparks newsletter. NOAO EPO helped organize Global Astronomy Month (GAM) in April through a Globe at Night challenge to 5,000 locations where an observation has been made but not a new one in the past five years. Also for GAM, NOAO EPO co-organized the 6th International Sky and Earth Photography Contest, which highlighted the natural beauty of the night sky and its growing battle against light pollution. The 10 winners of the 2015 contest, selected from around 1,000 entries, are from China, Iceland, Malaysia, Russia, South Africa and the United States. The video of the contest is at https://vimeo.com/130777773. The Globe at Night citizen science campaign on light pollution monitoring continued for 10 moonless nights each month throughout the fiscal year. EPO staff member C. Walker presented a poster and paper at the Light Pollution: Theory, Modeling, and Measurements conference, May 2628, and the Artificial Light at Night conference, May 2931, both in the province from Québec, Canada. C. Walker also made four presentations to the IAU General Assembly in August. Walker and Richard Green (University of Arizona) organized and led the August 1113 Light Pollution Focus Meeting and led the business meeting to shape future plans for Commission B7, Protection of Existing and Potential Observatory Sites . The Gabriela Mistral Dark Sky Sanctuary at the AURA Observatory facility in Chile was designated the world's first International Dark Sky Sanctuary by the International Dark Sky Association. Tohono Oodham Outreach There were a total of 15 outreach events in the Tohono Oodham Nation this year. These events included school tours, star parties, India Day, Truck of Love Summer Camp, juried science fair at Sells Middle School and Tohono Oodham High School, and a two-night camp in Kitt Peak for Ha:san Leadership and Preparatory School. Three students from the Tohono Oodham Nation attended the NSF-funded Colors of Nature Summer Academy. Tohono Oodham Family Night was held at Kitt Peak on May 2. About 400 people attended this event. EPO worked with the KPNO office to advertise to schools and other groups, and recruited NOAO staff to help with this event. A tour and discussion of Kitt Peak was held with the Nation's new superintendent of schools to identify ways we can help them. NOAO staff taught elementary astronomy at Tohono Oodham Community College in the fall 2014 semester. The four-credit lab course met twice a week and had a total of 14 students. The class made several visits to Kitt Peak, concluding with a night of observing with the 0.9m telescope. Changes in the college administration have led to new discussions about how and when astronomy can be taught in the future at the community college. Social Media NOAO has participated in the 365 Days of Astronomy podcast, producing one episode per month highlighting the research of a NOAO astronomer. In addition to these podcasts, five podcasts promoting NOAO's Dark Sky and Globe at Night programs have aired this year. NOAO has more than 2,200 likes on Facebook and more than 1,700 followers on Google+. 58

62NOAO-WIDE PROGRAMS Teaching with Telescopes The Teaching with Telescopes website is up and running and is being maintained for teachers to obtain information on using galileoscopes in the classroom. The website is updated as needed, especially the Galileoscope Observing Guide, which is revised each year to help teachers and students observe the planets, the Moon, and other interesting astronomical events. A major galileoscope build took place on February 10, 2015, when NOAO led the construction of galileoscopes by approximately 180 students as part of the Math Moves U event (in cooperation with Raytheon and the MESA program at the University of Arizona ), including a class of students from Ha:san High School and Leadership. This year a Galileoscope program was held at Marana Middle School with the sponsorship of the Science Foundation Arizona. Professional development for teachers took place on November 1, 2014, followed by an all-star party on December 9, 2015. The all-star party was attended by approximately 120 people. NOAO staff supported planning efforts for White House Astronomy Night, scheduled for October 2015. Colors of Nature This NSF Advancing Informal Science Learning project, titled Project STEAM: Integrating Art with Science to Build Science Identities between Girls (known as Colors of Nature), has continued to develop its program and materials while hosting summer academies in Tucson and Fairbanks and conducting educational research on scientific identity formation in girls. Tucson's Colors of Nature Summer Academy was held in June 1981 and 30 girls attended, including 3 from the Tohono Oodham Nation. The Colors of Nature Summer Academy in Fairbanks, Alaska was held in July 617 and 30 girls attended. Students from the Colors of Nature Summer Academy attended a special star party at Kitt Peak National Observatory on October 18, 2014. Students and their families enjoyed telescope tours, solar viewing, dinner, and a birthday party. stars. That evening's program was part of support activities including science cafes. The Colors of Nature team is working to adapt the lessons developed during the program for use in other venues, such as museums and science centers. Educational kits are also being developed to focus on the projects' highly successful design challenges, which are based on research using both art and optics. The project team is mapping the materials to the Next Generation Science Standards and providing extensive reference material in each lesson for educators who are not well versed in one of the key fields of optics, biology. or art. Public Information Office Over the past year, EPO has hosted 11 groups ranging from film media production crews to college student tours. Table 2. FY 2015 Press Releases by EPO Publication # Date Source Title NOAO 15-06 September 21, 2015 NOAO Dark Energy Spectrometer for Kitt Peak Receives Green Light Funding NOAO 15-05 September 9 August 2015 NOAO's Chilean Astronomical Site Becomes World's First International Dark Site Sky Sanctuary NOAO 15-04 Jul 27, 2015 NOAO Hiding in Plain Sight: College Students Discover the Densest Galaxies Known NOAO 15-03 9 July 2015 NOAO NGC 2346A Delicate Wings of Cosmic Butterflies NOAO 15-02 February 9, 2015 NASA/ NASA Calls for Proposals for World-Class Precision NOAO Doppler Spectrometer at Kitt Peak National Observatory NOAO 15-10 January 5 2015 Shocking NOAO Results on Our Nearby Galactic Neighbors NOAO 14-08 Dec 18, 2014 NOAO Compact Galaxy Groups Reveal Details of Their Close Encounters 59

63NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 Project ASTRO NOAO's Project ASTRO program has supported numerous star parties at schools this year, and continues to partner teachers and astronomers and provide professional development for both. Project ASTRO maintains an inventory of kits that are checked out to teachers throughout the year for use in their classrooms. The ASTRO Project Spring Workshop took place on April 18, 2015. This workshop was attended by 22 ASTRO Project professors and astronomers. The workshop included project updates, recognition of our Association of the Year and an all-star party. The Fall 2015 Project ASTRO workshop was held at Kitt Peak National Observatory on September 11 and at NOAO on September 12, 2015. This workshop was attended by 16 teachers and 11 astronomers. (Some astronomers have more than 1 master partner.) NOAO will support these new partnerships as well as existing partnerships during the upcoming school year. Research Experiences for Undergraduates The NOAO NSF-funded Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) site programs at KPNO and CTIO offer undergraduates the opportunity to engage in challenging research activities with scientists working at the forefront of astronomy and astrophysics. Students are hired as full-time research assistants to work with NOAO staff members on selected research projects for a period of 10-12 weeks during the summer in the respective hemispheres. As part of their research activities, REU students gain first-hand experience with state-of-the-art telescopes and instrumentation and develop expertise in data analysis tools specific to astronomical research. Six students (two women and four men) participated in the CTIO REU program at NOAO South, and six students (three women and three men) participated in the KPNO REU program at NOAO North. Table 3 lists the participating REU students, their mentors, and their summer projects. REU students participated in other activities besides working on their projects. KPNO REU students went on a field trip to the National Solar Observatory and the Very Large Array. The students observed on the KPNO WIYN 0.9 m telescope with the Half Degree Imager (HDI) from June 26 to July 2. CTIO REU students visited the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, Gemini Observatory South, and the South Astrophysical Research Telescope. CTIO REU students also observed with the SMARTS 0.9m telescope at Cerro Tololo in February 2013. Both 2015 KPNO REU students and CTIO REU students will attend and present posters at the January 2015 AAS meeting. 2016 in Kissimmee, Florida. The KPNO REU program has been renewed for FY13FY16 (AST-1262829; PI: K. Mighell). The previous five-year KPNO REU Program Project Final Report (AST-0754223) was submitted to the NSF in September 2013. Table 3. REU Students at CTIO and KPNO during FY 2015 CTIO REU Students Mentors Project Institution Scott Carlsten Dr. Alfredo Zenteno (CTIO) Kinematics of Ionized Gas and Stellar Populations from Rice University and Dr. George Hau (ESO) Shell Galaxies Samuel Castle Dr. Bryan Miller (Gemini) Automatic Image Processing to Detect Shells Davidson College of Elliptical Galaxies Alex Gagliano Dr. Juan Madrid ( Gemini) Analysis of Globular Cluster Systems in Coma Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Cluster using HST/ACS State University data Brittany Howard Dr. Katherina Vivas (CTIO) Photometric calibration of DECam images at the University of MichiganDearborn Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Md. Tanveer Karim Dr Csar Briceo (CTIO) Characterization of the variability of T-Tauri stars from 410 Myr Old University of Rochester in the Orion Association OB1 Cherish Prickett Dr. Catherine Kaleida (CTIO) Photometry of orbital space debris in Georgia Perimeter College Geosynchronous Earth Orbit 60

64PROGRAMS THROUGHOUT NOAO KPNO REU Students Mentor Project Rose Gibson Institution Dr. Chuck Claver (LSST) The Effects of Commercial Airline Traffic on LSST Wellesley College Observing Efficiency Logan Jones Dr. David Atlee (NOAO) A Census of Star Formation and Black Hole Growth University of Arkansas at Abell 1689 Elizabeth Juelfs Dr. Knut Olsen (NOAO) Redness Investigation in SMASH Fields Austin Peay State University Jacklyn Pezzato Dr. Ken Mighell (NOAO) Analysis of Kepler's Observations of ASAS Variables Swarthmore College Erick Sandberg Drs. Jayadev Rajagopal, Susan Detection Methods for Low-Level Mass Loss at Montana Ridgway Main University and Lori Allen Belt Asteroids (NOAO) Tayeb Zaidi Dr. Gautham Narayan (NOAO) Macalester College NOAO Classification and Supernova Data Photometric Reduction South Education and Outreach The EPO South team ended fiscal year 2015 working at CTIO Visitor Center & Tours on several joint projects with long-term partners in community stakeholder overview and student science education. These partners (from October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2015) include CEAZA (Center for Advanced Group Studies/Program # of Participants in Arid Zones), the University of Santo Tomás and Explora-CONICYT. During the year, Centro CADIAS carried out numerous projects in most of the 1,969 towns and communities of the Coquimbo Region. NOAO-S/out of CADIAS Outreach An important event during the first quarter was the support of the 7,103 EPO departments for the creation by the AURA Observatory Tololo Guided Tours 1,970 in Chile of the annual AURA Picetti School Groups K12 Award. In the first award ceremony, this award was given to Father Juan Bautista 1,690 Bautista Picetti in Special Tours in recognition of his more than 50 years of dedication 503 and exemplary service to science education. The Total 13,235 prize was created by AURA-Chile to recognize the contributions of people to formal and informal scientific education in the Coquimbo Region. In December 2014, the team participated in the third Habla Educador seminar for teachers, organized by the Ministries of Environment and Education with the support of CTIO and CEAZA. More than 120 teachers from the Coquimbo Region participated. The fourth seminar was held in July 2015, with a similar attendance. This professional development effort is intended to encourage teachers to use the Inquiry Method of science teaching in the classroom. In the second quarter of fiscal 2015, part of the EPO-S team traveled to Tucson to participate in NOAO's first EPO retreat, where many of the issues and challenges for the group's future were discussed. These included review of current programs and goals and discussions to define our audiences, our efforts to engage staff from our larger organization, and efforts to increase collaboration between the EPO-N and EPO-S groups. 61

Sixty-fiveNOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Figure 11: 1st Chile-US. Participants in the Astronomy Education Summit at the ALMA base camp In March 2015, the entire EPO-S team participated in the first Chile-US Summit. Summit of Education in Astronomy, which took place in Santiago and San Pedro de Atacama at the facilities of the ALMA Observatory. The head of the EPO department in Tucson was one of the original organizers of this program, and all members of the EPO South group participated in this great effort. The participants in this program were approximately 40 specialists in formal and informal astronomy education, including members of the EPO group of scientific observatories, science centers, planetariums, universities, and public schools from the United States and Chile. Various topics were discussed and many collaborative projects for the current year and beyond were outlined. In the third quarter of FY15, the EPO-S team was busy organizing and implementing the activities of the joint project with CEAZA on scientific training for park rangers of the Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park and Starlight Reserve. The project aims to build capacities in park rangers to help them run programs for future science tourism and night sky observations. The members of the team also supported the activities related to the LSST Foundation Stone Ceremony that took place in Cerro Pachn on April 14. ), the NOAO EPO team received the visiting group ACEAP (Astronomy Educator Ambassadors Program in Chile) sponsored by NSF. This program is an initiative to bring astronomy-related educators to Chile to learn about the efforts of US-funded observatories in scientific research and outreach initiatives. The EPO-S team coordinated all the group's activities during their stay in La Serena/Tololo from June 22 to 6, 2015. 62

66NOAO-WIDE PROGRAMS Figure 12: Galactic Center of the Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park Starlight Reserve (Image credit: D. Munizaga EPO-NOAO-S) During the second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2015, the team participated in the organization, coordination and implementation of the project "Science for Sustainable Tourism in the Parque Fray Jorge Biosphere Reserve" in collaboration with CEAZA, SERNATUR (Chilean National Tourism Office) and CONAF (National Park Rangers Office). The program had the financial support of the regional government. The project aims to implement a sustainable model that will link scientific knowledge and information technologies with the tourism industry and local communities to promote the development of this activity and add value to the park's tourism products. It will also contribute to maintaining the park as a Starlight Reserve, which was awarded to the park in 2013. In summary, during FY15, a total of 111 events were held by the EPO-South team, reaching a total of 13,235 people. Status of FY 2015 Milestones Support the strategic plan for the outreach of NOAO Sur and the Centro de Apoyo a la Didáctica de la Astronomía (CADIAS), an astronomy teaching center in Chile. This includes programs related to dark sky education and teaching with galileoscopes. Status: We have a vigorous dark sky education program in Chile, with numerous teacher professional development workshops and student programs. Similarly, the Galileoscope education program is up and running. For example, a Galileoscope workshop was held at the Cruz del Sur Observatory with telescopes and tripods purchased through an educational grant from SPIE. The CADIAS building and its programs were evaluated in May, and a supplemental plan was developed to renovate the facilities and update its educational materials. Run an extensive dark sky awareness program for Chile and Arizona, including the national/international citizen science program, Globe at Night, initiated and run by NOAO. Status: Our educational dark sky program has an international reputation with the successful Globe at Night citizen science program operating year-round around the world. We have developed a new 63

67ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FISCAL YEAR NOAO FY 2015 didactic kit, with funds from the UAI, based on problem-based learning. The kit has been tested and reviewed and meets US Next Generation Scientific Standards. Multiple copies of the kit are being built for distribution through partners SPIE, OSA, the International Commission on Illumination (CIE), and the International Dark Sky Association. Work with the Tohono Oodham Nation to support an astronomy program at Tohono Oodham Community College and to support a science fair program at Tohono Oodham high schools. Status: We support an astronomy course taught by NOAO staff at Tohono Oodham Community College and a science fair program at Tohono Oodham high schools and provide support for Tohono Oodham Family Night at Kitt Peak on May 2 . We also work closely with the Nation to recruit students for the NSF-funded Colors of Nature program. Support the Teaching with Telescopes program in Arizona and Chile with professional teacher development in telescope and optics concepts, using Galileoscopes. Support current Galileoscope star party programs in Arizona cities as much as possible. Maintain the national Teaching with Telescopes teacher support website. Status: We support the Teaching with Telescopes program with professional development workshops and have updated the website. The Galileoscope has become a key project of the 2015 International Year of Light, and NOAO has supported that effort. The Galileoscope star party program in Marana was successfully held with the support of Science Foundation Arizona. Conduct professional development workshops and programs for formal and informal science educators in coordination with professional organizations such as the National Science Teachers Association (NSTA), the American Astronomical Society (AAS), the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP), and the American Geophysical Association. Union (AGU). Status: Several sessions were organized and conducted at the AGU meeting to promote authentic inquiry by faculty and students. Other workshops and focus groups were held at the AAS and at the IAU meeting. C. Walker co-hosted a separate session on light pollution problems and solutions at the AAS meeting in January. Walker and R. Green (University of Arizona) organized and led the August 1113 Light Pollution Focus Meeting at the IAU General Assembly. Professional development workshops for teachers who were not at national meetings were also held in Tucson and in Chile. An NSTA presentation on informal science education is being planned at the National Science Teachers Association annual meeting in Nashville in 2016. Support guide training and support astronomy programs for the public at major municipal observatories and tourist in the north of Chile. Status: We continue our support for tourist observatories in Chile and support for amateur astronomy organizations in Chile. We helped organize several efforts that brought together tourist observatories with other partners in astronomy education. This Astronomy Education Summit was the first to be held in Chile and involved tourist observatories. Support dark sky education programs in northern Chile with educational partners like El Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas ridas (CEAZA). Status: We continue as an important partner of CEAZA in our work on ecotourism. We are currently training the park rangers of the Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park on how to conduct nocturnal programs in the park. Maintain an active ASTRO Project Southern Arizona Teacher-Scientist Partnership program with professional development activities conducted at least twice a year. 64

68NOAO-WIDE PROGRAMS Status: NOAO's Project ASTRO site continues to be one of the most vigorous ASTRO sites in the country and has conducted professional development programs twice this year. Design and deliver (with grant partners) a successful two-week Colors of Nature Summer Academy for high school girls during the summer of 2015 in Tucson, Arizona and Fairbanks, Alaska. Status: The program was very successful in both Tucson and Fairbanks. Tucson's Colors of Nature Summer Academy was held in June 1981 and 30 girls attended, including 3 from the Tohono Oodham Nation. The Colors of Nature Summer Academy in Fairbanks, Alaska was held in July 617 and 30 girls attended. Research results from the STEAM Project: Integrating Art with Science to Build Scientific Identities Among Girls (Colors of Nature) have been disseminated at the National Association for Research in Science Education (NARST) and through the meetings of the American Educational Research Association (AERA). 5.3 NOAO DIRECTORS' OFFICE FY 2015 Program Review Beyond normal day-to-day operational activity, NDO activity was dominated by two overriding activities: the completion of the NOAO transformation plan and the initial implementation of the new Cooperation (CA) between AURA and the NSF. In mid-2013, the NSF issued new programmatic and financial guidance for AURA and NOAO. In parallel, the NSF issued a request for proposals to manage and operate NOAO in the FY16 FY25 period. Based on those documents, NOAO developed and submitted a transformation plan in October 2013 that was reviewed and approved by the NSF. All actions and outputs defined in that plan were completed, as reviewed and verified by the NSF's Program Review Panel (PRP), by mid-Fiscal Year 2015. Initial implementation of the new Cooperative Agreement required the completion of various tasks, including negotiation of CA terms and conditions, development of a NOAO Strategic Plan, definition of a Performance Measurement and Evaluation Plan (PEMP) (in collaboration with AURA Corporate and NSF Astronomical Sciences, AST) , iterative development of the budget for the following year based on feedback from NSF's Division of Complex Contracts and Agreements (DACS) and Cost Analysis and Audit Resolution Branch (CAAR) (in collaboration with Central Administrative Services of AURA; CAS), and the development of proposals for supplemental funding of the Mayall and WIYN facilities (in collaboration with the Associate Director of KPNO and AURA CAS). As per standard procedure, the NDO completed and submitted the following important documents during this fiscal year: FY15 Annual Program Plan (APP15), FY14 Fiscal Year Annual Report (FYAR14), Quarterly Reports for FY15 Q1 and Q2, an Annual Progress Report for FY 2015 (APR15), a NOAO-2016 Transformation Plan Status Report, and the FY 2016 Program Operations Plan (POP16). The NDO organized and conducted quarterly meetings of the NOAO Safety Council. Members of this council include the NOAO Director and Deputy Director, the KPNO and NOAO South Associate Directors, the KPNO and NOAO South Security Officers, and the Facility Operations managers for Arizona and Chile. In collaboration with AURA's Human Resources group, the NDO organized and managed the recruitment process for a new Associate Director for NOAO's System Science and Data Center (NSSDC). Dr. Adam Bolton (Utah) will join NOAO in this role during the first quarter of fiscal year 2016. In collaboration with AURA's Human Resources group, the NDO organized and participated in a course-based training for senior managers online Blanchard Situational Leadership 2 (SLII). AURA directors for NOAO and the LSST Project Office (Steven Kahn) worked with the NSF and the Kavli Foundation to develop a workshop to bring together community scientists to discuss LSST user 65

69NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 cases and better define what facilities, tools, and follow-up processes will be needed in the LSST era. This workshop is scheduled for May 2016. In January 2015, the director conducted NOAO's Annual Town Hall at the AAS meeting, with a 30-minute presentation followed by 30-minute discussion with the audience. The director repeated this format in small groups at NOAO in Arizona and Chile to give NOAO employees the opportunity to see the latest strategic vision and discuss it with the director. The director attended and made presentations at the following meetings: AAS/Seattle (January 2015), AURA Board (September 2015), AURA Annual Meeting (April 2015), AURA Observatory Council (April 2015, September 2015), NOAO Users Committee (May 2015), NRC OIR System Optimization Study (October 2014), and NSF Program Review Panel (May 2015). The deputy director attended and made presentations to the AURA Board (February), the AURA Observatory Council, the Users Committee and the Program Review Panel. Assistant Principal attended AAS/Seattle meeting (January 2015). The Assistant Principal participated in and presented at the NOAO-DESI Facility PDR (Tucson, March 2015), the DESI Principals Review (LBL) (Berkeley, June 2015), and the DESI DOE Critical Decision Review 2 (Berkeley , July 2015). The director was a member of the following governing and/or supervisory boards: AURA Board of Directors for LSST (AMCL), Gemini Board of Directors, LSST Corporation Executive Board, and TMT International Observatory Board of Governors (non-voting ). The deputy director was a member of the SOAR Board of Directors, the DESI Executive Council, the DESI Institutional Board and the GMT Scientific Advisory Committee, and the Chair of the DESI Membership Committee. The director participated in the following meetings or events as an invited participant: AURA Workforce and Diversity Committee (December 2014), LSST First Stone Ceremony (April 2015), NAOJ External Review Committee (February 2015), TMT International Observatory Groundbreaking Ceremony ( October 2015) ), and Workshop on Partnerships between NSF/MPS and Private Foundations (May 2015). The Assistant Principal participated in the LSST Groundbreaking Ceremony, DESI Science Readiness Workshop (SLAC, Jan 2015), DESI DECaLS Imaging Survey Workshop (Tucson, Aug) 2015, and LSST Cadence Workshop (Bremerton, August 2015). Both the director and deputy director participated in the NOAO Tools for Astronomical Big Data and DECam Community Science Workshop (Tucson, March 2015). The director finished his three-year term as president of IAU Division B (Facilities, Technology and Data Science). In office, the director hosted a two-day divisional meeting in Honolulu, which was held as part of the IAU General Assembly meeting. FY15 Milestone Observatory Management Status Develop an annual program plan for FY16, to be delivered during the first quarter of FY16. Status: Completed, delivered on time. Submit quarterly and annual scientific progress reports as required by the NSF under the terms of its cooperative agreement with AURA for the management and operations of NOAO. Status: Completed, delivered on time. The following reports were submitted to NSF and posted on the NOAO News & Reports webpage: NOAO Quarterly Scientific Report (1) FY2015, NOAO Quarterly Scientific Report (2) FY2015, and NOAO FY2015 Annual Project Report. In addition to these reports and the aforementioned annual program plan, NOAO submitted the following reports to NSF on behalf of AURA: FY 2016 Program Operations Plan, Annual Project Reports for AST-66

70NOAO-WIDE PROGRAMS 1262829 and AST-1062976, and final reports and project results reports for AST-1019067 and AST-0936648. Participate as required by AURA in NSF and other federal agency reviews of AURA activities. Status: The NSF Program Review Panel (PRP) reviewed AURA/NOAO in May 2015 and highly praised the execution of our transformation plan, our initial response to the management proposal review panel report, and our vision strategic. As needed, AURA/NOAO worked with the NSF DACS and CAAR groups to review and finalize our budget projections for fiscal year 2016 and beyond. There were no other major NSF reviews of NOAO activity during this reporting period. Participate as required by NSF, DOE, and other Federal agencies in planning and reporting meetings (eg, NSF Program Review Panel Semi-Annual Meeting). Status: NOAO hosted, organized, and participated in the DESI Preliminary Design Review at Mayall in Tucson in March. For other NSF-related activities, see above. NOAO participated in two major DOE reviews for DESI in FY 2015. In June, staff presented Mayall's installation and preparation efforts to the LBL Principals' Review. In August, staff presented the same areas at the DOE Review CD3 in Berkeley. Inform all current employees by the end of the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 of their planned employment status for fiscal year 2016, with specific attention to employees who will be separating from NOAO by the end of fiscal year 2015 due to NOAO's restructuring. Status: Completed as planned, in Arizona and Chile. Organize and complete the annual meeting of the EPO Advisory Committee by the end of the first quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: The meeting was organized during the first quarter of fiscal year 2015, but was held during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015 due to to conflicts with other NOAO meetings and the availability of committee members. A written report from the committee has not yet been received. NOAO will provide a written response in a timely manner. Organize and complete the annual meeting of the NOAO Users Committee by the end of the third quarter of fiscal year 2015. Status: Completed during the indicated quarter. A written report from the committee was received and posted on the publicly accessible User Committee website. NOAO will provide a written response in a timely manner. Complete the transformation of NOAO to its FY16 structure and program by the end of FY15. Status: Completed according to the 2013 plan. See above for a more detailed discussion. 67

71NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 APPENDICES 68

72A: FY 2015 BUDGET BY PROGRAM A FISCAL YEAR 2015 BUDGET BY PROGRAM A.1 FISCAL YEAR 2015 EXPENDITURES The following pie charts show the breakdown of NOAO base fund expenditures for FY 2015 in three ways: (1) as a percentage of base NSF funding by program, (2) as a percentage of total funding by program, and (3) as a percentage of total funding by spending category. FY 2015 Rate Core Expenditures 9% NDO 2% EPO Core Fund Expenditures 4% NS as a percentage of total 30% NSF Core Funding per SO 3% program NSTC 1% NSSC 18% NN 33% NDO Rate 7% FY 2015 Total Expenditures 4 % EPO 3% Total expenses as OS NS percentage of total 2% 34% financing by program NSTC 1% NSSC 14% NN 35% 69

73NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 FY 2015 Expenditures by Category Total Expenditures as a Percentage of Total Services 15% Sub-Awards 4% Funding by Category Supplies and Materials 12% Travel - Overseas 1% Travel - Domestic 2% Capital Payroll 65% Purchasing 1% Table A-1 shows the actual gross expense figures at the end of fiscal year 2015 for each major program work package, as well as the funds transferred. The left column contains the total funding for each activity, ie, the sum of FY15 NSF base funding, FY15 non-base funding or income, and FY14 pass-through funding (if applicable). The key to Table A-1 provides descriptions of the work breakdown structure shown in the table. (See Section A.3 for a breakdown of funds carried over from fiscal year 2015 to fiscal year 2016.) Table A-1: ​​FY 2015 Total Funding vs. Actual Expenditures FY 2015 Actual Work Package Total Budget Expenditures NOAO Sur (NS) Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) 5,778,685 4,729,893 NS Engineering and Technical Services 1,664,815 1,145,716 NS Facilities Operations 2,577,959 2,809,065 NS IT Infrastructure Services 633,898 724,921 NS Director's Office 948,630 705,935 NS Subto tal 11,603,986 10,115,530 NOAO North (NN) Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) 4.7 66,287 5,642,709 NN Engineering and Technical Services 2,499,477 2,702,403 NN Central Facilities Operations 1,795,044 1,516,152 NN Information Technology Infrastructure Services 768,633 733,406 NN Subtotal 9,829,441 10,594,671 (Table A-1 continues on the next page) 70

74A: FY 2015 PROGRAM BUDGET Table A-1: ​​FY 2015 Total Funding vs. Actual Expenditures (continued) FY 2015 Actual Work Package Total Budget Expenditures NOAO System Science Center (NSSC) Support TO THE SYSTEM User 936 664 867 465 Scientific data management 2 061 294 2 128 073 System community development 882 934 856 581 Time allocation committee 423 795 351 795 SUBTOTAL NSSC 4 304 686 4 203 913 Instrumentation of the center of the center of the center of the center of the center of the center NOAO System Technology Officer (NSTC) 562 805 177 433 NSTC Subtotal 562 805 177 433 Office of Science (OS) 793 965 639 358 Education and Public Outreach (EPO) 1,114,658 1,024,614 NOAO Office of Director (NDO) 1,112.1 65 1,087,277 NOAO Unallocated Director Funds 5,097,266 233,004 AURA Services and Fees 2,243,727 2,108,628 Total Base Expenditures 36,662,699 30,184,427 Other Funds NSF REU South 220,189 80,768 Telescope System Instrumentation Program 104,052 2, 9 44 La Serena School for Data Science 52,435 24,799 Subtotal Other NSF Expenses 376,676 108,512 Non-NSF Scientific Research 29,038 74,273 NOAO Total Expenses 37,068,413 30,367,212 FY15 Base Funding (25,500,000) FY14 Transfer Applied to NOAO Core Programs (4,402,360) FY15 Revenues external Funding (7,166,053) FY15 Total NOAO Transfer (6,701,202) Table Key A-1 FY15 Total Funding vs. Actual Expenses NOAO Sur (NS) This division of NOAO focuses on administration, facilities, and IT support services for NOAO's activities headquartered in La Serena, Chile. Cerro Tololo Interamericano This work package includes the operating and support costs for the mountain facilities for CTIO. The IT Observatory (CTIO) does not include the administrative costs of the entire NOAO. NS engineering and technique This work package includes design, fabrication, installation, and operational support for the Servicios telescopes and instrumentation at Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn. 71

75NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Key to Table A-1 FY15 Total Funding vs. Actual Expenses NS Facility Operations This work package includes the shared costs of operations for all AURA La Serena facilities, including warehouse, shipping/receiving, inventory control, security, water and sewer facilities, garage, and transportation, and the La Serena motel, as well as general maintenance and concierge services. It also includes the shared costs of the operations of all AURA's mountaintop facilities on Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn, including road maintenance, power line maintenance, water system maintenance, emergency medical services, maintenance of the communication and telephone system, kitchen operations and dormitory operations. All activities related to the management of general NOAO activities in La Serena are contained in this work package. NS IT Infrastructure This work package includes IT system support for NOAO South, including maintenance of network services and software support. Includes security system and access. NS Directors Office This work package includes all the effort related to the execution of the management of NOAO Sur and CTIO. The work package also includes facilities support for NOAO Southonly facilities, scientific research support, REU program management, visitor center activity in addition to the NOAO EPO program, the world wide safety program NOAO South program and academic affairs. NOAO North (NN) This division of NOAO focuses on administration, facilities, and IT support services for NOAO's activities based in southern Arizona. Kitt Peak National This work package contains the mountain support and operational costs for KPNO, including Observatory (KPNO) staff, travel, miscellaneous equipment, tenant support, site managers office, user support, NSO support , instrumentation upgrades and modernization, and other mountain facility costs. The costs of operating and maintaining the telescope and associations are also included. It does not include the administrative costs of the entire NOAO. NN Engineering and Technical This work package includes design, fabrication, installation, and operational support for the Kitt Peak Services telescopes and instrumentation. Central NN Facilities This work package includes the operating costs of the NOAO North facilities for the maintenance of buildings, roads and grounds, utilities, vehicles, and the computer network in Tucson. NN IT Infrastructure Included in this work package is IT system support for NOAO North, NSO, SOAR, Services and WIYN, including network maintenance and software support. It also includes system security and access. NOAO System Science This division of NOAO is a combination of System User Support Programs, Science Data Center (NSSC) Management, System Community Development, and Time Allocation Committee. System User Support This work package includes managing US community access to the Gemini telescopes and other systems, including regular NOAO user group meetings, other information workshops and committees, and annual meeting of inspection teams. It also includes user support for the preparation and submission of observation proposals for all System facilities, as well as post-observation data processing. The work package includes personnel, travel, support and equipment for NSSC to provide access to the US community and support for users of the two Gemini telescopes. Science Data Management This work package contains the planning and management of SDM North and South, the development and operation of the NOAO Science Archive, user support, and data management for other initiatives. Includes community participation and VAO data. System Community This work package focuses on connecting the broader US community with new scientific development capabilities under development, such as LSST, GMT, TMT, LCOGTN, and various emerging facilities for optical interferometry. Time Allocation Committee This work package covers support for the NOAO time allocation process and TAC meetings, including salaries, travel, supplies, and services necessary to support TAC meetings. NOAO System Technology This division of NOAO is responsible for coordinating technology enhancements to the US Ground-Based O/IR Observing System (NSTC). It previously incorporated System Instrumentation and NOAO's LSST Telescope and Site Equipment. NSTC was phased out in FY 2015. System Implementation This work package includes projects funded through the NSF ReSTAR proposal. TripleSpec4 was the only (and last) project in FY15 for the White 4-m. This work package provides non-NSF core funding support for engineering efforts on outside projects. This package also includes external funding support for external programs at the NOAO North machine shop. 72

76A: FY 2015 PROGRAM BUDGET Key to Table A-1 FY 2015 Total Funding vs. Actual Expenditures Office of Science (OS) This work package contains support for scientific staff, including administrative support, colloquia, travel, page charges and conferences/workshops. It also includes salary support for fellows and scientific staff on sabbatical or directly supporting OS activity. Education and Public This work package contains the NOAO North and South Education and Public Outreach Programs (EPO), REU Programs, Public Affairs, and Graphic Arts. NOAO Director's Office This work package focuses on the activities of the NOAO Director, Assistant Director, Administrative Support Staff (NDO), Risk Management, Library, and Security Coordination. NOAO Directors This work package includes unallocated base funds for fiscal year 2015 combined with all unexpended funds or unallocated funds and uncommitted base funds for fiscal year 2014. This reserve is used for unpredictable spending needs, such such as major changes in the exchange rate of the US dollar to the Chilean peso or unexpected maintenance needs that require an immediate response. AURA Services and Fees This includes the cost of purchasing AURA services for NOAO human resources, accounting/financial management, procurement, payroll and logistics. Also includes AURA's facilities and administration fee for new funds and transfer of unspent funds from fiscal year 2014. AURA's administration fee for fiscal year 2015 is 2.89 percent. Total Base Expenditures This total includes the total expenditures of NOAO programs from NSF base funds. Other NSF Funding NSF funding for NOAO programs is awarded separately from CSA (1) AST-0950945. REU Sur This package includes support for the costs of REU students while they work at NOAO Sur. Telescope System The Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP) funds the development of new Instrumentation Program instruments for non-Federal observatories, or their operating costs, in exchange for the American community's access to observing time at those telescopes managed by the NOAO TAC. La Serena School for Data Complementary support for three week-long schools in Chile, in 2013, 2014 and 2015, to help Science train the next generation of scientists from Chile, the US and other countries in the use of tools and Big Data techniques in astronomy is in this work package. Subtotal Other NSF This total includes expenditures for NSF to NOAO allocations other than CSA (1) AST- Expenditures 0950495. Total NOAO Expenditures This total includes total expenditures for NOAO programs from NSF funds. FY15 Core Funding Actual FY 2015 NSF funding provided to NOAO for core programming. FY14 Carryforward Applied FY14 carryforward that was applied to the FY15 schedule. to NOAO Base Programs FY 2015 Program Outside FY 2015 NSF Base Program revenue applied to FY 2015 program (from Table A-2). Revenue FY15 Total NOAO Carryover- Total unspent carryover amount from all NOAO programs. forward 73

77NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT A.2 FISCAL YEAR 2015 REVENUE Table A-2 summarizes the other revenue (non-NSF base funding) received by each program. The key to Table A-2 describes the sources of income. Table A-2: FY 2015 NOAO Program External Revenues Description FY 2015 Revenue NOAO South (NS) CTIO Indirect & Miscellaneous Revenues 155,788 CTIO SMARTS Labor Recharge & Indirect 36,360 NS Director's Office 23,667 NS ​​ETS Projects Recharges labor and indirect 322,066 NS FO La Serena Facilities Support for Gemini, SOAR and AURA-O 733 343 NS FO Support for mountain facilities for Gemini, SOAR and AURA-O 1 776 713 NS CIS Computer network support for AURA centers, Las Campanas , ALMA & Tenants 201,154 Subtotal 3 249,091 NOAO North Facility Operations KPNO DS3 Link 63,430 KPNO Meal & Dorm Revenue 262,681 KPNO KPVC Sales & Membership Revenue 661,149 KPNO Joint Use Fee 129,010 KPNO Misc. Facility Usage Fees 45,206 KPNO WIYN Operations Support 94,603 NN ETS Instrument Store Support for NSO and Grants 358,393 NN CFO Support for NSO, WIYN, LSSTC and Other Indirect Cost Income 1,219,614 NN Space Leasing CFO 2606 NN CIS Support for NSO and Gemini 274,633 Subtotal 3.1 11,325 NOAO System Science Center (NSSC) Science Data Management HOV Grant 49,309 Subtotal 49,309 NOAO System Technology Center (NSTC) Instrumentation Support System for Other External Programs 29 Subtotal -15,115 Office of Science Grant-Funded Staff Costs 45,699 Subtotal 45,699 Education and Public Outreach Support for NSO 112,112 Grant-Supported Staff Costs 76,500 Subtotals 188,612 Noao Office Director from office Indirect revenue 479,896 Aura recompetition support for NOAO 0 Aura DDF 6,868 Library support to NSO 50,368 Subtotal 537,132 Total outside of Fy15 Program Rev date 7,16,16,03 74 74 74 74 yrs.

78A: FY 2015 BUDGET BY PROGRAM Key to Table A-2 Fiscal Year 2015 NOAO Program External Revenue NOAO South (NS) Division of NOAO CTIO Indirect and Miscellaneous Revenue Small Project Revenue for Gemini and Other Entities External Recharge and General Indirect Cost Recovery CTIO SMARTS Labor Recharge and General Indirect Cost Recovery from SMARTS Operational Support Indirect NS Director's Office This includes Gemini support of NOAO Library South and rental income from PIA students . NS ETS SOAR Projects Labor recharges Income for labor provided by NS engineering and technology personnel to support indirect projects and SOAR NS FO Support for La Serena facilities Income for the provision of facilities services to tenants Gemini, SOAR and AURA-O NS FO Support to mountain facilities a Income from support to mountain operations of Gemini, SOAR, AURA-O, and Gemini, SOAR, and AURA-O other tenants in Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn NS CIS Support to the IT Network for NOAO support for user income AURA Centers, Las Campanas, ALMA and Tenants NOAO North Facilities Operations NOAO KPNO DS3 Link Program Income from tenants for maintenance and KPNO support Income for meals and bedrooms Income for night programs , meals sold, and dormitory rentals at Kitt Peak KPNO KPVC Sales proceeds and income from the Visitor Center, sales, nighttime viewing programs, etc., and the Memberships Friends of Kitt Peak KPNO program Joint use fee Annual fee charged to all tenants in KP for joint support services provided KPNO Misc. Facility usage fees Miscellaneous facility usage revenue KPNO WIYN operational support WIYN partner support funds for operations support NN HTA tool shop support for NSO NSO revenue or grant accounts to cover instrument shop payroll costs and grant work requested by NSO or grant recipients respectively NN CFO Support to NSO, WIYN, LSSTC, Indirect Grant Revenue and support for facilities and services provided to and Other Indirect Cost Revenue NSO, WIYN, LSSTC, etc. LSSTC, University of Arizona, etc. NN CIS Support for NSO and Gemini Proceeds from NOAO North Computer Infrastructure Services labor support to NSO and Gemini NOAO System Science Center (NSSC) NOAO Science Data Management Division VAO Grant NSF Grant for NOAO work on the Virtual Astronomical Observatory (VAO) ) NOAO System Technology Center NOAO Division (NSTC) System Instrumentation Support for Other Miscellaneous support work performed by System Instrumentation staff for External Programs Gemini, Steward Observatory, Lunar Planetary Lab, and other local astronomical institutions Office of Science (OS) Staff costs funded by NOAO program grants Grant and external support for post-docs, including Hubble fellowships, etc. Education and Public Outreach (EPO) NOAO Program Support to NSO Income provided by NSO for work performed by the Photographic Imaging Laboratory and to support NSO EPO efforts at Kitt Peak, some public information and outreach functions EPO staff at local and regional level on behalf of the NSO Grant-funded staff costs Grant and external support for various EPO staff, e.g. Colors of Nature Grant NOAO Directors Office (NDO) NOAO Division 75

79NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 Key to Table A-2 Fiscal Year 2015 NOAO Program Outside Income Grant Indirect Income A portion of the grant income goes to the Office of Directors for miscellaneous scientific support and support for the NSO library Support for AURA AURA Corporate funding competition for NOAO labor support in developing NOAO AURA proposal to manage and operate NOAO in FY1625 AURA DDF AURA Corporate funding for discretionary spending Library Support for NSO NSO contributions for library support of NOAO Total FY15 NOAO Program External External income not provided by the core NSF program. Includes supplemental revenue funds used for NOAO's core programs. (See the revenue table for complete and detailed revenue by program.) A.3 FUNDS CARRIED OVER FROM FY15 TO FY16 Table A-3 shows a breakdown of the carryover from FY15 base funding and external revenue and the total carryover available for distribution in the NOAO FY16 program. Table A-4 shows a breakdown of how funds carried over to Fiscal Year 2014 were applied to the FY 2015 budget. Table A-3: Carryover After FY15 Spending Program Carryover FY15 NOAO Funds Carryover 6,701,202 Other NSF Funds Carryover REU 139,421 Interagency Transfers (45,235) Total Funds Carryover to FY15 6,795,387 Table A-4: Application of FY14 Carryover Adelante in FY15 Program FY14 Transfer NOAO Funds Carryover from FY14 4,153,133 NN Engineering and Technical Services (90,000) NN Central Facilities Operations (72,824) NOAO System Instrumentation (316,812) NOAO Director's Office (7,500) NOAO Director's Reserve (3,509,510) La Serena School of Information Sciences (52,435) Telescope System Instrumentation Program ( 104 052) FY14 Transfer remaining funds after FY15 0 76

80B: KEY MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITY OF NOAO SCIENTIFIC STAFF B KEY MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITY OF NOAO SCIENTIFIC STAFF B.1 KEY MANAGEMENT OF NOAO DURING FY15 David Silva, NOAO Director Robert Blum, NOAO Deputy Director Lori Allen, KPNO Associate Director Stephen Heathcote, Associate Director, CTIO Nicole van der Bliek, Associate Director, CTIO Verne V. Smith, Associate Director, NOAO System Science Center Joan Najita, Program Manager, Office of Science David Sprayberry, Program Manager, Technology Center NOAO System Stephen Pompea, Program Manager, Education and Public Outreach B.2 SCIENTIFIC STAFF CHANGES DURING FY15 New Appointments Date Name Position Location 08/01/2015 Reines, Amy Postdoctoral Associate NOAO-N Departures Date Name Position Location 11 /28/2014 Narayan, Gautham Postdoctoral Associate NOAO-N 6/ 25/2015 Inami, Hanae Postdoctoral Associate NOAO-N 02/07/2015 Salyk, Colette Postdoctoral Associate NOAO-N 12/08/2015 Atlee, David Postdoctoral Associate NOAO- N 8/21/2015 Kartaltepe, Jeyhan NOAO Assistant Scientist-N 9/30/2015 Garmany, Catharine NOAO Associate Scientist-N Status Changes Date Name Title Change Location 04/01/2015 Rajagopal, Jayadev Associate Scientist promoted from NOAO Assistant Scientist- N 01/01/2015 James, David Associate Scientist promoted from NOAO-S Assistant Scientist 09/30/2015 Ridgway, Susan Associate Scientist to NOAO-N 77 Assistant Astronomer

81NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT B.3 NOAO SCIENTIFIC/ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF EFFOR SPLIT The fractional split of actual effort by each NOAO scientific staff in the FY 2015 budgeted programs is shown in Table B-1 on the following pages. Scientific staff members and programs shown in Table B-1 are those funded with NSF funds allocated to NOAO's FY 2015 base budget. Includes programs and scientists (eg, research associates postdocs) funded by external grants or sources other than AST/NSF. All columns show actual FTEs by program. Also included in Table B-1 are technical, engineering, and other personnel who are partially or fully funded by other funds as defined by the NSF/AURA Cooperative Agreement. Table B-2 provides a breakdown of the sources of other funds by FTE. Table B-1 and Table B-2 show the actual fiscal year 2015 effort of each staff member included in NOAO's functional programs. These tables can be compared to Table 21 and Table 22, respectively, in NOAO's Annual Program Plan for Fiscal Year 2015, which lists the predictions at the beginning of the year. Biweekly time cards are completed by scientific staff indicating the hours spent on each activity. These hours are converted into fractions of a pay period, charged first for grants and functional activities, then for research, up to the limit of 80 hours per pay period. The nominal research allowance is shown with a code after the name of the staff members as follows: Director, Deputy Director and Associate Director (D): maximum 20% Program Manager (H): normally a maximum of 20 % Full, Associate, and Assistant Astronomer (A): max. 50% Senior Scientist, Observatory, Full, Associate and Assistant (S): max. 20% Postdocs and Goldberg Fellows (P): max. 100% 78

82B: NOAO KEY MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF ACTIVITY Table B-1 NOAO Fiscal Year 2015 Fractional Split of Scientific Staff Effort/Key Management by Program Budgeted with Technical, Engineering, and Other Staff with Other Funds (Funds Only) Assigned by NSF for FY 2015) Scientific Staff and Key Management NSSC NSTC NOAO Grants / Name Title Research CTIO NS KPNO NN SDM SCD SUS TAC SI LSST OS EPO External Dir1 Total Abbott, T Scientific 0.14 0.86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Allen, L E Director, KPNO 0.05 - - 0.95 - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Blum, R D Deputy Director, NOAO 0.01 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.99 - 1.00 Briceo, C Associate Scientist - 1.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Dey, A Astronomer/Incumbent 0.25 - - 0.74 - - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 1.00 Dickinson, M E Associate Astronomer/Tenant 0.16 - - - - 0.20 0.64 - - - - - - - - 1.00 Elias, JH Director, SOAR - 0.99 - 0.01 - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Garmany, C D Associate Scientist 0.11 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.40 - - 0.50 Gregory, B 2 Principal Scientist 0.01 0.43 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 0.50 Heathcote, S R Director, CTIO 0.02 0.93 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Hinkle, K H Scientist 0.06 - - - - - - 0.94 - - - - - - - 1.00 James, D J Assistant astronomer 0.55 0.29 - - - - - - - 0.16 - - - - - 1 .00 Joyce, R R Scientist 0.03 - - 0.90 - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 1.00 Kartaltepe, J S 3 Assistant scientist - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 1.00 Lauer, T R4 Astronomer 0.28 - - 0.06 - - 0.03 - 0.01 - - 0.30 0.04 - 0.28 1.00 Matheson, T D Associate/Full Astronomer 0.34 - - - - - 0.60 0.06 - - - - - - - 1.00 Mighel, K J Scientist - - - - - - 0.65 - - - - - 0.30 - 0.05 1 .00 Najita, J R Program Manager-Science 0.36 - - - - - - - - - - 0.64 - - - 1.00 Norman, D J Associate Scientist 0.10 - - - - - - 0.75 - - - - - 0.15 - 1.00 Olsen, K Program Manager-SCD 0.37 - - - - - 0.63 - - - - - - - - 1.00 Points, S D Associate Scientist 0.13 0.77 - 0.10 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 .00 Pompea, S M Head of Program-EPO 0.18 - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - 0.56 - 0.18 1.00 Probst, R G Scientist 0.07 - - 0.87 - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - 1.00 Rajagopal, J Associate Scientist 0.01 - - 0.96 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 1.00 Ridgway, S E Assistant Scientist 0, 44 - - - - - - 0.56 - - - - - - - 1.00 Ridgway, S T Astronomer/Incumbent 0.23 - - - - - 0.70 - - - - 0.02 - - 0.05 1 .00 Saha, A Astronomer/incumbent 0.44 - - - - - 0.53 - 0.03 - - - - - - 1.00 Shaw, R A Scientist - - - - - 0.98 - - - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Silva, D Director, NOAO 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.93 - 1.00 79

83NOAO AF FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT 2015 Key scientific and administration personnel NSSC NSTC NOAO Grants / Name Title Research CTIO NS KPNO NN SDM SCD SUS TAC SI LSST OS EPO Dir. Exterior1 Total Smith, M G5 Astronomer/Incumbent 0.32 0.13 0.02 - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - 0.50 Smith, R C Astronomer/Incumbent 0.25 0.26 - - - . - - - - - - - - - - 0.50 Smith, V V Director, NSSC 0.28 - - - - - - 0.40 0.32 - - - - - - 1.00 Sprayberry, D Program Chief-NSTC 0.01 - - 0.97 - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - 1.00 Stanghellini, L Head of Program- SUS 0.30 - - - - - - 0.69 - - - 0.01 - - - 1.00 Stobie, E B Head of Program-SDM - - - - - 0.99 - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Tokovinin, A Astronomer/Holder 0.46 0.54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Valdes , F G Scientist 0.02 - - - - 0.98 - - - - - - - - - 1.00 van der Bliek, N S Deputy Director, CTIO 0.02 0.04 0.94 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Vivas, A K Assistant Astronomer 0.73 0.25 - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - 1.00 Walker, A R Astronomer/Incumbent 0.12 0.83 - . - - - 0.01 - - - - 0.04 - - - 1.00 Walker, C Associate Scientist 0.22 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.78 - - 1.00 1 For the grant and other funding sources, refer to Table B-2. 2 B. Gregory is a part-time employee. 3 J. Kartaltepe left NOAO on August 21, 2015. 4 T. Lauer was on sabbatical year 5 M. Smith is a part-time employee. Technical, engineering and other staff with (other) external funding NSSC NSTC NOAO Grants / Name Title Research CTIO NS KPNO NN SDM SCD SUS TAC SI LSST OS EPO Dir. Outside1 Total Abraham, D Craftsman I - 0.00 - 0.98 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Aguirre, V Electronics Technician 3 - 0.95 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 1.00 Alvarez, R Technician Electronics 2 - 0.68 - - - - - - - 0.27 - - - - 0.05 1.00 Bird, NJ Administrative Manager - - - 0.93 - - - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.05 1.00 Bonati, M Computer Programmer 1 - 0.40 - - - - - - - 0.47 - - - - 0.14 1.00 Briones, J Mechanical Telescope 1 - 0.90 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.10 1.00 Cantarutti, R Manager Computer Services - 0.32 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.68 1.00 Cardemil, R Computer Programmer 3 - 0.18 0.53 - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.26 1.00 Cho, M K Chief Engineer - - - 0 ,22 - - - - - - 0.14 - - -

84B: KEY MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF NOAO ACTIVITY Technical, engineering and other staff with external funding (other) NSSC NSTC NOAO Grants / Name Title Research CTIO NS KPNO NN SDM SCD SUS TAC SI LSST OS EPO Dir. Afuera1 Total Claver , JA Research Associate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 1.00 Coil, K F Prog. Coord. II, Public Affairs - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.94 - 0.06 1.00 David, N M Assistant Engineer - 0.95 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 .05 1.00 Donaldson, J B Electronic Technical Supervisor - - - 0.95 - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 1.00 Dunlop, P Engineer - - - 0.96 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 1.00 Stay, O J Computer programmer 2 - 0.83 - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - 0.15 1.00 Feriend, R W Craftsperson III - - - 0, 90 0.09 - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Fitzpatrick, MJ Principal Software Systems Ing. - - - 0.00 - 0.97 - - - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Fitzpatrick, M R Special Projects Assistant I - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.92 - 0.08 1.00 Flores, S Electronic Technician 3 - - 0.91 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.09 1.00 García, L Maintenance person General I - - - 0.94 - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 1.00 Harris, R C Technical Associate II - - - 0.21 0.01 - - 0.01 - - - - - - 0.78 1.00 Hawes, M T KP Facilities Manager - - - 0.99 - - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Herrera, DA Senior Research Associate - - - 0.02 - 0.97 - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Hughes, J B Senior Scientific Programmer - - 0.48 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.52 1.00 Keith, H M Assistant of special projects I - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.98 - 0.02 1.00 Villarreal, L A Artesano I - - - 0.00 0.99 - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Lambert, R R LSST Network Architect - - 0.41 - - - - - - - - - - 0.59 1.00 Lane, S C Technical Associate II - - - 0.98 - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Levy, R Special Projects Assistant II - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.87 - 0.13 1.00 McManus, S G SDM Operations Manager - - - - - 0.93 - - - - - - - - 0.07 1.00 McQuiston, D General Handyman I - - - 0.96 - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 1.00 Moore, P C Senior Engineer - 0.22 0.23 - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - 0.50 1.00 Moreno, V Craftsperson II - 0.00 - 0.97 - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 1.00 Newhouse, M A Senior Web Developer - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.94 - 0.06 1.00 Ogalde, NH Electrical Technician 2 - 0.86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.14 1.00 Orders, I Electronic Technician 3 - 0.99 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Orrego, H Assistant Engineer - 0.97 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 1.00 Ortega, C J Special Projects Assistant I - - - - - - - - - - - 0.99 - 0.01 1.00 Parkes, E TelOps Manager - 0.97 - - - - - - - - - 0.03 1.00 Pinto , VM Instrument Manufacturer - 0.60 - - - - - - - 0.29 - - - - 0.11 1.00 81

85NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Externally Funded Technical, Engineering, and Other Staff (Other) NSSC NSTC NOAO Grants / Name Title Research CTIO NS KPNO NN SDM SCD SUS TAC SI LSST OS EPO Ext. Dir1 Laboratory Total Optics and Coatings Poczulp, G A Supervisor - - - 0.68 - - - - - - - - - - 0.32 1.00 Reddell, L R Associate Engineering - - - 0.99 - - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Repp, R A Instrument Workshop Facilities Sup. - - - 0.47 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - 0.50 1.00 Rivera, R Designer Illustrator 2 - 0.57 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.43 1.00 Roddy, W T Special Projects Assistant III - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.18 - 0.82 1.00 Rojas, D Senior Engineer - 0.98 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Rojas, J Senior Engineer - 0.98 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Rojas, M C Computer programmer 3 - 0.05 0.73 - - - - - - - - - - - 0 .22 1.00 Schurter, P. Senior engineer 0.78 0.10 - 0.10 - - - - - - - - 0.02 0.80 See, M A Craftsman II - - - 0.90 0.09 - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Segovia, C E Computer Programmer 3 - 0.05 0.92 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 1.00 Sparks, R T Specialist in Science Education I - - - - - - - - - - - - 0, 84 - 0.16 1.00 Stover, D M CAD Design Lead - 0.01 - 0.97 - - - 0.00 - - - - - - 0.02 1.00 Stupak, R J Technical Associate II - - - 0.99 - - - - - - - - - - 0.01 1.00 Shot, H Observer Specialist in support 2 - 0.86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.14 1.00 Warner, M Senior Engineer - 0.27 - - - - - - - 0.02 0.05 - - - 0.66 1.00 Watson , Z T Special Projects Assistant I - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.93 - 0.07 1.00 Winsky, J AOP Imager Guide - - - 0.63 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.37 1.00 Tech/Ing FTE Totals - 13.41 4 .23 15.63 1.18 2.88 - 0.04 0.02 1.10 0.21 - 7.62 - 10.58 58.08 1 For the grant and other funding sources, see Table B- 2. 82

86B: NOAO KEY MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC PERSONNEL ACTIVITY Table B-2 Sources of Grants and Other FTE Funding Listed in Table B-1 Sources of Grants and Other Funds (Non-NSF Basis) NSO/ATST/ Las TMT/ Univ. Name Title AURA LSST Gemini SOAR WIYN Companies SMARTS NASA VAO GSMT Total Projects Abraham, D Craftsperson I 0.02 0.02 Aguirre, V Electronic Technician 3 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.05 Alvarez, R Electronic Technician 2 0.02 0.03 0.05 Atlee, D Associate Researcher 1.00 1. 00 Bird, NJ Administrative Manager 0.05 0.05 Bonati, M A Computer Programmer 1 0.11 0.03 0.14 Briones, J D Telescope Mechanic 1 0.06 0.04 0.10 Cantarutti, R E Computer Services Manager 0.67 0.01 0.68 Cardemil, R C Computer Programmer 3 0.13 0.13 0.26 Cho, M K Principal Engineer 0.19 0.08 0.37 0.64 Claver , J A Research Associate 1.00 1.00 Coil, K F Program Coordinator III, Public Affairs 0.06 0.06 David, N M Assistant Engineer 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.05 Donaldson, J B Technical Supervisor Electronic 0.05 0.05 Dunlop, P Engineer 0.04 0.04 Stay, O J Computer Programmer 3 0.15 0.15 Everett , M Research Associate 1.00 1.00 Feriend, R W Craftsman III 0.01 0, 01 Fitzpatrick, M J Senior Software Systems Engineer 0.02 0.02 Fitzpatrick, M R Special Projects Assistant I 0.08 0.08 Flores, S D Electronic Technician 3 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.09 García, L General Handyman I 0.06 0.06 Gregory, B Senior Scientist 0.05 0.09 0.14 Harris, R C Associate Technician II 0.08 0.44 0.25 0.77 Hawes, M T KP Service Manager Facilities 0.01 0.01 Herrera, D A Senior Research Associate 0.01 0.01 Hughes, J B Senior Scientific Programmer 0.01 0.51 0.52 Inami, H Research Associate 1.00 1.00 Kaleida, C C Research Associate 0.11 0.11 Kartaltepe , J S Assistant Scientist 1.00 1.00 Keith, H M Special Projects Assistant I 0.02 0.02 Lambert, R R R Manager, CIS 0.14 0.45 0.59 Lane, S C Technical Associate II 0.01 0.01 0.02 Lauer, T R Head of Program- Science 0.28 0.28 Levy, R Project Assistant specials II 0.13 0.13 McManus, S G SDM Operations Manager 0.07 0.07 McQuiston, D General Maintenance Person I 0.04 0.04 83

87NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Mighell, K J Scientist 0.05 0.05 Moore, P C Senior Engineer 0.23 0.04 0.16 0.07 0.50 Moreno, V Artesano II 0.03 0.03 Narayan, G S Research Associate 1.00 1.00 Newhouse, M A Web Designer 0.06 0.06 Ogalde, NH Technical Electrical 2 0.08 0.06 0.14 Orders, I Electronic Technician 3 0.01 0.01 Orrego, H Assistant Engineer 0.03 0.03 Ortega, C J Special Projects Assistant I 0.01 0.01 Parkes, E TelOps Manager 0.03 0.03 Pinto, V M Instrument Manufacturer 0.11 0.11 Poc zulp, G A Supervisor of Optics and Coatings Laboratory 0.22 0.10 0.32 Pompea, S M Program Manager-EPO 0.18 0.18 Reddell, L R Associate Engineer 0.01 0.01 Repp, R A Instrument Workshop Facilities Supervisor 0.09 0.01 0.03 0.37 0.50 Ridgway, S T Astronomer/Incumbent 0.0 2 0.03 0.05 Rivera , R Designer Draftsman 2 0.40 0.01 0.02 0.43 Roddy, W T Special Projects Assistant III 0.82 0.82 Rojas, D Senior Engineer 0.01 0.01 0.02 Rojas, J Senior Engineer 0.01 0.01 0.02 Rojas, M C Computer programmer 3 0.03 0.12 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.22 Schirmer, K H Associate researcher 0.14 0.14 Schur ter, P. Engineer superior 0.02 0.02 See, M A Craftsperson II 0.01 0.01 Segovia, C E Computer Programmer 3 0.01 0.02 0.03 Shaw, R A Scientist 0.02 0.02 Sparks, R T Science Education Specialist I 0.16 0.16 Stobie, E B Head of Program-SDM 0. 01 0.01 STOver, D M CAD Leader 0.02 0.02 Stupak, R J Technical Associate II 0.01 0.01 Tirado, H A Observer Support Specialist 2 0.14 0.14 Villarreal, L A Craftsperson I 0.01 0.01 Warner, C M Senior Engineer 0.66 0.66 Watson, Z T Special Projects Assistant I 0.07 0.07 Winsky, J AOP Imager Guide 0.37 0.37 Totals: 1.02 2.20 0.59 1.06 0.51 0.51 0.69 6, 05 0.18 0.08 3.62 16.50 84

88NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT B.4 SCIENTIST STAFF PLANS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS p New Appointment in FY15 Non-NSF Funding (External) Term Ended in FY15 TIMOTHY ABBOTT, Scientist Research Interests Telescopes; instrumentation; telescope operations; late stages of binary star evolution; observational cosmology. FY 2015 Accomplishments As Telescope Scientist for the CTIO Blanco 4-m telescope, Abbott worked to ensure that CTIO and the Blanco telescope and its instruments, including the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), COSMOS, and the recently commissioned TripleSpec4, serve to the NOAO community with the best possible performance. . Abbott continued his involvement with the Dark Energy Survey (DES), marked in part by the appearance of scientific papers based on data produced for that collaboration during DECam's science verification and the first season of DES. Abbott participates in community observation programs using DECam. Abbott chaired the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) facility review. In fiscal year 2015, Abbott visited Columbia University, Cornell University, the University of Texas at Austin, and the Australian Astronomical Telescope, where he gave talks and other presentations describing the recent history and current capabilities of the Blanco telescopes. . Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Abbott will continue to support the CTIO in general and the Blanco telescope in particular as facilities of excellence for astronomy. He will continue to participate in DES and community observation programs. HELMUT A. ABT, Emeritus Astronomer Research Interests Stellar Evolution; star dynamics; publication studies Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Since 1973, Abt has studied stellar disks around rapidly rotating A-type stars. After five published papers on this topic, he summarized and expanded on the observed results in Hot Gaseous Stellar Disks Avoid Regions of Low Interstellar Densities, which will appear in the December issue of Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Such disks occur only in regions of moderate to dense interstellar environments. The proposed model is that when an A-type star passes through sheets of interstellar matter, it forms a disk. When it moves into a rare region, the disk is blown by the stellar wind. This takes several decades, so records come and go on that time scale. Abt also studied the lives of astronomers and found that they peak at age 85, while for the general population they peak at age 77. He published The Lifetimes of Astronomers in the August issue of the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. He continues to mentor two doctoral candidates at Peking University. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Abt remains concerned by the assumption that all exoplanets are disk systems like the solar system. The orbital elements of most of them are like double stars, not like the solar system. In a paper currently being reviewed by the Astronomical Journal, he shows that all observed features of exoplanets would be well explained if approximately 90% formed as independent condensations and 10% in disks. 85

89NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT LORI ALLEN, Scientist (KPNO Associate Director) Research Interests Star and Planet Formation; young star clusters; Near Earth Objects; infrared instrumentation Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Allen continued to work on the DECam NEO Survey, for which she is P.I. The second of three 10-night observing assignments was completed in April. Allen continued her collaboration with S. Willis and M. Marengo (Iowa State University), M. Dunham (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), S.T. Megeath (U. Toledo), J. Stauffer (IPAC) and H. Bouy (Centro de Astrobiología, Madrid) on infrared and submillimetre observations of galactic star-forming regions. She is a collaborator in the EOS (Earths in Other Solar systems) project of Astrobiology at the University of Arizona. Allen co-authored nine peer-reviewed papers on star formation in the Milky Way. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Allen and her team will submit at least one paper on the DECam NEO survey in the first quarter of fiscal year 2016. Allen will observe a 10-night minimum for the DESI MzLS in FY16. She will continue to collaborate on star and planet formation research. DAVID ATLEE, Research Associate ROBERT DAVID BLUM, Astronomer (Associate Director, NOAO) Research Interests Galactic Star Formation; Resolved Stellar Populations in the Local Group, Galaxy Formation, Near-Field Cosmology FY 2015 Achievements Blum continued to collaborate with D. Nidever (U. Michigan) and K. Olsen (NOAO) on the SMASH project to find and characterize stellar flows due to the interaction of the Magellanic Clouds. Blum established new computing resources at NOAO to process the many SMASH images through the PHOTRED crowded-field photometry pipeline in collaboration with Nidever and Olsen and the SMASH team. Blum has been processing SMASH data. Blum worked on the observation for the DECam Legacy Survey (DECaLS) Galaxy Imaging Survey, which will also provide targets for DESI. Blum published a paper with C. Barbosa (UNIVAP, Brazil), A. Damineli (University of So Paulo) and F. Navarete (University of So Paulo, first author) on the emission of molecular hydrogen in regions of massive star formation in the Galaxy. . Plans for FY 2016 Blum will continue work on the SMASH and DECaLS projects and also on the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS) which will begin at the Mayall telescope in February 2016. MzLS is a survey of northern galaxies for DESI guidance . Blum will work with the DESI Milky Way Task Force to plan a stellar DESI program that will be delivered in brilliant time by the DESI collaboration. CESAR BRICEO, Associate Scientist Research Areas Star formation; young stellar populations in OB Associations and star-forming regions; T Tauri stars; young brown dwarfs; protoplanetary disks; large-scale photometric and spectroscopic surveys 86

90B. KEY ACTIVITIES OF NOAO MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF FY 2015 Achievements Briceo continued to exploit SOAR capabilities for studies of young objects and nearby star-forming regions. On February 14, 2015, with S. Heathcote (CTIO), conducted a pilot program to use the SOAR AO Module (SAM), equipped with narrow band filters, to obtain images with a resolution of ~0.3 arcsec of Herbig-Haro (H-H) objects. This led to a successful 2015B proposal in collaboration with P. Hartigan (Rice University) to study H-H objects using very narrow band filters of their own design that will isolate the individual [SII] and [NII] lines, allowing the team to test the physics of impacted material on wide spatial scales at high angular resolution. In addition, with his colleague A. Tokovinin (CTIO) and collaborators from ESO and the University of Michigan, Briceo obtained time during 2015B to carry out a Speckle+SAM program in the Orion OB1 association to study multiplicity among members of the regions. out of the cloud of the complex. In addition to SOAR, through his Michigan collaborators, Briceño also used the recently new M2FS multifiber spectrograph at Magellan to perform a large-scale spectroscopic survey of the young, low-mass population in Orion OB1. Briceño instructed REU student Md. Karim (University of Rochester), who analyzed the time series photometry of ~2000 confirmed T-Tauri stars in the Orion OB1 association, based on observations from various telescopes and observatories that, as predicted in FY14, they were successfully combined into a single data set by K. Vivas (CTIO). The derived rotation periods for these 410-million-year-old stars fill an important age gap in our current inventory for young, low-mass stars, providing the necessary constraints for angular momentum evolution models. An article with K. Stassun (Vanderbilt) and Vivas will be featured soon. During August and September, Briceo worked with G. Suarez, a visiting student from the Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) on the Ensenada campus, on the analysis of VISTA Ks-band images of a sample of ~700 confirmed T Tauri stars. of Briceo's large-scale study. of the Orion OB1 association, to look for multiplicity. Other work involving Briceo was reported in three peer-reviewed papers: a study of the disk fraction in brown dwarfs in cluster 25 Ori (Downes et al. 2015) and two VLA studies of galactic star-forming regions (Dzib et al. 2015). and Ortiz-Len et al. 2015). He also co-authored several poster presentations at the January 2015 AAS meeting: Kaleida et al. 2015, Lackey et al. 2015, Contreras and Briceo 2015, and Grant et al. 2015. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Briceo hopes to release the big Orion OB1 survey document, which is nearly complete. With Vivas, he will work on the variability properties of the Orion OB1 sample set of T Tauri stars, through different ages; Because this is the only existing large-scale optical multi-epoch photometric survey that uses variability to identify young stellar populations, this study will provide key metrics to inform future large-scale synoptic surveys, such as the Galactic Plane component of LSST. The use of SOAR AO for multiplicity studies of young stars and high angular resolution studies of H-H objects will be projects in which Briceo will actively participate during 2016. Finally, he will continue with the multi-object spectroscopic study in Orion using M2FS at Magellan. ARJUN DEY, Astronomer Research interests Galaxy formation and evolution; large-scale structure; AGN; FY 2015 Achievements in Observational Cosmology Dey is the co-PI of the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS) and the PI of the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS), two very large public imaging surveys that will deliver spectroscopic targets for the dark energy. Spectroscopic instrument. DECaLS started in August 2014 and had its first data release in May 2015; the second data release is scheduled for December 2015. The MzLS survey will be conducted with an upgraded camera with improved z-band performance (MOSAIC camera will be equipped with 87

91NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT two 500 micron thick CCDs from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). Dey leads commissioning of the upgraded instrument and sky testing in preparation for MzLS. Deys' research focuses on different aspects related to the study of galaxy evolution: investigations of spatially extended large Lyman-alpha spots; understand the evolution and large-scale structure traced by high redshift Lyman-alpha emitters; studies of high redshift cumulus clouds; and investigate applications of network analysis for large-scale studies of structure and cosmology. The first two studies resulted in the discovery of a very large spinning gaseous disk at z = 1.7 and the discovery of a large protocumulus at z = 3.8. The network analysis project is generating new tools for the analysis of big survey data. Dey also studied the evolution of the Mg/Fe abundance ratio in the absorption lines of quasi-stellar objects (QSO) observed by the SDSS spectroscopic survey. Dey also participated in the scientific effort associated with the DESI project, attending a scientific collaboration meeting at FNAL. Dey has presented a paper on the discovery and monitoring of high redshift galaxy clusters in the Botes field. Dey attended a working group meeting at the Aspen Center for Physics, working on the DECaLS data and initiating two projects, one aimed at discovering galaxies of low surface brightness and the other at measuring the proper motions of stars in the DECaLS field. . He organized a workshop at NOAO for the DECaLS team to investigate the issues associated with processing, calibrating, and analyzing DECam pipeline data. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Dey will remain the NOAO project scientist for the DESI project and will continue to be involved in many scientific and technical aspects of the project. His main scientific effort will focus on DECaLS, MzLS and the pre-imaging effort for DESI. He will continue to work mainly on the evolution and clustering of galaxies, using various survey data. He plans to investigate the population of high redshift Lyman-alpha emitters and investigate their utility in understanding galaxy formation and clustering. He will continue projects studying the population of the most luminous galaxies in the ultraviolet with a high redshift, specifically the very bright galaxies that form stars at 3.5

92B. KEY MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITY OF NOAO STAFF SCIENTIST galaxies versus merger-induced starbursts), galaxy morphology, and stellar population properties, particularly at redshifts 1 < z < 3. Will also analyze data from observing programs Recent Keck MOSFIRE data that obtained near-infrared spectroscopy of IR-luminous galaxy candidates with higher redshifts, z > 3, and H-alpha kinematics for star-forming IR-luminous galaxies with redshift z 1.5. Dickinson expects to take a sabbatical during the second half of fiscal 2016. JONATHAN H. ELIAS, SOAR Director Research Interests Stellar Formation and Evolution; Magellanic Clouds; supernovae and novae; Observatory Operations FY 2015 Accomplishments Elias's functional responsibilities as SOAR director did not allow time for an active research program. FY16 Plans Elias' research time in FY16 is likely to be limited as well. MARK EVERETT, Research Associatep Research Interests Characterization of exoplanets; spectroscopy and high-resolution imaging Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Everett was a member of NASA's Kepler Mission Follow-Up Observing Program (KFOP). KFOP is a coordinated observing campaign to validate and characterize the transiting exoplanets found by Kepler. Everett conducted observations and managed data reduction and analysis for two key monitoring programs during this past KFOP observing season. One program determined the fundamental properties of candidate planet host stars by modeling spectra obtained with the Ritchey-Chrtien spectrograph on the Mayall 4-m telescope. Stellar properties, especially radii, were used to characterize the properties of transiting planets (for example, equilibrium temperatures and radii). A second program used speckle imaging at the WIYN and Gemini North telescopes to obtain high-resolution images toward the planet's host stars to detect and limit the presence of other nearby stars. Speckle images were used to determine the origin of the transit signals and to validate the planets whenever possible. For host stars with previously unresolved neighbors, corrections to planet properties (eg radii) were made and hierarchical binary host stars were identified and characterized. Plans for FY 2016 Final data products and publications of Everett's work at KFOP will be completed early in FY 2016. Everett anticipates continued work to characterize exoplanets, especially through the use of high-resolution imagery. STEPHEN HEATHCOTE, Astronomer (Associate Director, NOAO South) Research Interests Young Stellar Objects; Herbig-Haro exits; supernova remnants FY 2015 Achievements In collaboration with A. Crotts (Columbia University) and S. Lawrence (Hofstra University), Heathcote continued its program to monitor the close vicinity of SN1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud as the 89th

93NOAO FISCAL YEAR AF 2015 ANNUAL REPORT The high-velocity ejection from the supernova explosion invaded the circumstellar nebula formed by the loss of mass of the progenitor star, giving rise to a supernova remnant (SNR). During the 2014B semester, the Goodman spectrograph was used in SOAR to obtain low and medium resolution spectra, which are being used in combination with the data obtained with HST to probe the physical conditions and kinematics of the shock and the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) excited. gas within the SNR formation. In collaboration with C. Briceo (NOAO) and P. Hartigan (Rice University), Heathcote imaged the prototypical HH objects HH46/47 using the SAM ground layer adaptive optics system on SOAR. These images have provided an image quality of ~0.45 arcsec FWHM, good enough to allow their use, together with images obtained earlier with HST, to measure proper motions and study the temporal evolution of shock structures. within this Herbig-Haro flow. on a longer time basis. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Building on the success of the HH46/47 pilot study, Heathcote, Briceo, and Hartigan will continue to use SAM in SOAR to investigate physical conditions at Herbig-Haro objects. A state-of-the-art narrowband filter set has been purchased and will be used to cleanly separate the members of the [SII] 6717.31 doublet and to separate H from the [NII] 6548.84 bracket lines. In this way, it will be possible to study the distribution of electron density and excitation through these radiative shocks with a spatial resolution of less than half an arcsecond. Time allotted in semester 2015B will be used to obtain data on the HH 1/2 and HH 34 systems at Orion. As was done in the case of HH46/47, the resulting images will also be used, together with existing HST data, to measure proper motions and study the time evolution of shock structures. KATY GARMANY, Associate Scientist (Part Time) Research Interests Massive Star Formation and Evolution; astronomy education and outreach Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Garmany published a study of the rotational rates of outer disk B stars (2015, AJ, 150, 41) as first author; coauthors include J. Glaspey and K. Cunha. She co-taught astronomy at Tohono Oodham Community College and recruited postdocs for future classes there. She continued as Associate Press Director and worked with J. Najita, who will assume this position in fiscal year 2015. Plans FY16 Garmany retired on September 30, 2015; she has applied for emeritus status. If she is awarded, she will work to complete a photometric and spectroscopic survey of the northern open clusters. Much of this data was taken with NOAO REU students. She also looks forward to working with the Kitt Peak docent program to enhance the presentation of NOAO science to visiting public. KENNETH H. HINKLE, Scientist Research Interests Late Type and Peculiar Stars; variable stars; circumstellar and interstellar matter; spectroscopy; instrumentation FY 2015 Achievements R. Hargreaves and P. Bernath (Old Dominion University) published a paper in collaboration with Hinkle on small carbon-chain molecules in circumstellar envelopes. With E. Hartig (University of Vienna), J. Cash (South Carolina State University), and others, Hinkle published a paper using Kepler data to explore 90

94B. KEY ACTIVITIES OF NOAO SCIENTIFIC AND MANAGEMENT STAFF Micromagnitude photometric variations in light curves of long period variables. Hinkle collaborated with C. Gaan and J. Mikoajewska (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center) on a paper on the abundance of CNO and iron peak elements in the giant star in symbiotic binaries. Hinkle also co-authored a paper on the orbits of three S-type symbiotic binary systems with F. Fekel (Tennessee State University), R. Joyce (NOAO) and P. Wood (Australian National University). Hinkle co-authored with T. Lebzelter (University of Vienna), O. Straniero (University of Padova), and others on a paper on oxygen isotopic ratios in intermediate-mass red giants. During fiscal year 2015, Hinkle began work on moving the Phoenix spectrograph from Kitt Peak to Gemini South. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Hinkle, Lebzelter and Straniero will complete a paper on carbon and oxygen isotope ratios for a large set of TP-AGB variables. Hinkle also plans to complete a paper with C. Pilachowski (Indiana University) on carbon isotope ratios for a large ensemble of bright-field giants. Hinkle and Lebzelter will continue their research on the inner circumstellar envelopes of large-amplitude LPVs. Hinkle will continue his work with R. Joyce on the expanding debris cloud around Object Sakurais using Gemini observations. He will also continue work on circumstellar disks of post-AGB stars in collaboration with Joyce, S. Brittain (University of Florida), R. Gehrz (University of Minnesota), Lebzelter, S. Margheim (Gemini), J. Rajagopal (NOAO) and S.T. Ridgway (NOAO). Hinkle plans to continue his research on symbiotic binaries with Joyce, Fekel, Gaan, and Mikoajewska. By the end of 2015A, Hinkle expects to begin observing with the Phoenix spectrograph at Gemini South. HANAE INAMI, Research Associate DAVID JAMES, Associate Scientist RICHARD R. JOYCE, Scientist Research Interests Late Type Stars; mass loss; infrared detector and instrumentation development FY15 achievements Joyce continued a long-term project with K. Hinkle (NOAO), F. Fekel (Tennessee State University) and P. Wood (Australian National University) to determine the orbits of symbiotic stars by measuring their radial velocities at infrared wavelengths, emphasizing the largely unstudied southern sky. The observation portion of this program is complete and publication of the results continues. Continued observations of the final flash object V4334 Sgr with the Gemini GMOS and NIFS instruments confirmed the object's continuous brightness in the near-infrared and the spatial extent of the [He I] and [C I] emission resulting from the high velocity. wind from this object. Unfortunately, the important high-resolution imaging portion of the program could not be carried out. Initial results of the pilot program for the near-infrared SweetSpot study of type Ia supernovae have also been published. Plans for FY 2016 The observing portion of the infrared radial velocity measurements of symbiotic southern stars has been effectively completed, although the planned shipment from Phoenix to Gemini South may allow for additional observations. The current dataset will allow for multiple posts, which are ongoing. Joyce and Hinkle have submitted a proposal to continue monitoring the expansion of the ejecta of V4334 Sgr using Altair+NIRI at Gemini North. As the 4m Mayall Telescope Scientist, he will continue to liaise with the DESI project, primarily addressing the instrument's interface issues with the Mayall telescope and improving the delivered image quality and mechanical performance of the telescope. he will also be 91

95NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT involved in the Mosaic MzLS program on the Mayall 4m telescope to obtain precise coordinates for northern DESI targets. Joyce is also a member of the WIYN Science Board and Steering Committee. CATHERINE KALEIDA, Postdoctoral Research Associate, REU/PIA Student Coordinator (CTIO) Research Interests Star Clusters; stellar associations; stellar populations; formation, evolution and structure of galaxies; space junk; T-Tauri Stars, Carbon Enhanced Metal Poor Stars (CEMP) FY 2015 Achievements Kaleida continues to study stellar populations in nearby galaxies, with specific interest in characterizing stellar populations based on morphological type, luminosity, and size. In FY15, Kaleida extended these interests to the Milky Way galaxy, working with C. Briceo (CTIO) to narrow down the spectra of young, low-mass stars in the Orion OB1 association. He has continued his work on near-IR radial color profiles of galaxies in the Near Field Survey of Galaxies (R. Jansen 2000) using data from the ISPI infrared imager, and spent a week in FY15 with collaborator R. Jansen ( ASU) by creating a pipeline to reduce and analyze this data. Kaleida mentored 2015 CTIO REU student Cherish Prickett (Georgia Perimeter College) on a project characterizing space debris in images taken with the SMARTS consortium 0.9m telescope. Kaleida took observations for two research projects in which she is a collaborator: Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar HistorySMASH (PI: D. Nidever) and Identification Bright CEMP Stars in the RAVE Catalog (PI: V. Placco). These projects are ongoing and the results will be published in the coming years. Plans for FY 2016 Kaleida plans to continue downsizing images of near-infrared galaxies in the Near-Field Galaxy Survey and produce radial profiles for these galaxies in collaboration with R. Jansen (ASU), V. Parkash (Union College) and S. Loeffler. She will also train a REU student in FY16 to help produce these galaxy radial profiles and begin work on a draft for publication in the Astronomical Journal. She plans to complete the reduction of spectra of young, low-mass stars in the Orion OB1 association in collaboration with C. Briceo. These two projects will bring new knowledge to the fields of galaxy evolution and young stellar populations, respectively. JEYHAN KARTALTEPE, Assistant Scientist TOM KINMAN, Astronomer Emeritus Research Interests Galactic Structure; variable stars, particularly RR Lyrae stars and far-UV GALEX variables Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Kinman continued his attempts to identify far-ultraviolet variables in the Welsh+ (2005), Wheatley+ (2008), and Gezari+ (2013) catalogs. The 84 sources in the Welsh+ (2005) catalog comprise 47 pulsating stars, 17 K and M stars, and 15 earlier types. This catalog contains only 2 extragalactic sources compared to the Gezari+ (2013) which goes further and more than half of which are extragalactic sources of known redshift. The Welsh+ catalog contains 5 known cataclysmic variables and 5 white dwarf/dwarf dwarf binaries. Far-UV variability is an interesting underutilized indicator of stellar activity. W. Brown (Smithsonian) has taken spectra of several of these stellar sources. 92

96B. KEY MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITY OF NOAO SCIENTIFIC STAFF Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Kinman plans to continue its identifications in these GALEX catalogs of variable UV sources. A document on the subject is being prepared. TOD R. LAUER, Astronomer Research Interests Extragalactic Astronomy; normal galaxies; nuclear black holes; stellar populations; cosmology; astronomical image processing; Space-Based Dark Energy Research FY 2015 Achievements Lauer conducted several research programs on external galaxies, based on observations from the HST and Gemini. With co-investigators M. Postman (STScI) and M. Strauss (Princeton University), Lauer continued to work on the structure of the brightest clusters of galaxies (BCGs), based on CTIO and KPNO imaging and spectroscopy. Lauer and Postman (with other Co-Is) formulated a spectroscopic investigation of A2261-BCG, a galaxy that may have ejected its central black hole in the course of a merger. Lauer also joined the New Horizons science team, assisting with advanced reconnaissance of the Plutonian system for potentially hazardous objects to the spacecraft, as well as assisting with image processing of observations taken at the time of the Pluto encounter. Lauer served on the WIYN Board of Directors and as editor of the NOAO Newsletter, and chaired a community workshop, Tools for Astronomical Big Data. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Lauer will be on sabbatical leave for most of this year. His main activity will be to support the scientific analysis of the New Horizons images of Pluto and its satellite system. Lauer will continue his work on the NOAO-based BCG survey of the near Universe. The planned works will relate the BCGs to normal giant ellipticals, measure their ongoing interaction rates, and estimate the local peculiar velocity of the Local Group using a defined reference frame from the BCGs. Finally, Lauer will work on a tutorial related to the imaging problem. ROGER LYNDS, Emeritus Astronomer THOMAS MATHESON, Associate Astronomer Research Interests Supernovae; You do not go; gamma-ray bursts; transient phenomena; Cosmology Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Matheson co-authored three peer-reviewed publications in Fiscal Year 2015. One (Ridgway et al. 2014) was an analysis of the expected number of transient and variable alerts that can be expected from surveys in the space domain. large scale time. White et al. (2015, ApJ, 799, 52) used data from the Palomar transient fabric to study an unusual subclass of supernovae with low expansion velocities. The properties seem to imply that there are two different channels that can produce these events. Another paper (Ben Ami et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 40) used Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet spectroscopy of a type IIb supernova to study the diversity of these objects. Furthermore, the effects of circumstellar interaction are quite different in the ultraviolet. There were also conference proceedings on light echoes from ancient supernovae and eta Carina, as well as presentations at meetings on faint white dwarfs that can be used as spectrophotometric standards and on the Arizona-NOAO Temporal Analysis and Event Response System (ANTARES), a software infrastructure that will act as an intermediary for time domain survey alerts. Matheson also helped 93

97NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Develop the scientific case and operations proposal for a feasibility study for a possible Gemini (GEONIS) instrument with Caltech colleagues. Plans for FY 2016 Matheson will continue work on spectroscopic studies of light echoes from ancient SNe, including Cas A and Tychos SN in our galaxy, as well as light echoes from eta Carina. Matheson will work in low redshift Type Ia SNe looking for spectroscopic correlations with intrinsic luminosity. He will be further studying the general properties of low redshift supernovae. Matheson also leads spectroscopic observations of white dwarfs observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (PI: A. Saha) that will be used to develop a network of faint spectrophotometric standards. KENNETH J. MIGHELL, Scientist (KPNO REU Site Director)p Research Interests Stellar populations in local group galaxies; precision astrometry and stellar photometry; parallel processing astronomical image analysis applications; data science applications of large astronomical databases FY 2015 Achievements Mighell was site director for KPNO's 2015 Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program (details on FY 2015 participants can be found in Section 5.2 (Education and Public Outreach) In collaboration with E. Hartig (University of Vienna), J. Cash (University of South Carolina), K.H. Hinkle (NOAO), T. Lebzelter (University of Vienna), and D.K. Walter (University of Vienna). of South Carolina), Mighell published a paper on observations of AGB from the Kepler Space Telescope stars (Hartig et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 123). In collaboration with Hartig, Cash, Lebzelter, and Walter, Mighell published a paper of lecture on Kepler and long period variables (Hartig et al. 2015, ASPC, 497, 115 In collaboration with ST Ridgway (NOAO), T. Matheson (NOAO) and K.A. Olsen (NOAO), Mighell published a paper on the sky variable of deep synoptic studies (Ridgway et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 53) As a member of the NOAO Data Lab team (see Sections 4.3.2 [Scientific Data Management] and 4.3.3 [System Community Development]), Mighell was the leader of Requirements for the Data Lab Conceptual Design Review, which was conducted March 16, 1617. 2015. In collaboration with M. Fitzpatrick (NOAO), K. Olsen (NOAO), E.B. Stobie (NOAO) and P. Norris (NOAO), Mighell published a conference paper on the NOAO Data Lab. Mighell developed a Table Access Protocol (TAP) data access service to serve the USNO-A2 and USNO-B catalogs. Mighell began development of a quick view SourceExtractor-based pipeline for analysis of DECam observations to assist the Data Lab group in exploring the needs of time-domain astronomical science. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans As part of his NASA-funded ADAP research, Mighell will improve the precision of stellar photometry of the IRAC Warm Mission's observations of transiting exoplanets. As a member of the NOAO Data Lab team, Mighell will support development activities in preparation for the Data Lab Concept Demonstration at the 228th (June 2016) American Astronomical Society Meeting in San Diego, CA . JOAN NAJITA, Astronomer (Head of Program, Science Office) Research Interests Formation of stars and planets; circumstellar disks; infrared spectroscopy; chemistry and evolution of circumstellar disks 94

98B. KEY ACTIVITIES OF NOAO MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF FY 2015 Achievements Najita and S. Kenyon (CfA) demonstrated that planet detection statistics and measured solid reservoirs in T Tauri disks indicate that planet formation is underway. well underway at ages of a few million years, with a large fraction of solids having become large objects with low millimeter opacity and/or sequestered in small disk radii where they are difficult to detect at millimeter wavelengths. This comparison also implies that planet formation is highly efficient (>30%?) in converting solid disks to planets. With S. Andrews (CfA) and J. Muzerolle (STScI), Najita studied the demography of transitional discs in Ophiuchus and Taurus. The study confirms the earlier result that the accretion rates and masses of transitional disks, compared to those of normal T Tauri stars, are more consistent with the interpretation that transitional disks have formed one or more planets. giants. A. Glassgold (UC Berkeley) and Najita described the photochemical heating of dense molecular gas using simple quantitative estimates. Najita also worked with M. dmkovics (UC Berkeley) and Glassgold on the effect of stellar Ly radiation on the thermochemical structure of inner disk atmospheres. They found that it produces a new component of the disk's atmosphere (hot molecular gas), which may explain the origin of the ultraviolet fluorescent molecular hydrogen emission commonly detected in young stars. Plans for FY 2016 Najita and Kenyon are currently investigating the limitations imposed by the incidence rate of debris disks with warm IR excesses on how and how often terrestrial planets form. Najita, dmkovics, and Glassgold will extend their study of disks irradiated by the stellar Ly to larger disk radii to search for evidence that magnetorotational instability is active in T Tauri disks, as manifested by heating of disk gas. Several ongoing projects related to infrared spectroscopy with the Spitzer Space Telescope and TEXES on Gemini are also moving toward publication. GAUTHAM NARAYAN, Research Associate DARA NORMAN, Associate Scientist Research Interests Quasars and their environments; galaxy evolution; Large-Scale Structure FY 2015 Achievements Norman was on sabbatical leave from Howard University as a HU ADVANCE-IT Fellow from January to July 2015. Norman organized and contributed to a white paper for the National Research Council Committee ( NRC) on a strategy for optimizing the US Optical and Infrared (OIR) system in the Large Synoptic Surveying Telescope (LSST) era titled Maximizing the Scientific Performance of LSSTs: Ensuring the Involvement of Smaller Institutions by Liu , et al. Norman was the organizer of the 2015 Inclusive Astronomy conference, a gathering to build a more diverse and inclusive astronomy community, and was the main organizer of the Politics, Power and Leadership (PPL) sessions of the meetings. Norman also served on the science organizing committee for the NOAO Tools for Astronomical Big Data conference and organized the ASTRO science and mentoring sessions for the National Society of Black Physicists meeting in February. She worked on research projects with three Howard college students: one compared public and custom DECam data reductions; Two students worked with data from the Resolved Spectroscopy Of a Local Volume (RESOLVE) survey, on which Norman is a contributor. Norman continued her tenure as an AAS advisor, liaison to the Committee on the State of Minorities in Astronomy (CSMA), and a member of the Demographics Committee. 95

99NOAO FY 2015 FY16 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Planes Norman will present the scientific results of his work on AGN in the RESOLVE survey at the AAS conference in January 2016. He also plans to present recommendations to astronomy stakeholders from the PPL sessions of inclusive astronomy and organizing the NOAO mini-workshop on adaptive optics. KNUT A.G. OLSEN, Associate Astronomer (Program Manager, SCD) Research Interests Stellar populations and star formation histories of nearby galaxies; star clusters; Magellanic Clouds; Galactic Structure FY 2015 Achievements Olsen co-led the SMASH survey (PI: D. Nidever, University of Michigan and Project LSST), a NOAO survey program of the Magellanic Clouds and their distant periphery. Olsen assisted with observation planning, photometry processing, and various aspects of survey management. Olsen co-authored a paper announcing the discovery of a new dwarf galaxy, Hydra II, from the SMASH data (Martin et al. 2015, ApJL, 804, L5). Olsen continued as the lead supervisor for H. Dong (NOAO, now Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía) on work for the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasure (PHAT) project, an HST multicycle treasury survey of 825 orbits of the disk and bulge of M31 . Olsen co-authored a paper reporting the discovery of an intermediate-aged population in the M31 bulge (Dong et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 4126). Olsen co-authored two other articles in fiscal year 2015. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Olsen will continue to co-lead the SMASH survey. Specific tasks will be organizing the publication of Year 1 data, helping to publish the survey overview document as well as additional scientific papers, and working with the DES Collaboration on a project to search for new dwarf galaxies associated with the Magellanic Clouds. . Olsen will complete a project using PHAT data. Olsen will also complete work on a project to understand the dynamics of a cumulative population of stars from the Small Magellanic Cloud to the Large Magellanic Cloud. SEAN D. POINTS, Associate Scientist Research Interests Interstellar Medium; Magellanic Clouds; evolved stars; astronomical instrumentation; data pipelines FY15 Logros Points continued its work calibrating the data obtained by the Magellanic Cloud Emission Line Study (MCELS) with R. C. Smith and L. Paredes (NOAO/CTIO) and A. Rest (STScI). Points was an active member of a team conducting an X-ray survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using XMM led by F. Haberl (Max-Planck-Institut fr extraterrestrische Physik). This X-ray survey, together with the MCELS data, has led to a peer-reviewed paper in FY15: XMM-Newton Study of 30 Doradus C and a Newly Identified MCSNR J0536-6913 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (2015, A&A , 573 , A73). Points also successfully used the COSMOS spectrograph on the CTIO Blanco 4m telescope with visiting observers. Plans for FY 2016 Points plans to continue his work to obtain the final flow calibration of the MCELS data set and his collaboration with Haberl to determine the physical properties of supernova remnants in the LMC. Puntos will also work with L. Paredes and P.F. Winkler (Middlebury College) on the selected MCELS 96 exam

100B. KEY MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITY OF NOAO SCIENTIFIC STAFF Fields containing previously identified CML planetary nebulae (PNe). They will use this data to determine color-to-color diagnoses that can be used to identify previously unknown ePNs in CML. Finally, Points will work with T. Beers and V. Placco (University of Notre Dame) to conduct a spectroscopic investigation of carbon-rich, metal-poor stars in the Milky Way. Points is also working with E. Olszewski (University of Arizona) to perform a standard White Dwarf (WD) observing program for future LSST studies with the Goodman spectrograph at SOAR. STEPHEN POMPEA, Observatory Scientist (Program Manager, EPO) Research interests Science education based on inquiry and research; scientific identity formation; astronomical instrumentation; lighting engineering Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Pompea continued its research work on the spectral characterization of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and on spectrally selective surfaces for stray light control. He served as founding chair of the NSF-sponsored 100-Meter Telescope Public Outreach, Education and Workforce Advisory Group and on the LSST National Outreach Advisory Board. Pompea was active as a member of both the Optical Society of America and SPIE, the International Society for Optics and Photonics. Pompea is a Co-Investigator Investigator in NSF's Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings Research Collaborative: Project STEAM: Integrating Art with Science to Build Scientific Identities Among Girls, which has now run six academies Of summer. She served as Principal Investigator for the Science Foundation's now completed Arizona Galileoscope Star Festival Program and as Co-Director of an IAU project for the International Year of Light to develop quality lighting teaching kits. . Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Pompea will continue her service work in science education and support other national initiatives in science education, including work exploring how best to work with Native Americans in science education settings. She will continue her research work on scientific identity formation in high school girls in support of the STEAM Project and her research on high contrast/low stray light for imaging and spectroscopic systems. Pompea will help protect the dark skies around observatories through a better understanding of the spectral characteristics of LED street lighting. She will also participate in the educational activities that she proposed in the now approved plan for the creation of the Gabriela Mistral Dark Sky Sanctuary. RONALD G. PROBST, Scientist Research Interests Instrumentation for large telescopes; star formation; Improving Telescope Image Quality FY 2015 Achievements Probst, together with G. Stringfellow (University of Colorado), continued an observation program, variability studies of protostars and young stellar objects in star-forming regions, with the WIYN 0.9m telescope on Kitt Peak. Probst was a co-investigator on several NEWFIRM programs on the Mayall 4m telescope. He was involved as a NOAO DESI System Scientist in planning the DESI implementation on the Mayall Telescope. He worked as an ad hoc reviewer of proposals to CONICYT (Chile) in the areas of development of instruments and observatories. 97

101NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT FY16 Planes Probst will continue the previously mentioned WIYN 0.9m telescope program. He will be a co-investigator in a NEWFIRM program focused on the evolution of high redshift galaxies. He will continue his involvement in DESI preparations, including presentations at the 2016 SPIE meeting on astronomical telescopes and instrumentation. He will continue working as a reviewer for CONICYT. JAYADEV RAJAGOPAL, Associate Scientist Research Interests Circumstellar dust disks; high angular resolution techniques in optics/infrared; wide-field images of asteroids and comets FY 2015 achievements Rajagopal continued a survey of active asteroids (asteroids showing comas and tails, indicating loss of mass) on the WIYN 3.5m telescope using the optical imager of a degree (ODI). The lateral field and high resolution offered by ODI has enabled deep imaging of extended structures. Rajagopal collaborated with D. Jewitt (University of California, Los Angeles), H.E. Ridgway (NOAO), Ralph Kotulla (U. Wisconsin) and W. Liu (WIYN) on this show. Rajagopal is a member of the team led by L. Allen (NOAO) that is using the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) wide-field imager on the Blanco 4m telescope at CTIO to initiate a three-year survey targeting near-ear objects. the earth. (NEO). Rajagopal mentored a 2015 KPNO REU student, Erik Sandberg, who worked on methods for selecting active asteroids from the numerous main belt asteroids detected by this NEO survey. Rajagopal also led the team that conducted a six-night science verification program as part of the commissioning of the extended focal plane One Degree Imager at WIYN. The SV data will help characterize the photometric capability of ODI and produce a catalog of variable sources to explore cadence metrics. Plans for fiscal year 2016 Rajagopal will continue the investigation of active asteroids and will publish the results. He will continue to participate in the NEO search program using DECam and assist in data analysis and publication of the first results from him. This will include an ancillary science objective to investigate widespread low-level mass loss from main-belt asteroids, an effort initiated through the 2015 REU program. It will continue the study, at high angular resolution, of circumstellar material around evolved stars (post-AGB) using interferometric techniques and extreme adaptive optics. AMY REINES, Postdoctoral Associate (Hubble Fellow)p Research Areas of Interest Massive black holes in dwarf galaxies and the origin of supermassive black hole seeds; evolution of galaxies and massive black holes, scale relationships; Active galactic nuclei, impact on their host galaxies, and star formation; Starburst dwarf galaxies; Super Star Clusters and Globular Cluster Formation Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Reines plans to continue the search for massive black holes in dwarf galaxies, conduct follow-up studies of existing samples of dwarf galaxies hosting massive black holes, and conduct further research on the relationships scale of black hole host galaxies. STEPHEN T. RIDGWAY, Astronomer 98

102B. KEY ACTIVITIES OF NOAO SCIENTIFIC AND MANAGEMENT STAFF Research Interests Synoptic Surveys; LSST survey strategy; variable sky; transients; alerts; high angular resolution imaging; stellar physics; exoplanetary systems; high dynamic range imaging; coronagraphy FY 2015 Achievements Ridgway and collaborators T. Matheson, K. Mighell, and K. Olsen (NOAO), and S. Howell (NASA Ames Research Center) published "The Variable Sky of Deep Synoptic Surveys" (2014, ApJ, 796 , 53), with numerical predictions for total numbers and variable target discovery rates in the LSST. He collaborated in the publication of several research papers in the area of ​​stellar physics based on infrared interferometry. Ridgway also supported the development of the WFIRST/AFTA mission by serving on an ongoing NASA technical advisory committee, and was involved in the CHARA Array adaptive optics upgrade project. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Ridgway will work with NOAO's System Science and Data Center, and the NOAO Data Lab and ANTARES projects, developing NOAO's plans and capabilities in the area of ​​synoptic studies. He will continue his research with optical interferometry and continue his work as a collaborator in the implementation of adaptive optics in the CHARA interferometer and as a consultant in the area of ​​high dynamic range imaging technology for space missions. SUSAN RIDGWAY, Assistant Astronomer ABHIJIT SAHA, Astronomer Research Interests Stellar populations; extragalactic distance scale; RR Lyrae stars, Cepheids, and long-period pulsating variables; photometry and spectrophotometry; Magellanic Clouds; galactic bulge; galactic structure; astronomy in the time domain; Near-Field Cosmology FY15 Achievements Saha led the collaborative project to establish DA white dwarfs as standard SED sources. The photometry of the Cycle 20 HST images has been supplemented with spectroscopic data from Gemini (and other telescopes). Predictions of the spectral power distributions of these stars from parameters derived from their spectra (from Gemini and other telescopes) are compared with photometry from the HST images. The information has been analyzed in multiple ways and has produced a self-consistent standardization of these stars to sub-percentage accuracy. The presentation of a work is imminent. A separate high priority project has been the analysis of the Synoptic Survey of the Galactic Bulge (SSGB) using DECam images. Multiband colors in the minimum light of more than 600 fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars have been used to derive line-of-sight redness and extinction. The data allow a reexamination of the reddening law. They allow red to be removed from the CMD and Hess diagrams, which in turn will reveal the star formation history of the central regions of the galaxy. Saha was also an active participant in the SMASH collaboration to study the outer regions around the Magellanic Clouds. He completed and published work on metallicity distribution functions in four dwarf galaxies spanning a variety of star formation histories from HST data. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Saha will continue to focus on establishing DA white dwarfs as standard spectrophotometric stars. Additional comprehensive data is currently being obtained from the HST and the Gemini Observatory and will be analyzed to build on the work done so far. When complete (estimated in 2017), about 20 SED standards in equatorial and northern declinations will be defined and evenly distributed in RA. A search of 99

103NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Suitable southern targets are also being pursued and are highly relevant for accurate calibration of LSST photometry. Analysis of the SSGB data will continue and, when complete (estimated in 2017), will sample selected regions of both the bar and the spheroidal component of the central galaxy. Population analysis from reddening-free Hess diagrams will begin at the end of FY 2016. Saha will also continue to supervise Brian Brondel's PhD work on the derivation of star formation histories of the outer regions of the Clouds of Magellan. COLETTE SALYK, Research Associate (Leo Goldberg Fellow) Research Interests Formation of planetary systems; observations of protoplanetary disks; Infrared and Millimeter Wave Spectroscopy FY 2015 Achievements Salyk continued his studies of protoplanetary disks. She co-authored CO Attenuation and Absorption towards the AA Tau Protoplanetary Disk: A Downflow Caused by Disk Instability? (Zhang et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 55). She was the lead author of Detection of Water Vapor in the Terrestrial Planet Forming Region of a Transitional Disc (Salyk et al. 2015, ApJL, 810, L24). This document was highlighted by AAS NOVA. Salyk was also a co-investigator on an accepted NASA NExSS grant, Earths in Other Solar Systems: Toward the Formation and Discovery of Planets with Biocritical Ingredients. Salyk has given invited colloquia at the University of Washington, New Mexico State University, Vassar College, and the Academia Sinica's Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. She also taught introductory astronomy, Astro 102: Stars and Galaxies, at Tohono Oodham Community College, contributing to NOAO's outreach efforts in the Tohono Oodham Nation. RICHARD A. SHAW, scientist Research Interests Late stages of stellar evolution; planetary nebulae; Magellanic Clouds; astrophysical plasmas; variable and transitory phenomena; astronomical software and data standards; processing, archiving, and analysis of astronomical data sets Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Shaw et al. R. Dufour (Rice University), R. Henry (University of Oklahoma), B. Balick (University of Washington), K. Kwitter (Williams College) and R. Corradi (IAC) analyzed long-slit cospatial spectra with HST/STIS of ten galactic PNe for a detailed study of ISM abundances and enrichment mechanisms. The main focus is on elemental abundance yields and validation of direct abundance measurement techniques using observation constraints and photoionization models. Shaw, together with collaborators V. Luridiana (IAC) and C. Morisset (UNAM), released the PyNeb package, which is the successor to the popular nebular analysis package in STSDAS. As part of the IAU FITS Working Group, Shaw, L. Chiappetti (INAF), W. Pence (GSFC) and colleagues prepared new technical chapters for version 4.0 of the FITS standard, which is currently under revision. Plans for FY 2016 Shaw, with PI L. Stanghellini (NOAO) and others, will continue to collect data and analyze a broad imaging and IR spectroscopic survey of the angularly small galactic PNe. They are collaborating with T.-H. Lee (Western Kentucky University) to analyze deep optical spectra of these nebulae. These spectra, over 100

104B. THE ACTIVITY OF NOAO KEY MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIST STAFF using archival HST images and Spitzer infrared spectrograph spectra, will enable them to understand the earliest phase of NP evolution and, in particular, to explore alpha element yields in the low-mass NP progenitors. DAVID SILVA, Principal Scientist (Director, NOAO) Research Interests Early Type Galaxy Formation and Evolution; extragalactic stellar populations; exoplanet host stars, observatory operations; end-to-end data management systems FY 2015 achievements Based on high spatial resolution imagery, Everett et al. (2015, AJ, 149, 55) published revised parameters for exoplanets for a small sample of gravitationally bound binary star systems. Silva contributed to the conceptual design of the NOAO Data Lab (Fitzpatrick et al. 2014, Proceedings of the SPIE, vol. 9149). Silva finished a three-year term as president of the IAU's Division B of Facilities, Technologies and Data Science. Fiscal Year 2016 Plans Silva is part of a team awarded HST Cycle 23 time to expand the Next Generation Spectral Library (NGSL), which built on the results of previous successful HST programs led by Silva and M. Gregg (University of California at Davis; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory). Silva is part of the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS) team, which will carry out a deep wide-field z-band survey using the Mayall 4m telescope and a new mosaic camera during the 2016A and 2017A semesters. Silva will also continue to participate in the NOAO Data Lab project as a co-investigator. R. CHRIS SMITH, Astronomer (AURA Chile Mission Chief) MALCOLM SMITH, Astronomer (part-time) Research Interests Global environmental impact of light pollution; Galaxy and Quasar Formation and Evolution FY 2015 Achievements Smith served as designated lead of AURA's successful four-person proposal with C. Smith (AURA-O), S. Pompea (NOAO), and P. Sanhueza (Office for the Protection of the Quality of the Skies of Chile) to the International Dark Skies Association (IDA) for the AURA-O property in the Elqui Valley of Chile to be declared the first International Dark Skies Sanctuary in the world. AURA-O has thus become the first professional observatory in the world to be recognized by IDA as a Dark Sky Place. Smith served on the organizing committees of two IAU General Assembly focus groups and delivered an oral presentation (in collaboration with Smith and Sanhueza) covering UNESCO's expanded case study for AURA as a window to the universe. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 M. Smith plans to continue working with the IAU and in collaboration with Smith and Sanhueza to support obtaining some form of UNESCO World Heritage nomination to protect AURA-O and other international professional observatories. He intends to work with the community of Río Hurtado (in the valley immediately below Cerro Pachn) to propose to IDA some type of recognition of Dark Sky Place for Río Hurtado as part of a buffer zone to be developed in the surrounding communities. of AURA-O. 101

105NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT VERNE V. SMITH, Astronomer (NSSC Associate Director) Research Interests High Resolution Spectroscopy; cosmochemistry; nuclear astrophysics; chemical evolution; stellar populations; stellar atmospheres; Stellar Evolution Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Smith continued to work extensively on the SDSS IV project titled Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2). Smith participated in various projects within APOGEE-2 and is the lead on two of these projects. He co-authored several APOGEE papers, including ones that derived chemical abundance gradients across the Milky Way and revealed the importance of stellar radial migration, as well as a paper that produced large-scale chemical maps of the Milky Way. During fiscal year 2015, Smith continued as the lead scientist for the APOGEE-2 list of spectral lines, which is used to produce the theoretical stellar spectral grids that are then compared to observed spectra to derive stellar parameters and chemical abundances; this list of lines is regularly updated with improved atomic and molecular data. During fiscal year 2015, Smith led the effort to include H2O spectral lines in the APOGEE-2 bandpass (which totaled some 26 million lines), and this inclusion is allowing APOGEE-2 to push the effective temperature limits. from the survey of 3500K to 2500K. allowing the analysis to include brown dwarfs. Another of Smith's main research areas involves studies of exoplanet-hosting stars in which precise stellar parameters and chemical abundance distributions are derived. In this field, he worked with and helped advise two postdoctoral fellows, one a Carnegie Postdoctoral Fellow at the Carnegie Institution of Washington and the other a NASA Postdoctoral Fellow at the Goddard Spaceflight Center. Smith also worked on stellar rotation and lithium in red giant branch stars to study the possibility of substellar mass buildup in red giants as they evolve into the giant branch. Plans for FY 2016 Smith will continue to spend a significant fraction of his research time working on APOGEE-2, with the plan to lead much of the work to improve the list of spectral lines used to build the model spectra, which will then conform to those observed. best-fit spectra yielding detailed stellar parameters and chemical compositions. He will help the APOGEE-2 team prepare for a major data release in July 2016 (DR13), which for the first time will include results for dwarf stars and brown dwarfs with effective temperatures as low as 2500K. He will also continue to vigorously investigate the correlation of detailed stellar chemistry in exoplanet-hosting stars with their planetary system architectures, and much of this work will be done in the Kepler fields (both the original Kepler field and the ecliptic fields). K2). DAVID SPRAYBERRY, Principal Scientist (Program Manager, NOAO Systems Technology Center) Research Interests Instrument development and construction; observatory operations; technological development; statistics and evolution of the population of galaxies; large-scale structure of the Universe; dark energy Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Sprayberry managed NOAO's Northern Engineering and Technical Services (NN ETS) group in Tucson and at Kitt Peak. In connection with that role, Sprayberry also served as project manager for NOAO's efforts to prepare the Mayall 4m telescope for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Sprayberry oversaw the completion of the last instrument built with ReSTAR supplemental funding, TripleSpec4, which was commissioned on the Blanco 4m telescope in 2015. Sprayberry was a member of the design review panel for a LSST camera project managers review in the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) from June 30 to July 2, 2015. 102

106B. KEY ACTIVITIES OF NOAO MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Sprayberry will spend 1015 nights observing at Kitt Peak, conducting a portion of the data collection for Mayall's Legacy Z-Band Survey. Otherwise, Sprayberry expects to be fully committed to its programmatic responsibilities with NN ETS and DESI in FY16. LETIZIA STANGHELLINI, Associate Astronomer Research Areas Stellar structure and evolution; galactic and extragalactic planetary nebulae (PNe); stellar populations FY15 Achievements Stanghellini, L. Magrini (INAF-Arcetri) and colleagues completed a project on metallicity gradients of spiral galaxies that are morphological twins of well-studied nearby spirals. The published results show that the radial oxygen gradients are similar in the twin galaxies, unless strong environmental or nuclear features are present. Stanghellini collaborated with T.-H. Lee (WKU) and R. Shaw (NOAO) to complete a set of compact galactic PNe optical spectra to test the metallicity gradient in the galactic plane and constraint models of stellar evolution. With A. Manchado (IAC), Shaw, and other collaborators, Stanghellini published the GSAOI imaging data of Galactic PN NGC2346, revealing unprecedented spatial resolution and many molecular filaments. Together with P. Ventura (INAF-Rome) and others, Stanghellini published a comparison between Magellanic Cloud PN data and new stellar evolution yields from dust-producing models. In the last year Stanghellini submitted a proposal to the IAU for a new Commission focused on PNe. The application was successful and Stanghellini is the current president and member of the steering committee of Division H. Plans for FY 2016 Stanghellini, with Magrini, plans to observe emission line probes in additional spiral galaxies to detect their radial metallicity gradients, and will complete the observable sample with NGC2403, which will be observed with GMOS on Gemini. Lee, Shaw, and Stanghellini are now analyzing terrestrial data from the galactic NP to study its abundance. The compact galactic NP dataset will be published later as a catalogue. Stanghellini will continue the collaboration with Ventura to compare the new evolutionary models with Galactic PNe. Stanghellini will work on a GAIA related project in 2016 with Mario Lattanzi (INAF-Turin) to set the stage for calculating accurate galactic metallicity gradients when GAIA astrometry becomes publicly available. Stanghellini is one of the chairs, together with A. Karakas (MSSSO) and X. Liu (Peking University), of the IAU Symposium 323, Planetary Nebulae, to be held in Beijing in 2016. STEPEHN STROM, Emeritus Astronomer ANDREI TOKOVININ , Astronomer Research Interests Statistics and formation of binary and multiple stars; adaptive optics; on-site testing Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Tokovinin supported operations of the SAM AO system and speckle camera in SOAR, as well as the CHIRON instrument on the 1.5m telescope. He developed and installed the slit-viewing camera for the Goodman spectrograph at SOAR. Together with B. Mason (USNO), W. Hartkopf (USNO), R. Mendez (Universidad de Chile), and E. Horch (South Connecticut State University), Tokovinin published SOAR speckle interferometry results in 2014 (1,636 measurements, 56 newly resolved pairs, 194 updated or new orbits; 2015, AJ, 150, 50). Tokovinin, D. Latham (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) and 103

107NOAO FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Mason discovered the unique HD 91962 quadruple system with architecture similar to planetary systems (2015, AJ, 149, 195). He also worked on multisystem radial velocity surveys, focusing on discovering subsystems in secondary components (AJ accepted paper). Tokovinin collaborated with L. Roberts (JPL), R. Riddle (California Institute of Technology), et al. on the follow-up work related to the high multiplicity survey with Robo-AO; Two new host exoplanet companions have been discovered (2015, AJ, 149, 118), and observations with the Hale AO system are accepted for publication. Tokovinin reviewed several articles for astronomical journals and two NSF proposals. He gave invited talks at the Catholic University in Santiago and at the TRENDY workshop in Haifa. Plans for FY 2016 Tokovinin will continue multi-star observations using imaging and spectroscopy, focusing on the orbits and dynamics of star systems with three or more components. He will continue the Kepler-2 object speckle imaging program initiated in fiscal year 2015 in collaboration with J. Schmitt (Yale University) and D. Fisher (Yale University). He plans to publish the study of the eccentricity distribution of wide binaries using a novel statistical approach, in collaboration with O. Kiyaeva (Pulkovo Observatory). Tokovinin will prepare an article on the SAM instrument for a peer-reviewed journal and will carry out several projects related to improving the operation of the SOAR telescope. In collaboration with N. Law (UNC), he will work on the new high-order adaptive optics instrument for SOAR. FRANCISCO VALDES, Scientist Research Interests Cosmology; gravitational lensing; stellar spectroscopy; search for solar system objects; surveys; astronomical software; search for extraterrestrial intelligence Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Valdés was co-principal investigator on two DECam survey programs: the DECam NEO Survey and the DECam Legacy Survey (DECaLS), which began collecting data during fiscal year 2014. DECaLS completed distributions of previous and first data. The remainder of Valdess's time was associated with the program as the leader of the SDM Pipeline Group, which is responsible for the DECam community, NEWFIRM, MOSAIC and ODI pipelines and provides support for IRAF scientific applications. He also created a pipeline for the DESI target survey using the University of Arizona Bok Telescope and a new version of the NOAO Mosaic Imager pipeline. Plans for fiscal year 2016 Valdés will complete the DECam NEO Survey and publish the initial results. He will participate in ongoing DECaLS, Bok and Mosaic surveys related to DESI, mainly in the areas of instrument calibration. He will collaborate with the LSST data management group. NICOLE VAN DER BLIEK, Scientist (NOAO South Deputy Director and NOAO-S Head of Facilities Operations) Research Interests Instrumentation; young stars; cool stars Fiscal Year 2015 Accomplishments During fiscal year 2015, van der Bliek became Head of Facilities Operations for NOAO South, originally on an interim basis but on a permanent basis effective January 2015. She is also deputy director of CTIO. Only a very small amount of time was left for research, which was focused on an ongoing project to study multiplicity 104

108B. KEY MANAGEMENT AND NOAO SCIENTIFIC STAFF ACTIVITY of Herbig Ae/Be stars and the immediate surroundings of some of these multiple systems. These projects are collaborations with B. Rodgers and S. Thomas (LSST). Van der Bliek also continued the study of two star-forming regions, Musca and the Witch Head Nebula, IC2118, in collaboration with T. Prusti (ESTEC/ESA), K. Rygl (ESTEC/ESA) and S. Vincente (University of Groningen). Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Van der Bliek will continue as Head of Facilities Operations for NOAO South and Deputy Director of CTIO. His scientific efforts will remain modest and will focus on Herbig Ae/Be stars, the multiplicity, and the environment of these multiple systems. Van der Bliek will also continue research with T. Prusti and collaborators from ESTEC/ESA in the two star-forming regions Musca and IC 2118, for which optical and near-infrared data have been obtained. A. KATHERINA VIVAS, Assistant Astronomer Research Interests Variable stars; stellar populations in the Milky Way and its satellites; galactic halo; stellar fluxes Achievements FY15 During FY15 Vivas continued working on the detection and characterization of variable stars (RR Lyrae, dwarf Cepheids, anomalous Cepheids, eclipsing binaries) in satellites of the Milky Way. Preliminary results on the Sextans dwarf galaxy were presented at the DECam science community workshop held in Tucson in March 2015. In addition, a comprehensive search for variable stars on the recently discovered ultra-faint satellite Hydra II was completed during FY15, with a article, of which she is lead author, submitted to the Astronomical Journal. The discovery of a RR Lyrae star in this small galaxy made possible a more precise determination of the distance to the satellite. Vivas also worked on the search for substructures in the galactic halo using kinematic information from the RR Lyrae stars, focusing on the Virgo Overdensity (VOD) region. The results of this study were presented at two conferences: Satellites and Streams (Santiago, April 2015) and Local Group Astrostatistics (Ann Arbor, June 2015). Vivas has been active in several major collaborations, including the SMASH collaboration (PI: D. Nidever, LSST), Blanco DECam Bulge Survey (PI: M. Rich, UCLA), Near Field Cosmology with RR Lyrae stars Group (PI: M. Catelan, PUC, Chile), HiTS (PI: F. Forster, Universidad de Chile) and Dark Energy Survey (PI: J. Frieman, Fermilab). Two articles from these collaborations were published during fiscal year 2015 (Martin et al. 2015, Ting et al. 2015). Vivas is also working with C. Briceo (CTIO) on the analysis of time series of T Tauri stars; Preliminary results of this work were presented at the Star Formation Frontiers conference (Ann Arbor, June 2015). Vivas also participated in the LSST Project and Community Workshop held in Bremerton, WA in August 2015, and is serving as a co-lead in writing one of the chapters of a cadence white paper. Vivas mentored a REU student over the summer. Planes FY16 Vivas plans to analyze, with collaborators from Blanco DECam Bulge Survey (BDBS), time series obtained with Blanco/DECam on another of the new satellites of the Milky Way, Sagittarius II. The goal is to find RR Lyrae stars that serve as standard candles to improve the estimate of the distance to this galaxy. The presence of other types of variable stars such as anomalous Cepheids or dwarf Cepheids will provide additional information about the stellar populations present in the galaxy. Vivas will also work on an extension to a study to search for additional tidal populations around the Omega Centauri globular cluster. Debris from Omega Cen has been identified in the solar neighborhood. However, different studies have not been able to find debris material near the cluster. This project will attempt to identify such debris using the kinematics of RR Lyrae stars, from the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey, as trackers. The data for this project were obtained with the Goodman SOAR+spectrograph telescope during 2015. Vivas will continue working with the 105

109NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT collaborations mentioned in Achievements. In particular, he will work with the DES Milky Way Working Group in the search for halo variable stars. ALISTAIR WALKER, Astronomer Research Interests Stellar Populations; local group galaxies; the distance scale; astronomical instrumentation FY15 Achievements Walker is an active member of several collaborations: DES, DECaLS, SMASH, and BRAVA-RR. His particular interest is in galactic structure and in determining the properties of nearby dim, low-brightness galaxies associated with our Galaxy or possibly with the Magellanic Clouds, which are being discovered in large numbers with the Dark Energy Camera. (DECam). Walker participated in the analysis and publication of the results of the first year of observations from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History (SMASH) project. He continued his work on the stellar populations and variable star content of the Local Group dwarf galaxies, with two papers published on Carina (edited by G. Bono, Universit degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata) and one on the structure and extent of the Large Magellanic Cloud from DES Scientific Verification Observations. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 As a member of the DES Working Group on Milky Way Studies, Walker will continue to be involved in the analysis and interpretation of DES stellar observations. Observations to discover RR Lyraes in several of the newly discovered faint companion galaxies are planned (led by K. Vivas, NOAO), to measure precise distances and help characterize the star formation history of these building block structures. He is also involved in transient science, the tracking of LIGO triggers, and the discovery and tracking of trans-Neptunian objects found in DES supernova fields. The Bulge Radial Velocity Assay (BRAVA-RR) project (led by A. Kunder, Leibniz-Institut fr Astrophysik Potsdam) is measuring the kinematics of many RR Lyrae in the galactic bulge found in the OGLE survey, and further AAO observations and VLT. by 2016. Walker will continue the CCD photometry analysis for the outer halo globular cluster NGC 5824, with S. Cassisi (Istituto Nazionale di AstrophysicaOsservatorio Astrofisico di Catania) and G. Andreuzzi (Istituto Nazionale di AstrophysicaTelescopio Nazionale Galileo). CONSTANCE E. WALKER, Scientist Research Interests Development of educational activities, research projects, and pedagogical best practices related to dark sky preservation issues; monitoring and modeling of light pollution sources locally and near observatories FY 2015 Achievements Walker co-hosted a separate session on light pollution problems and solutions at the AAS meeting in January. As part of the IAU Cosmic Light Task Group for IYL2015, S. Pompea and Walker (as lead) received an IAU grant and a second grant from the Optical Society to develop a quality lighting teaching kit for the International Year of Light (IYL2015). ). As part of the IAU Cosmic Light Working Group for IYL2015, Walker and S. Pompea were invited to participate in the IYL2015 opening ceremony in January in Paris. In February, Walker became president of the Pacific Astronomical Society and a paper on worldwide variations in artificial skyglow was published in Scientific Reports with contributor Chris Kyba (lead author). Celebrating its tenth year, Globe at Night (directed by Walker) continues to have campaigns once a month and is recognized as an IYL2015 citizen science program. His best year was 2014; 2015 will soon surpass the record of 21,000 observations. With EPO Senior Student B. Levy in charge of the 106

110B. NOAO KEY MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF ACTIVITY At the NOAO booth at the Tucson Book Festival on March 14 and 15, NOAO had the most successful set of activities to date at that festival, focusing on detectors in astronomy. In April, Walker co-hosted the 6th International Sky & Earth Photography Contest, which highlighted the natural beauty of the night sky and its growing battle against light pollution. The 10 winners of the 2015 contest, selected from around 1,000 entries, are from China, Iceland, Malaysia, Russia, South Africa and the United States. Walker presented on dark sky education and research at five conferences during the year. To highlight one, Walker made four oral presentations at the IAU General Assembly in August. On behalf of the 50 Committee (now C.B7) on Site Protection, R. Green and Walker hosted a three-day focus meeting on light pollution problems and solutions, as well as a reception at the Bishop Museum, honoring the IDA award for the world's first dark sky sanctuary for AURA-O. Walker was promoted to the position of scientist. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Walker will continue to serve as President of the Pacific Astronomical Society, as Vice Chair of IAU Commission C.B7 on Observatory Site Protection, and as a member of the IDA Board of Directors. He will continue with his research on light pollution, as well as with the dissemination and training of the Quality Lighting Teaching Kit. Walker looks forward to participating in the educational aspects that may evolve with the NOAO Data Lab. Walker hopes to partner with an organization to produce online tools for the public to compare Globe at Night data with other data sets. She plans to co-host the AAS's fourth annual session in January on light pollution problems and solutions. LLOYD WALLACE, Astronomer Emeritus SIDNEY WOLFF, Astronomer Emeritus Research Interests Star formation; disk evolution around pre-main sequence stars; astronomy education research Fiscal Year 2015 Achievements Wolff worked on two books. One is a popular book on telescopes and astronomical discoveries designed to be sold at observatory visitor centers, science museums, and tourism visitor centers. The other is an open source introductory university text that OpenStax will make available free of charge. Wolff also served on the search committees for the Director of the University of California Observatory and the Director of STScI. Plans for Fiscal Year 2016 Wolff plans to finish work on the two books that he began in Fiscal Year 2015. The popular book will be published in February 2016. The goal is to have the textbook completed in time for adoption in the semester. Fall 2016. Wolff also serves on the Giant Magellan Telescope Program Review Committee and the Education Advisory Board for LSST. ALFREDO ANDRES ZENTENO VIVANCO, Associate Researcher 107

111NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT C PUBLICATIONS BY NOAO STAFF SCIENTIST NOAO scientific staff authored or edited a total of 185 publications in fiscal year 151 Abt, H.A. 2014, HAD Newsletter, 85, 7, "Alfred Joy's Research Method" Abt, H.A. 2015, PASP, 127, 713, The Lifetimes of Astronomers Alam, S., Smith, V.V., et al. 2015, ApJS, 219, 12, The Eleventh and Twelfth Release of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data: Final SDSS-III Data Ansdell, M., James, D., et al. 2015, ApJ, 798, 41, The near-ultraviolet luminosity function of young early M-type dwarf stars Balbinot, E., Walker, A.R., Abbott, T.M.C., James, D., Smith, R.C., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1129, The LMC geometry and outer stellar populations of early DES data Bally, J., Probst, R., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 120, Outflows, Dusty Cores, and a Burst of Star Formation in North America and Pelican Nebulae Bechtol, K., Walker, A.R., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, R.C., et Alabama . 2015, ApJ, 807, 50, Eight new Milky Way companions discovered in first-year dark energy survey data Beers, T.C. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 140, Back to the Future: The Calcium HK Survey of Beers, Preston and Shectman Ben-Ami, S., Matheson, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 40, Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Type IIb Supernovae: The Diversity and Impact of Circumstellar Material Blum, R.D., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 86, Spitzer SAGE-Spec: Near-infrared spectroscopy, dust shells, and cold shrouds in giant branch stars asymptotic to extremely large Magellanic clouds Blum, R.D., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 87, Errata: Spitzer SAGE-Spec: Near-infrared spectroscopy, dust shells, and cold shrouds in asymptotic giant branch stars of the extremely large Magellanic Cloud Boyajian, T., Ridgway, S. , et al. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 846, Stellar Diameters and Temperatures VI. High angular resolution measurements of the transiting exoplanet host stars HD 189733 and HD 209458 and implications for models by Cool Dwarfs Boyer, M.L., Olsen, K.A.G., et al. 2015, ApJ, 810, 116, Identification of a class of low-mass asymptotic giant branch stars struggling to become carbon stars in Magellanic clouds Boyer, M.L., Olsen, K.A.G., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, RF Wing, and J. Hron (ASP), 479, Where is the metallicity ceiling for forming carbon stars? A paucity of carbon stars in the inner disk of M31 Braganca, G.A., Garmany, C.D., Glaspey, J.W., et al. 2015, UAI Symposium. 307, editors. G. Meynet, C. Georgy, J. Groh, P. Stee (Cambridge), 90, Non-LTE abundances in OB stars: preliminary results for 5 stars in the outer galactic disk Brittain, S.D., Najita, J.R., Carr, J.S. 2015, Ap&SS, 357, 54, High-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy and gas spectroastrometry in disks around Herbig Ae/Be Stars Broekhoven-Fiene, H., Allen, L.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 798, 65, Errata: Spitzer's study of interstellar clouds in the Gould belt. SAW. The Auriga-California molecular cloud observed with IRAC and MIPS" alkan, Beers, T.C., et al. 2014, A&A, 571, A62, Chemical abundances of metal-poor horizontal branch stars CS 22186-005 and CS 30344-033 Carlberg, J.K., Smith, V.V., et al., 2015, ApJ, 802, 7, The Puzzling Li-rich Red Giant Associated with NGC 6819 Chang, C., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, C., et al., 2015, ApJ, 801, 73, Modeling the Transfer Function for the Dark Energy Survey 1 Author Name in Bold = NOAO Scientific Staff Member Author Name Underlined = Undergraduate Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) Program ) or Astronomy Research Program Internship (PIA) 108

112C. PUBLICATIONS BY NOAO STAFF SCIENTIST Chang, C., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, physics. Rev. Lett., 115, 051301, Wide-field Lens Mass Maps from DES Science Verification Data Coughlin, M., Smith, C., et al. 2015, Experimental Astronomy, 39, 387, Real-time earthquake warning for astronomical observatories Cunha, K., Smith, V.V., et al., 2015, ApJ, 798L, L41, Abundances of sodium and oxygen in the open cluster NGC 6791 from APOGEE H Band Spectroscopy Daddi, E., Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, A&A, 577, A46, CO Excitation of galaxies with normal star formation up to z = 1.5 as governed by the properties of their interstellar medium from Boer, T.J.L., Saha, A., et al. 2014, A&A, 572, A10, "The episodic star formation history of the Carina Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy" Dey, A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 1806, On the cosmic evolution of Fe/Mg in QSO absorption line systems Dolley, T., Dey, A., Atlee, D.W., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 125, The Clustering and Halo Masses of Star-Forming Galaxies at z < 1 Dong, H., ... Lauer, T.R., Olsen, K.A.G., Saha, A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 4126, Photometric evidence for an intermediate-aged stellar population in the inner bulge of M31 Dong, H., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 842, “Origins of Massive Field Stars at the Galactic Center: A Spectroscopic Survey” Downes, JJ, Briceo, C., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3490, The numerical fraction of disks around brown dwarfs in Orion OB1a and the Orionis group 25 Downes, J.J., Briceo, C., . . . Vivas, A.K., ... Allen, L. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 1793, "The low-mass star and substellar populations of the 25 Orionis group" Drout, M.R., Narayan, G., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 23, Pan-STARRS Fast Evolving and Light Transients Dufour, R.J., Shaw, R.A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 23, Cospatial long slit optical/UV AL spectra of 10 galactic planetary nebulae with HST/STIS. I. Description Duncan, K., . . . Dickinson, M., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 2960, "The Massive Evolution of Early Galaxies: Stellar Mass Functions and Star Formation Rates at 4 < z < 7 in CANDELS GOODS - South Field Dunham, MM, Allen, L.E., et al. 2014 , The Evolution of Protostars: Insights from Ten Years of Infrared Surveys with Spitzer and Herschel in Protostars and Planets VI, eds. H. Beuther, R.S. Klessen, CP Dullemond, and T. Henning, 195. Dunham, MM, Allen, L.E., et. Al 2015, ApJS, 220, 11, Young Stellar Objects in the Gould Belt Dzib, S.A., Briceo, C., et al 2015, ApJ, 801, 91, The Gould Belt Very Large Array Survey IV: The Taurus-Auriga Complex Erfanianfar, G., Dickinson, M., et al., 2014, MNRAS, 445, 2725, The Evolution of Star Formation Activity in Galaxy Groups Espaillat, C., Najita, J., et al., 2014, An Observational Perspective of Transitional Disks in H. Beuther, R.S. Klessen, CP Dullemond, and T. Henning, eds., 497, Protostars and Planets VI Everett, M.E., Silva, DR 2015, AJ, 149, 55, High-Resolution Multi-band Imaging for Validation and Characterization of Small Kepler Planets Fabrizio, M., ... Walker, A.R. 2015, A&A, 580, A18, The Carina Project. VIII. The element abundances -Fekel, F.C., Hinkle, K.H., Joyce, R.R., Wood, PR 2015, AJ, 150, 48, Infrared spectroscopy of symbiotic stars. X. Orbits for three S-type systems: V1044 Centauri, Hen 3-1213 and SS 73-96 Fernndez-Trincado, J.G., Vivas, A.K., et al. 2015, A&A, 574, A15, Search for tidal tails around Centauri using RR stars Lyrae Finkelstein, S.L. ... Dickinson, M., et al., 2015, ApJ, 810, 71, The Evolution of the Galaxy Rest-Frame Ultraviolet Luminosity Function over the First Two Billion Years 109

113NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Fitzpatrick, M., Olsen, K., Mighell, K.J., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 495, eds. ARKANSAS. Taylor and E. Rosolowsky (ASP), 215, The NOAO Data Lab Flaugher, B., Abbott, T.M.C., James, D.J., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 150, The Dark Energy Chamber Fleming, S.W., ... Smith, V.V., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 143, The APOGEE Spectroscopic Survey of Kepler Planet Hosts: Feasibility, Efficiency, and Early Results Fontana, A., Dickinson, M., et al. 2014, A&A, 570, A11, The Hawk-I UDS and GOODS Survey (HUGS): Survey Design and Deep K-Band Number Counts Friedman, A.S., Narayan, G., et al. 2015, ApJS, 220, 9, CfAIR2: Near-infrared light curves of 94 type Ia supernovae Gaan, C., Mikoajewska, J., Hinkle, K.H. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 492, Symbiotic Giant Chemical Abundance Analysis II. AE Ara, BX Mon, KX TrA, and CL Sco Gallenne, A., Ridgway, S., et al. 2015, A&A, 579, A68, Robust high-contrast companion detection from interferometric observations. The CANDID algorithm and an application to six binary Cepheids Garmany, C.D., Glaspey, J.W., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 41, Projected rotational speeds of 136 early B-type stars in the outer galactic disk Giallongo, E., Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, A&A, 578, A83, Faint AGN at z > 4 in the CANDELS GOODS-S field: searching for collaborators for the reionization of the universe Goldstein, D.A., James, D., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 82, Automated Transient Identification in the Study of Dark Energy Grazian, A., Dickinson, M.E., et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A96, The stellar mass function of the galaxy at 3.5 z 7.5 in the CANDELS/UDS, GOODS-South, and HUDF fields Gnther, H.M., Allen, L., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 122, YSOVAR: Mid-infrared variability in the Lynds 1688 star-forming region Hargreaves, R.J., Hinkle, K., Bernath, P.F. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 3721, Small Carbon Chains in Circumstellar Envelopes Hartig, E., Hinkle, K., Mighell, K.J., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, RF Wing, and J. Hron (ASP), 115, Kepler and long-term variables Haubois, X., Ridgway, S.T., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, RF Wing, and J. Hron (ASP), 103, Diagnostic Interferometric Imaging of the Circumstellar Environment of X Hya Hayden, M.R., Smith, V., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808,132, Chemical mapping with APOGEE: metallicity distribution functions and chemical structure of the Milky Way disk Hernndez, J., Briceo, C., Allen, L., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 36, A Spectroscopic Census in Young Stellar Regions: The Orionis Cluster Hinkle, K.H., Joyce, R.R. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, RF Wing and J. Hron (ASP), 303, The Brightening of Sakurai's Object Hong, S., Dey, A. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 1999, Network Analysis of Cosmic Structures: Network Centrality and Topological Environment Hong , S., Dey, A., Prescott, M.K.M. 2014, PASP, 126, 1048, On the automated and objective detection of emission lines in faint object spectroscopy Horch, E.P., Everett, M., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 151, Binary Star Observations with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument. V. Towards an empirical metal-lean mass-luminosity relationship Horch, E.P., Howell, S.B., Everett, M.E., Ciardi, D.R. 2014, ApJ, 795, 60, Most of the arcsecond companions of Kepler's exoplanet candidate host stars are gravitationally bound Hren, A., Hinkle, K.H., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, R.F. Wing, and J. Hron (ASP), 305, Fluorine Abundances of AGB Stars in Star Clusters Jnsson, H., Hinkle, K.H. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, R.F. Wing, and J. Hron (ASP), 269, The role of AGB stars in the production of cosmic fluorine 110

114C. PUBLICATIONS BY NOAO STAFF SCIENTISTS Juarez, A.J., Cargile, P.A., James, D.J., Stassun, K.G., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 143, An improved determination of the limiting age of lithium depletion of Blanco 1 and a first look at the effects of magnetic activity Kartaltepe, J., et al. 2015, ApJL, 806, L35, Rest Frame Optical Emission Lines in Selected Far-Infrared Galaxies in z

115NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Melchior, P., Abbott, T., Smith, C., Walker, A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 2219, Mass and galaxy distributions of four massive galaxy clusters from Dark Energy Survey science verification data Mszros, S., Smith, V.V., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 153, Exploring Anticorrelations and Light Element Variations in Northern Globular Clusters Observed by the APOGEE Survey Miettinen, O., Kartaltepe, J.S., et al. 2015, A&A, 577, A29, (Sub)millimeter Interferometric Images of a Sample of Submillimeter Galaxies COSMOS/AzTECI. Multiple Wavelength Identifications and Redshift Distribution Milne, P.A., Foley, R.J., Brown, P.J., Narayan, G. 2015, ApJ, 803, 20, The Changing Fractions of Type Ia Supernova NUOptical Subclasses with Redshift Mobasher, B ., Pforr, J., Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 101, Critical appraisal of stellar mass measurement methods Monelli, M., Walker, A.R., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 90, "The Carina Project. VII. Toward the age-metallicity degeneracy breakdown of red giant branch stars using the C U, B, I index Montargs, M., Ridgway, S.T., et al 2014 , A&A, 572, A17, Properties of the CO and H2O MOLsphere of the Red Supergiant Betelgeuse from VLTI/AMBER Observations Montargs, M., Ridgway, S.T., et al 2015, ASP Conf 497, eds F. Kerschbaum, R.F. Wing and J. Hron (ASP), 209, VLT/NACO Imaging of the Nearest AGB Star, L2 Puppis Morris, A.M., Pforr, J., et al., 2015, AJ, 149, 178, A WFC3 Grism Emission Line Redshift Catalog in GOODS-South Field Mourard, D., Ridgway, S.T., et al., 2015, A&A, 577, A51, Spectral and Spatial Imaging of the Be+sdO Binary Persei Najita, J.R., Andrews, S.M., Muzerolle, J. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3559, Demographics of transitional disks in Ophiuchus and Taurus Najita, J.R., Kenyon, S.J. 2014, MNRAS, 445, 3315, The mass budget of planet-forming disks: isolation from the epoch of planetesimal formation Nandra, K., Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, ApJS, 220, 10, AEGIS-X: Deep Chandra Imaging of the Central Fringe Groth Navarete, F., Damineli, A., Barbosa, C.L., Blum, R.D. 2015, IAU Symp. 307, editors. G. Meynet, C. Georgy, J. Groh, P. Stee (Cambridge), 431, accretion signatures in massive young stellar objects Navarete, F., Damineli, A., Barbosa, C.L., Blum, R.D. 2015, IAU Symp. 307, editors. G. Meynet, C. Georgy, J. Groh, P. Stee (Cambridge), 453, Circumstellar Environments of MYSOs Revealed by IFU Spectroscopy Navarete, F., Damineli, A., Barbosa, C.L., Blum, R.D. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 4364, A Survey of Extended H2 Emission from Massive YSOs Nayyeri, H., Dickinson, M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 68, A Study of Massive and Evolved Galaxies at High Redshift Newman, J.A., Beers, T.C., et al. 2015, APh, 63, 81, Spectroscopic requirements for imaging dark energy experiments Nidever, D., ... Olsen, K., ... Saha, A., ... Kunder, A., ... Kaleida, C., Walker, A., ...Blum, R., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 325, Study of Magellan's Stellar History SMASH! Nidever, D.L., Smith, V., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 38, Tracing Chemical Evolution over the Extent of the Milky Way's Disk with APOGEE Red Clump Stars Oey, M.S., Points, S.D., Smith, R.C., et al. 2015, UAI process. H16, Highlights of Astronomy, ed. T. Montmerle (Cambridge), 587, HII Radiative Transfer Revealed by Ionization Parameter Mapping Olsen, K.A.G., Blum, R.D., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 257, A Stellar Heist in the Magellanic Clouds Ortiz-Len, G.N., Briceo, C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 9, Very Large Array Survey of the Gould Belt. II. The Serpens Region 112

116C. PUBLICATIONS BY NOAO STAFF SCIENTIST Pannella, M., ... Dickinson, M. et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 141, GOODS-Herschel: Star formation, dust attenuation, and FIR-radius correlation in main-sequence star-forming galaxies up to z4 Papadopoulos, A., Smith, R.C., Abbott, T.M.C., James , Such. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1215, DES13S2cmm: The first superluminous supernova from the dark energy study Papovich, C., Dickinson, M., ... Inami, H., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 26, ZFOURGE/CANDELS: On the evolution of the progenitors of M* galaxies from z = 3 to 0.5 Paredes, L., Points, S.D., Smith, R.C., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 366, The MCELS Data Reduction Pipeline and its Application to PNe Searches in the LMC Petersen, C.C., Walker, C. 2015, IAU Proc. H16, Highlights of Astronomy, ed. T. Montmerle (Cambridge), 725, Losing the Dark: A Planetarium PSA about Light Pollution Petty, S.M., ... Inami, H., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 111, The FUV to Near-IR Morphologies of Luminous Infrared Galaxies in the GOALS Sample Pinsonneault, M.H., Smith, V.V., et al. 2014, ApJS, 215, 19, The APOKASC Catalog: An Asteroseismic and Spectroscopic Joint Survey of Targets in the Kepler Fields Points, S., Kunder, A., eds. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, Fifty years of extensive field studies in the southern hemisphere: resolved stellar populations in the galactic bulge and Magellanic clouds Popesso, P., ... Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, A&A, 574, A105, The evolution of galaxy star formation activity in massive halos Popesso, P., ... Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, A&A, 579, A132, The Role of Massive Halos in the Star Formation History of the Universe Prescott, M.K.M., Martin, C.L., Dey, A. 2015, ApJ, 799, 62, Spatially Resolved Gas Kinematics within a Ly Nebula: Evidence for large-scale turnover Quinn, S.M., Everett, M.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 49, KOI-1299: A red giant interacting with one of its two long-period giant planets Rapson, V.A., Allen, L.E. 2014, ApJ, 794, 124, A Spitzer view of the giant molecular cloud MON OB1 EAST/NGC 2264 Rebull, L.M., . . . James, D., Allen, L., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 92, Young Stellar Object VARiability (YSOVAR): Long Time Scale Variations in the Mid-Infrared Reipurth, B., Tokovinin, A., et al. 2014, Multiplicity in Early Stellar Evolution, in eds. H. Beuther, RS Klessen, C. P. Dullemond and T. Henning, 267, Protostars and Planets VI Rest, A., ... Matheson, T., Smith, R.C., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 247, Light Echoes of Ancient Transients with the Blanco 4m Telescope Riddle, R.L., Tokovinin, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 4, A study of the high-order multiplicity of solar-type close binary stars with Robo-AO Ridgway, S.T., Matheson, T., Mighell, K.J., Olsen, K.A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 53, "The Variable Sky of Deep Synoptic Surveys Rigliaco, E., Najita, J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 801, 31, Mid-Infrared Hydrogen Line Stellar Accretion Survey Riguccini, L. , ... Kartaltepe, J., et al., 2015, MNRAS, 452, 470, The composite nature of dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) at z~2-3 in the COSMOS field: I A far-infrared view Roberts, L.C., Jr., Tokovinin, A., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 118, Know the Star, Know the Planet III. Discovery of late-type companions of two host stars of exoplanets Rosario, D. J., Kartaltepe, J ., et al., 2015, A & A, 573, A85, The host galaxies of active galactic nuclei selected by X-rays at z = 2.5: structure, star formation and their CANDELS relationships and Herschel/PACS Ross, T.L., Holtzman, J.A., Saha, A., Anthony-Twarog, B.J. 2015, AJ, 149, 198, Metallicity distribution functions of four local group dwarf galaxies Rumble, D., Allen, L.E. , et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 1551, The JCMT Gouldian Belt Survey: Evidence for Radiation Heating in Serpens MWC 297 and Its Influence on Local Star Formation 113

117NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Ryde, N., ... Najita, J., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 497, eds. F. Kerschbaum, RF Wing, and J. Hron (ASP), 67, Evolved stars with complex atmospheres, high spectral resolution, mid-IR view Safarzadeh, M., Inami, H., et al. 2015, ApJ, 798, 91, A Novel Technique to Improve Photometry in Fuzzy Images Using Bayesian Priors and Graphs Safron, E.J., Allen, L.E., et al. 2015, ApJL, 800, L5, HOPS 383: An exploding class 0 protostar in Orion Saha, A., Olszewski, EW 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 317, Old Stellar Populations as Structural Tracer of the Magellanic Cloud Complex Salim, S., ... Dickinson, M. 2015, ApJ, 808, 25, On the Mass-Metallicity- Star formation rate relationship for galaxies at z 2 Salim, S., Dickinson, M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 126, A critical look at the relationship Mass-Metallicity-Rate of star formation in the local universe. I. An Improved Framework of Analysis and Confounding Systematics Salmon, B., Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 183, The relationship between the rate of star formation and the stellar mass of galaxies at 3.5

118C. NOAO STAFF SCIENTIST PUBLICATIONS Experimental measurement of submicron ejecta from hypervelocity impacts on meteorites Tilvi, V., Dickinson, M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 5, "Rapid decline of Ly emission towards the era of reionization Tokovinin, A. 2014, AJ, 148, 72, Imaging Survey of Subsystems in Secondary Components for Nearby Southern Dwarfs Tokovinin, A ., et al., 2015, AJ, 150, 50, SOAR speckle interferometry in 2014 Tokovinin, A., Gorynya, N.A., Morrell, N.I. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3082, The Quadruple System ADS 1652 Tokovinin, A., Latham, D.W., Mason, BD 2015, AJ, 149, 195, The unusual quadruple system HD 91962 with a planetary architecture Tokovinin, A., Pribulla, T., Fischer, D. 2015, AJ, 149, 8, Radial velocities of the southern visual multiple stars Torres, G., Everett, M.E., et al., 2015, ApJ, 800, 99, Validation of 12 small Kepler transiting planets in the habitable zone Trump, J.R., Kartaltepe, J., et al., 2014, ApJ, 793, 101, No More active galactic nuclei in lumpy disks than in smooth galaxies at z ~ 2 in CANDELS/3D-HST Valdes, F., DECam NEO Survey, 2015, ASP Conf. 495, eds. A.R. Taylor and E. Rosolowsky, 95, A Moving Object Detection System (MODS) for the DECam NEO study Wagner, C.R., Dey, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 107, Star formation in ellipticals from high redshift clusters Walker, A.R. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 34, CCD Imagers at CTIO: 0.16 to 520 megapixels Walker, C.E., Smith, M., et al. 2015, UAI process. H16, Highlights of Astronomy, ed. T. Montmerle (Cambridge), 758, SpS17 Discussion Summaries IAU GA 2012 Special Session on Light Pollution Walker, C.E., Buxner, S. 2015, IAU Proc. H16, Highlights of Astronomy, ed. T. Montmerle (Cambridge), 732, The impact of education on light pollution through a global star-hunting campaign and classroom curricula Walker, C.E., Kyba, C.C.M. 2015, UAI process. H16, Highlights of Astronomy, ed. T. Montmerle (Cambridge), 734, Citizen Science Programs on Light Pollution Awareness: Where Do We Go With the Data? White, C.J., Matheson, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 52, Low-velocity supernovae from the Palomar transient factory: two channels Williams, B.F., Lauer, T.R., et al. 2014, ApJS, 215, 9, Hubble's Panchromatic Treasury of Andromeda. X. Ultraviolet to Infrared Photometry of 117 Million Equidistant Stars Williams, B.F., Lauer, T.R., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 49, Tracking the metal-poor M31 stellar halo with blue horizontal branch stars Willis, S., Allen, L. 2015, ApJ, 809, 87, Schmidt's law in six galactic star-forming regions massive Winkler, P.F., Smith, R.C., Points, S.D., et al. 2015, ASP Conf. 491, eds. S. Points, A. Kunder (ASP), 343, The Interstellar Medium in the Small Magellanic Cloud: Results from MCELS Xu, C.K., Inami, H., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 11, ALMA Observations of Warm Dense Gas in NGC 1614 Breaking the Law of Star Formation at the Central Kpc Yuan, F., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 3047, OzDES Multifiber Spectroscopy for the Study of Dark Energy: Operation and First Year Results Zamora, O., Smith, V.V., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 181, New H-Band Stellar Spectral Libraries for the SDSS-III/APOGEE Survey Zhang, K., Salyk, C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 55, Attenuation and absorption of CO towards the protoplanetary AA Tau disk: a downward flux caused by disk instability? 115

119NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT D PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES AND ARCHIVES D.1 TELESCOPES AT THE INTER-AMERICAN OBSERVATORY OF CERRO TOLOLO During FY15 (October 2014 to September 2015), 178 publications used data collected at CTIO telescopes (includes Target, SOAR, and others) for which NOAO allocates observing time: 120 #ofPublica,onsinFY15 93 98 100 91 80 67 60 53 48 39 41 40 22 20 5 4 3 1 1 0 0 0 Telescopes/Data Abbas, M.A., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 40, Variable stars in metal-rich globular clusters. IV. Long Period Variables in NGC 6496 Aird, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 1892, The evolution of X-ray luminosity functions of absorbed and non-absorbed AGN up to z~5 Artigau, E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 254, "BANYAN. VI. Discovery of a brown dwarf companion/planetary mass limit for a Tucana-Horologium M dwarf" Assef, R.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 27, Half of the most luminous quasars can be dimmed: investigating the nature of selected WISE hot dust-obscured galaxies Astier, P., et al. 2014, A&A, 572, A80, Enlargement of the Hubble diagram of a supernova at z ~ 1.5 with the Euclid space mission Balbinot, E., Walker, A.R., Abbott, T.M.C., James, D., Smith, R.C., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1129, The LMC geometry and outer stellar populations of early DES data Banerji, M., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 2523, Combining Verification Data from the Dark Energy Survey with Near-Infrared Data from the ESO VISTA Hemispheric Survey Baron, F., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 37, Discovery and characterization of wide binary systems with a very low mass component Bastian, N., Strader, J. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3594, Constraint of globular cluster formation through studies of young massive cumulus III. Lack of gas and dust in massive star clusters in LMC and SMC Data comes from time assigned by others than NOAO TAC. 116

120D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Batista, V., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 170, Confirmation of planet signature OGLE-2005-BLG-169 and its features with proper lens source motion detection Bayliss, M.B., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 12, SPT-CL J2040-4451: An SZ-selected galaxy cluster at z = 1.478 with significant ongoing star formation Bechtol, K., Walker, A.R., Abbott, T., James, D. , Smith, RC, et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 50, Eight new Milky Way companions discovered in first-year dark energy survey data Bennet, D.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 169, "Confirmation of the Planetary Microlensing Signal and Mass Determinations of Stars and Planets for the OGLE-2005-BLG-169 Event" Bhardwaj, A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 3342, On the variation of Fourier parameters for galactic Cepheids and LMCs at optical, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelengths Bleem, L.E., et al. 2015, ApJS, 216, 20, A further reduction of Blanco's study of cosmology: a catalog of optically selected galaxy clusters and a public publication of optical data products Bleem, L.E., et al. 2015, ApJS, 216, 27, Galaxy Clusters Discovered Through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the SPT-SZ Survey of 2500 Square Degrees Blum, R.D., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 86, Spitzer SAGE-Spec: Near-infrared spectroscopy, dust shells, and cold shrouds in giant branch stars asymptotic from extremely large Magellanic clouds Bocquet, S., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 214, Mass Calibration and Cosmological Analysis of the Sample Galaxy Cluster SPT-SZ Using X-Yx-Ray and V-velocity Scattering Measurements Bodaghee, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 801, 49, A first look at the X-ray population of the young massive cluster VVV CL077 Bosh, A., et al. 2015, Icar, 246, 237, The state of Pluto's atmosphere 2012-2013 Bowler, B.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 62, Planets around low-mass stars (PALMS). V. Age dating of low-mass mates of members and intruders of young moving groups Brahm, R., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 33, HATS9-b and HATS10-b: two compact hot Jupiters at K2 mission field 7 Bray, V.J., Schenk, P.M. 2015, Icar, 246, 156, Pristine Impact Crater Morphology on Pluto Expectations for New Horizons Britt, C.T., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 3455, The relationship between the X-ray luminosity and duty cycle of dwarf novae and their specific frequency in the inner galaxy Caldern, J.P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 791, Early-type galaxies in the Antlia cluster: an in-depth look at scale relationships Calchi Novati, S., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 20, Pathway to the Galactic Distribution of Planets: Combined Spitzer and ground-based microlensing parallax measurements of 21 single-lensing events Carraro, G., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 12, Thickening of the thin disk in the third galactic quadrant Casey, C.M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 95, Are Dusty Galaxies Blue? Insights on the UV attenuation of dust-selected galaxies Chang, C., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 801, 73, Transfer function modeling for the study of dark energy Chen, C.-T.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 50, A connection between dimming and star formation in bright quasars Ciardullo, R., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 64, Hubble Space Telescope Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: The Escape Fraction Ly Cody, AM, Hillenbrand, L.A. 2014, ApJ, 796, 129, A search for pulsations among young brown dwarfs and very low Mass Stars Coley, J.B., Corbet, R.H.D., Mukai, K., Pottschmidt, K. 2014, ApJ, 793, 77, Probing the Mysteries of the X-ray Binary 4U 1210-64 with ASM, PCA, MAXI, BAT, and Suzaku Collado, A., Gamen, R., Barba, R.H., Morrell, N. 2015, A&A, 581, A49, A New Massive Double -Lined Spectroscopic Binary System: The Wolf-Rayet Star WR 68a Corbelli, E., et Alabama. 2014, A&A, 572, A23, Dynamical Signatures of a CDM-halo and the Distribution of the Baryons in M ​​33 117

121NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Cortés, C., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A68, Stellar Parameters for Stars in the CoRoT Exoplanet Field Costa, E., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A4, Information on the properties of the local (Orion) spiral arm. NGC 2302: First Results and Description of the Program Das, R., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 806, Near-infrared studies of V5558 Sgr: an unusually slow nova with multiple outbursts Davison, C.L., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 106, A 3D search for companions of 12 nearby M dwarfs Draskovic, D., Parker, Q.A., Reid, W.A., Stupar, M. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 1402, Four new planetary nebulae toward the Small Magellanic Cloud de Boer, T.J.L., et al. 2014, A&A, 572, A10, The episodic star formation history of the Carina de Los Reyes dwarf spheroidal galaxy, MA, 2015, AJ, 149, 79, The relationship between stellar mass, gas metallicity, and rate of Star formation for H-selected Galaxies at z 0.8 from the New H Survey by Jaeger, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 63, SN 2011A: a low-light interactive transient with a double plateau and strong sodium absorption Deason, A.J., Belokurov, V., Weisz, D.R. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 77, The progenitors of the Milky Way's stellar halo: large bricks are preferred over small bricks Eigenthaler, P., Ploeckinger, S., Verdugo, M., Ziegler, B. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 2793, Star formation properties of Hickson compact groups based on Deep H images Erwin, P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 4039, Composite bulges: the coexistence of classical bulges and disk pseudobulges in S0 and spiral galaxies Falocco, S., et al. 2015, A&A, 579, A115, SUDARE-VOICE Variability: Selection of Active Galaxies in the Chandra Deep Field South and the SERVS/SWIRE Region Fekel, F.C., Hinkle, K.H., Joyce, R.R., Wood, P.R. 2015, AJ, 150, 48, Infrared spectroscopy of symbiotic stars. X. Orbits for three S-type systems: V1044 Centauri, Hen 3-1213, and SS 73-96 Filippazzo, J.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 810, 158, Fundamental parameters and spectral energy distributions of young and field-age objects with masses ranging from the stellar to the planetary regime Finch, C.T., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 119, UCAC4 Surveying Nearby Stars: A Search for Our Stellar Neighbors Flaugher, B., Abbott, T.M.C., James, D.J., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 150, The Forbes Dark Energy Chamber, D.A., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 2993, The AIMSS Project II: Dynamical-to-Stellar Mass Ratios via Star Cluster-Galaxy Divide French, L.M., et al. 2015, Icar, 254, 1, Rotational light curves of small Jovian Trojan asteroids Fukui, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 809, 74, OGLE-2012-BLG-0563Lb: a Saturn-mass planet around an M dwarf with mass constrained by Subaru images AO Gaan, C., Mikoajewska, J., Hinkle, K.H. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 492, Symbiotic Giant Chemical Abundance Analysis II. AE Ara, BX Mon, KX TrA, and CL Sco Geier, S., et al. 2015, A&A, 577, A26, The MUCHFUSS Project Catalog of Radial Velocity Variable Hot Subluminous Stars Goldstein, D.A., James, D., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 82, Automated Transient Identification in the Dark Energy Study Guyonnet, A., et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A41, Evidence for self-interaction of charge distribution in charge-coupled devices Hansen, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 173, An Elemental Assay of Very, Extreme, and Ultra-metal-poor Stars Hartigan, P., Reiter, M., Smith, N., Bally, J. 2015, AJ, 149, 101, A Study of Pillars, Globules, and Radiated Jets in the Nebula by Carina Hartman, J.D., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 166, HATS-6b: A warm Saturn transiting an early M dwarf star and a set of empirical relationships to characterize the hosts of K and M dwarf planets Henderson, C.B., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 71, Candidate Gravitational Microlensing Events for Future Direct Lensing Imaging 118

122D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Hermes, J.J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 1701, Insights into Internal Effects of Common-Envelope Evolution Using the Extended Kepler Mission Hernndez, J., Briceo, C., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 36, A spectroscopic census in young stellar regions: the Orionis cluster Hillwig, T.C., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 30, Binary central stars of planetary nebulae discovered through photometric variability. III: The central star of Abell 65 Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 35, X-ray cavities in a sample of 83 SPT galaxy clusters: tracking the evolution of AGN feedback in galaxy clusters to z = 1.2 Hosey, A.D., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 6, "The Solar Neighborhood XXXVI: The Long-Term Photometric Variability of Nearby Red Dwarfs in the VRI Optical Bands" Hur, H., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 3797, Redness, distance and stellar content of the young open cluster Westerlund 2 Inserra, C., Smartt, S.J. 2014, ApJ, 796, 129, Superluminous Supernovae as Standardizable Candles and High Redshift Distance Probes Johnson, C.B., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 1584, HD 314884: A slowly pulsating B star in a closed binary Johnson, S.D., Chen, H.-W., Mulchaey, J.S. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 3263, On the possible environmental effect on the distribution of heavy elements beyond individual gaseous halos Jones, A.G., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 168, The relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission and far-infrared dust emission from NGC 2403 and M83 Kanarek, G., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 2858, A near-infrared survey of the inner galactic plane for Wolf-Rayet StarsIII. New methods: fainter WR stars Kankare, E., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A4, On the triple peaks of SNHunt248 in NGC 5806 Keenan, R.C., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 157, Evolution of the main merging galaxy pair fraction at z < 1 Kim, D., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 63, Discovery of a faint outer halo Milky Way star cluster in the southern sky Kim, D., Jerjen, H. 2015, ApJ, 799, 73, A hero's wheelie : Discovery of a dissolving star cluster in Pegasus Kim, D., Jerjen, H. 2015, ApJL, 808, L39, Horologium II: an ultra-faint second satellite of the Milky Way in the constellation of Horologium Kirby, E.N., Simon, J.D., Cohen, J.G. 2015, ApJ, 810, 56, Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Hydra II and Pisces II Dwarf Galaxies and the Laevens 1 Globular Cluster Kuncarayakti, H., et al. 2015, A&A, 579, A95, Observations of the nebular phase of the type Ib supernova iPTF13bvn in favor of a binary progenitor Kupfer, T., et al. 2015, A&A, 576, A44, Hot Subdwarf Binaries from the MUCHFUSS Project. Analysis of 12 new systems and a study of the short-lived binary population Landoni, M., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 163, Optical Spectroscopic Observations of -ray Blazar Candidates. third The 2013/2014 Campaign in the Southern Hemisphere Lauer, T.R., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 82, The Brightest Cluster Galaxies at the Present Time Lee, C.-H., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 22, Properties of M31. V. 298 Eclipsing Binaries of Pandromeda Lee, J.-W. 2015, ApJS, 219, 7, Multiple Stellar Populations of Photometrically Homogeneous Ca Globular Clusters I. M22 (NGC 6656) Lemasle, B., et al. 2015, A&A, 572, A88, VLT/FLAMES Spectroscopy of red giant stars in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Lemasle, B., et al. 2015, A&A, 579, A47, Type II Cepheids in the Milky Way disk. Chemical composition of two new W Vir stars: DD Vel and HQ Car Lim, D., et al. 2015, ApJS, 216, 19, Low-resolution spectroscopy for globular clusters with signs of supernova enrichment: M22, NGC 1851, and NGC 288 Lindsay, S.S., et al. 2015, Icar, 247, 53, Composition, mineralogy, and porosity of multiple asteroid systems from near-infrared and visible spectral data 119

123NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Lobo Gomes, A., Mario Magalhes, A., Pereyra, A., Vilega Rodrigues, C. 2015, ApJ, 806, 94, A New Optical Polarization Catalog for the Small Magellanic Cloud: The Magnetic Field Structure Lurie, J.C., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 91, The Solar Neighborhood. XXXIV. A search for planets orbiting near M dwarfs using astrometry Macri, L.M., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 117, Near-infrared Synoptic Survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud. I. Cepheid Variables and the Calibration of Leavitt's Law Maderak, R.M., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 141, WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXIII. Abundances in the super metal-rich open cluster NGC 6253 from Hydra spectroscopy of the 7774 oxygen triplet region Mancini, L., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A63, HATS-13b and HATS-14b: Two Hot Jupiters in Transit from the HATSouth Survey Marino, A.F., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 815, Iron and S element abundance variations in NGC 5286: comparison with anomalous globular clusters and satellites of the Milky Way Martin, N.F., Walker, A.R., Vivas, AK, Kaleida, C.C., et al. 2015, ApJL, 804, L5, Hydra II: a faint and compact dwarf galaxy of the Milky Way found in the study of Magellanic stellar history Martinazzi, E., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 2235, New SX Phe variables in the globular cluster NGC 288 Martinet, N., et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A116, The Evolution of the Cluster Optical Galaxy Luminosity Function between z=0.4 and 0.9 in the DAFT+FADA Survey Martinez-Vazquez, C.E., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 454, 1509, Variable stars in local group galaxies. I: Tracing the Early Chemical Enrichment and Radial Gradients in the Sculptor dSph with RR Lyrae Stars McCleary, J., dellAntonio, I., Huwe, P. 2015, ApJ, 805, 40, Mass Substructure in Abell 3128 McMonigal, B., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 3139, Sailing under the Magellanic Clouds: A DECam view of the Carina Dwarf Mehner, A., et al. 2015, A&A, 578, A122, Eta Carinae Spectroscopic Event 2014.6: Keys to long-term recovery from its large eruption Melchior, P., Abbott, T., ... Smith, C., Walker, A., et to the . 2015, MNRAS, 449, 2219, Mass and galaxy distributions of four massive galaxy clusters from science verification data from the Dark Energy Survey Mennickent, R.E., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 1137, Fundamental parameters of the close interaction binary HD 170582 and its luminous accretion disk Miettinen, O., et al. 2015, A&A, 577, A29, (sub)millimeter interferometric images of a sample of submillimeter galaxies COSMOS+AzTECI. Multiwavelength Identifications and Redshift Distribution Mikoajewska, J., Caldwell, N., Shara, M.M. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 586, First detection and characterization of symbiotic stars in M31 Mikoajewska, J., Caldwell, N., Shara, M.M., Ikiewicz, K. 2015, ApJL, 799, L16, Characterization of the most luminous star in M33: a super symbiotic binary Mitchell, C.J., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 116, The survey of the rings. I. H and H I velocity maps of the galaxy NGC 2280 Momcheva, I., et al. 2015, ApJS, 219, 29, A Spectroscopic Study of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: The Redshift Catalog Mortlock, A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 2, Deconstructing the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function with UKIDSS and CANDELS: The Impact of Colour, Structure and Environment Mudd, D., Stanek, K.Z. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3811, GALEX Catalog of UV Point Sources at M33 Nardiello, D., et al. 2015, A&A, 573, A70, Observing Multiple Stellar Populations with VLT/FORS2. Main sequence photometry in the outer regions of NGC 6752, NGC 6397 and NGC 6121 (M 4) Navarete, F., Damineli, A., Barbosa, C.L., Blum, R.D. 2015, IAU Symp. 307, editors. G. Meynet, C. Georgy, J. Groh, P. Stee (Cambridge), 431, Accretionary Signatures in Young Massive Stellar Objects Navarete, F., Damineli, A., Barbosa, C.L., Blum, R.D. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 4364, An Extended H2 Emission Survey of Mass 120 YSOs

124D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Neff, S. G., Eilek, J.A., Owen, F.N. 2015, ApJ, 802, 88, The complex transition region of northern Centaurus A: a galactic wind Oksala, M.E., et al. 2015, A&A, 578, A112, An Infrared Diagnostic for Magnetism in Hot Stars Orosz, J.A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 154, The mass of the black hole in LMC X-3 Pagnotta, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 811, 32, The 2010 eruption of the recurrent Nova U Scorpii: the multiwavelength light curve Palma, T., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 2122, probing the recent history of chemical enrichment of the Large Magellanic Cloud through its star clusters Papadopoulos, A., Smith, R.C., Abbott, T.M.C., James, D., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1215, DES13S2cmm: The First Superluminous Supernova of the Dark Energy Survey Peterson, B.M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 149, Reverberation mapping of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 7469 Piatti, AE 2015, MNRAS, 451, 3219, The age-metallicity relationship at the periphery of the Small Magellanic Cloud Piatti, AE 2014, MNRAS, 445, 2302, Bruck 88: A young star cluster resembling an old age on the outskirts of the Small Magellanic Cloud Ranc, C., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A125, MOA-2007-BLG-197: Exploring the brown dwarf desert Rangelov, B., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 34, Multiwavelength Survey of the Northeast Outskirts of the Extended TeV Source HESS J1809-193 Regnault, N., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A45, Design, characterization and first results of the DICE calibration project Ricci, F., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 160, Optical Spectroscopic Observations of -ray Blazar IV Candidates. Results of the 2014 Monitoring Campaign Riguccini, L., ... Kartaltepe, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 470, The composite nature of dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) at z~2-3 in the COSMOS field: I. A far-infrared view Roderick, T.A., Jerjen, H., Mackey, A.D., Da Costa, G.S. 2015, ApJ, 804, 134, Stellar substructures around the Hercules Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Salinas, R., Alabi, A., Richtler, T., Lane, R.R. 2015, A&A, 577, A59, Isolated Elliptics and their Globular Cluster Systems. third NGC 2271, NGC 2865, NGC 3962, NGC 4240 and IC 4889 Salinas, R., Strader, J. 2015, ApJ, 809, 169, No evidence for multiple stellar populations in the low-mass galactic globular cluster E 3 Saliwanchik , BR, et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 137, Measuring Galaxy Cluster Integrated Comptonization and Mass-Scaling Relationships with the South Pole Telescope Salmon, B., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 183, The relationship between the rate of star formation and the stellar mass of galaxies at 3.5

125NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Silva, K.M.G., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 4183, MLS110213:022733+130617: A new polar eclipsing over the period gap Simet, M., Mandelbaum, R. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1259, Darkening of the background sky by galaxy clusters like source of Weak Lens Error Simon, J.D., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, AJ, 808, 95, Stellar kinematics and metallicities in the lattice II of the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Skottfelt, J., et al. 2015, A&A, 573, A103, Search for variable stars in the cores of five metal-rich globular clusters using EMCCD observations Skowron, J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 33, OGLE-2011-BLG-0265Lb: A Jovian microlensing planet orbiting an M dwarf Soto, M.G., Jenkins, J.S., Jones, M.I. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 3131, RAFT I: Discovery of New Planetary Candidates and Updated Archival FEROS Orbits Spectra Stauffer, J., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 130, CSI 2264: Characterization of young stars in NGC 2264 with periodic and short-duration dips in their light curves Strader, J., et al. 2015, ApJL, 804, L12, 1FGL J1417.7-4407: A probable bright gamma-ray binary with a massive neutron star and a giant secondary Swiggum, J. K., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 156, PSR J1930-1852: A Pulsar in the Widest Known Orbit around Another Neutron Star Toala, J.A., Guerrero, M.A., Ramos-Larios, G., Guzman, V. 2015, A&A, 578, A66 , WISE Morphological Study of Wolf-Rayet Nebulae Tokovinin, A. 2014, AJ, 148, 72, Subsystem Imaging Study in Secondary Components of Nearby Southern Dwarfs Tokovinin, A., Gorynya, N.A., Morrell, N.I. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3082, The ADS 1652 Quadruple System Tokovinin, A., Latham, D.W., Mason, B.D. 2015, AJ, 149, 195, The unusual quadruple system HD 91962 with a planetary architecture Tokovinin, A., Pribulla, T., Fischer, D. 2015, AJ, 149, 8, Radial velocities of Tokovinin southern visual multiple stars, A ., et al., 2015, AJ, 150, 50, Speckle Interferometry in SOAR in 2014 Tottle, J., Mohanty, S. 2015, ApJ, 805, 57, Testing Model Atmospheres for Young Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the infrared: evidence for significantly underestimated dust opacities Urata, Y., Huang, K., Yamazaki, R., Sakamoto, T. 2015, ApJ, 806, 222, Extremely soft X-ray flash as an indicator of orphan outside the Afterglow axis of GRB Vajgel, B., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 88, X-ray selected galaxy groups in Botes van Weeren, R.J., et al. 2014, ApJ, 793, 82, LOFAR LowBand Antenna Observations of the 3C 295 and Botes Fields: Source Counts and Ultra-steep Spectrum Sources" Vanderbeke, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 2692, G2C2-III: Structural Parameters for Galactic Globular Clusters in SDSS Passbands Vanderbeke, J., et al., 2015, MNRAS, 451, 275, G2C2 - IV: A Novel Approach to Study Multipopulation Radial Distributions in Galactic Globular Clusters Vueti, M.M., Arbutina, B ., Uroevi, D. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 943, Optical supernova remnants in nearby galaxies and their influence on emission-derived star formation rates by H Wagner, C.R., Dey, A., et al ., 2015, ApJ, 800, 107 , Star Formation in Elliptical High Redshift Clusters Waisberg, I.R., Romani, R.W. 2015, ApJ, 805, 18, Echelle Spectroscopy of Gamma-ray Binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856 Walker, M.G., et al 2015, AJ, 808, 108, Magellan/M2FS Spectroscopy of the Lattice Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy 2 Walsh, J.R., Rejbuka, M., Walton, N.A. 2015, A&A, 574, A109, Spectroscopic and Imaging Study of the Planetary Nebulae in NGC 5128 (Centaurus A). Planetary Nebulae Catalogs 122

126D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES AND ARCHIVES Wei, J.-J., Wu, X.-F., Melia, F. 2015, AJ, 149, 165, Testing Cosmological Models with Type Ic Super Luminous Supernovae Winters, J.G. , et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 5, The Solar Neighborhood. XXXV. Distances to 1404 m dwarf systems within 25 pc in the southern sky Wright, J.T., Eastman, J.D. 2014, PASP, 126, 838, Barycentric corrections to 1 cm s-1 for accurate Doppler velocities Wu, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 1900, Gemini Spectroscopy of Galactic Bulge Sources: Is a Population of Hidden Accumulation Binaries Revealed? Yang, Y., Zabludoff, A., Jhanke, K., Dave, R. 2014, ApJ, 793, 114, The Properties of Ly Nebulae: Gas Kinematics from Nonresonant Lines Yee, J.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 76, First space-based microlensing parallax measurement of an isolated star: Spitzer observations of OGLE-2014-BLG-0939 Yeh, S.C.C., Seaquist, ER, Matzner, CD, Pellegrini, EW 2015 , ApJ, 807 , 117, Molecular and Ionized Hydrogen in 30 Doradus. I. Image Observations Yuan, F., ... Abbott, T., ... James, D., ... Smith, R.C., ... Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 3047, OzDES Multifiber Spectroscopy for the Study of Dark Energy: Operation and First Year Results Zemcov, M., et al. 2014, Sci, 346, 732, On the origin of near-infrared extragalactic backlight anisotropy Zhou, Z.-M., Cao, C., Wu, H. 2015, AJ, 149, 1, Properties of star formation in barred galaxies. 3rd Statistical study of bar-driven secular evolution using a sample of nearby barred spirals Zhu, W., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 8, Spitzer as a Microlensing Parallax Satellite: Mass and Distance Measurements of the OGLE-2014-BLG-1050L Binary Lensing System Ziegler, C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 30, Multiplicity of the Galactic Senior Citizens: A High-Resolution Search for Cool Subdwarf Companions D.2 TELESCOPES AT KITT PEAK NATIONAL OBSERVATORY During fiscal year 2015 (October 2014 to September 2015), 177 publications used data taken on the KPNO telescopes (includes Mayall, WIYN, 1.2-m, and others) for which NOAO allocates observing time: Adams, E.A.K., et al. 2015, A&A, 573, L3, AGC198606: A minihalo of dark matter with gas? Adams, E.A.K., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A134, AGC 226067: A possible low-mass interactive system AHearn, M.F., Krishna Swamy, KS, Wellnitz, D.D., Meier, R. 2015, AJ, 150, 5, Immediate emission by OH on the comet Hyakutake Aird, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 1892, The evolution of X-ray luminosity functions of unabsorbed and absorbed AGN up to z~5 An, D., Terndrup, D.M., Pinsonneault, M.H., Lee, J.-W. 2015, ApJ, 811, 46, The Distances to Open Clusters from Main-Sequence Fitting. V. Extension of the calibration and color test using cold, metal-rich stars in NGC 6791 Assef, R.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 27, Half of the brightest quasars can be dimmed: investigating the nature of selected WISE hot dust-obscured galaxies Bally, J., Probst, R., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 120, Vents, Dusty Cores, and a Burst of Star Formation in the North American and Pelican Nebulae Boberg, O.M., Friel, E.D., Vesperini, E. 2015, ApJ, 804, 109, Chemical Abundances in NGC 5053 : a very metal-poor and dynamically complex globular cluster Boquien, M., et al., 2015, A&A, 578, A8, Measuring star formation with resolved observations: the test case of M 33 The data may have resulted from the time allotted by other than NOAO TAC. 123

127NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Borkovits, T., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3068, HD 183648: A Kepler eclipsing binary with anomalous ellipsoidal variations and a pulsating component Bouwens, R.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 34, UV luminosity functions at z 4 to z 10 redshifts: 10,000 galaxies from HST Legacy Fields Bouy, H., et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A120, Messier 35 (NGC2168) DANCE I. Membership, Proper Motions, and Multi-Wavelength Photometry Bowler, B.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 62, "Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). V. Age-Dating of Low-Mass Fellows of Moving Young Group Members and Intruders" Bragaglia, A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 68, “Search for chemical signatures of multiple stellar populations in the ancient massive open cluster NGC 6791” Bruno, G., et al. 2015, A&A, 573, A124, "SOPHIE Velocimetry of Kepler Transit Candidates XIV. A Joint Photometric, Spectroscopic, and Dynamical Analysis of the Kepler-117 System" Burgasser, A.J., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 104, WISE J072003.20-084651.2: An old and active M9.5 + T5 Spectral Binary 6 pc from Sun Burggraf, B., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A12, "Var C: Long-term spectral and photometric variability of a luminous blue variable in M ​​33" akrl, . 2015, NewA, 35, 71, The Early B-type Eclipsing Binary GT Cephei: A massive triple system? Cales, SL, Brotherton, MS 2015, MNRAS, 449, 2374, Post-starburst quasars: bridging the gap between post-starburst galaxies and quasars Capellupo, D.M., Hamann, F., Barlow, T.A. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 1893, A Variable P v Broad Absorption Line and Quasar Outflow Energetics Casey, C.M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 95, Are Dusty Galaxies Blue? Perspectives on the UV attenuation of dust-selected galaxies Cauley, P.W., Johns-Krull, C.M. 2014, ApJ, 797, 112, Diagnosis of mass flows around Herbig Ae/Be stars using the He I 10830 line Chen, C.-T.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 50, A connection between dimming and star formation in bright quasars Choi, Y., et al. 2015, ApJ, 810, 9, Proof of density wave theory with resolved stellar populations around spiral arms in M81 Corbelli, E., et al. 2014, A&A, 572, A23, Dynamical Signatures of a CDM-halo and the Distribution of the Baryons in M ​​​​33 Cordero, M.J., Pilachowski, C.A., Johnson, C.I., Vesperini, E. 2015, ApJ, 800, 3, Light- Abundance of Giant Star Elements in the Globular Cluster M71 (NGC 6838) Corts, J.R., Kenney, J.D.P., Hardy, E. 2015, ApJS, 216, 9, Ionized Gas and Stellar-Field Integral Kinematics of Peculiar Spiral Galaxies from the Virgo Cluster Cunha, K., Smith, V.V., et al., 2015, ApJL, 798, L41, Abundances of sodium and oxygen in the open cluster NGC 6791 from APOGEE H-band spectroscopy Dahm, S.E., Hillenbrand, THE. 2015, AJ, 149, 200, An optical survey of the partially embedded young cluster in NGC 7129 Darvish, B., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 121, A comparative study of density field estimation for galaxies: new insights into the evolution of galaxies with the environment in COSMOS up to z3 Davis, B.L., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 13, A fundamental blueprint of spiral structure in de los Reyes disk galaxies, M.A. 2015, AJ, 149, 79, The relationship between stellar mass, gas metallicity, and star formation rate for galaxies selected by H at z 0.8 from the survey New H De Marco, O., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 3587, Identification of PN close binary central stars with Kepler de Meulenaer, P., Narbutis, D., Mineikis, T., Vanseviius, V. 2015, A&A, 581, A111, Derivation of physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. IV. The star cluster system M 33 Deason, A.J., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 3975, TriAnd and its brothers: satellites of satellites in the Milky Way Halo 124

128D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Denney, K.D., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 134, Typecasting of active galactic nuclei: Mrk 590 no longer fits the role Dolley, T., Dey, A., Atlee, D.W., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 125, The Clustering and Halo Masses of Star-Forming Galaxies at z < 1 Donati, P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 1411, The Old, Metal-Poor, Anticenter Open Cluster Trumpler 5 Douchin, D., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 3132, The binary fraction of the central stars of the planetary nebula II. Larger Sample and Improved Technique for Infrared Excess Search Douglas, S.T., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 161, The factory and the hive. II. Activity and Turnover in Praesepe and Hyades Endl, M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 151, Kepler-424 b: A lonely hot Jupiter that found a mate Erickson, K.L., et al. 2015, AJ, 149,103, An Optical Spectroscopic Survey of the Serpens Main Cluster: Evidence for Two Populations? Erwin, P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 4039, Composite bulges: the coexistence of classical bulges and disk pseudobulges in S0 and spiral galaxies Everett, M.E., Silva, D.R. 2015, AJ, 149, 55, High-resolution multiband imaging for the validation and characterization of small Kepler planets Fasano, G., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 3927, Morphological fractions of galaxies in WINGS clusters: revision of the morphological-density paradigm Fekel, F.C. 2015, AJ, 149, 83, HD 207651: A Composite Spectrum Triple System Fekel, F.C., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 63, New precision orbits of double-line bright spectroscopic binaries. IX. HD 54371, HR 2692 and 16 Ursa Majoris Fekel, F.C., Hinkle, K.H., Joyce, R.R., Wood, PR 2015, AJ, 150, 48, Infrared spectroscopy of symbiotic stars. X. Orbits for three S-type systems: V1044 Centauri, Hen 3-1213, and SS 73-96 Filippazzo, J.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 810, 158, Fundamental parameters and spectral energy distributions of young and field-age objects with masses ranging from the stellar to planetary regime Foster, H.M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 94, The Discovery of Differential Radial Rotation in the Pulsating Subdwarf B Star KIC 3527751 Franck, J.R., McGaugh, S.S., Schombert, J.M. 2015, AJ, 150, 46, "Three Candidate Clusters around High Redshift Radio- Strong Sources: MG1 J04426+0202, 3C 068.2 and MS 1426.9+1052" Freeman, M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 99, Chandra Planetary Nebula Survey (CHANPLANS). II. X-ray emission from compact planetary nebulae Geller, A.M., Latham, D.W., Mathieu, RD 2015, AJ, 150, 97, Stellar radial velocities in the ancient open cluster M67 (NGC 2682). I. Memberships, Binaries, and Kinematics Gilbert, K.M., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 76, Global properties of M31's stellar halo from the SPLASH survey. II. Metallicity profile Gizis, J.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 203, WISEP J004701.06+680352.1: an intermediate surface gravity dusty brown dwarf in the AB Dor Gmez Maqueo mobile group Chew, Y., et al. 2014, A&A, 572, A50, The EBLM Project. II. A very hot, low-mass M dwarf in a long-period, eccentric eclipsing binary system from the SuperWASP study Granata, V., et al. 2014, AN, 335, 797, TASTE IV: Refining Ephemeris and Orbital Parameters for HAT-P-20b and WASP-1b Haines, C.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 101, LoCuSS: The slow extinction of star formation in galaxy clusters and the need for preprocessing Haines, T., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 4952, Testing the Modern Fusion Hypothesis through the Assembly of Massive Blue Elliptical Galaxies in the Local Universe Hallenbeck, G., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 69, HighMassHigh H I Mass, H I-rich galaxies at z ~ 0 High-resolution VLA images of UGC 9037 and UGC 12506 Hansen, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 173, An elementary essay on very, extremely metal-poor and ultra-metal-poor stars 125

129NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Hargis, J.R., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 62, "Globular Cluster Systems and Their Host Galaxies: Comparison of Spatial Distributions and Colors" Harrison, T.E., Campbell, R.K. 2015, ApJS, 219, 32, The WISE Light Curves of Polars Haurberg, N.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 121, Oxygen Abundance Measurements of SHIELD Galaxies Heinze, A.N., Metchev, S., Kellogg, K. 2015, ApJ, 801, 104, Climate on Other Worlds. 3rd Study of T-dwarfs with large-amplitude optical variability Hills, S., von Hippel, T., Courteau, S., Geller, A.M. 2015, AJ, 149, 94, Bayesian investigation of isochronous consistency using the ancient open cluster NGC 188 Hoffmann, SL, Macri, LM 2015, AJ, 149, 183, Cepheid variables in the maser-host galaxy NGC 4258 Horch, E.P., Howell , S.B., Everett, M.E., Ciardi, R.D. 2014, ApJ, 795, 60, Most of the subarcsecond companions of Kepler's exoplanet candidate host stars are gravitationally bound Horch, E. P., Everett, M., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 151, Binary Star Observations with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument. V. Towards an empirical metal-lean mass-luminosity relationship Humphreys, R.M., Martin, J.C., Gordon, M.S. 2015, PASP, 127, 347, A new luminous blue variable in M31 Jaff, Y.L., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 1715, BUDHIES II: A Phase Space View of HI Gas Extraction and Cooling of Star Formation in Cluster Galaxies Janesh, W., et al. 2015, ApJ, 811, 35, "Search for High-Speed ​​Ultracompact Cloud Optical Counterparts: Possible Detection of a Counterpart to AGC 198606" Janowiecki, S., et al. 2015, ApJ, 801, 96, (Nearly) Obscure HI Sources in the ALFALFA Survey: The Intriguing Case of HI1232+20 Janowiecki, S., Salzer, J. J. 2014, ApJ, 793, 109, "The Unique Structural Parameters of Galaxies hosts in compact blue dwarfs" Jaskot, A.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 66, From H I to Stars: H I Depletion in Starbursts and Star-Forming Galaxies in the ALFALFA H Survey Jeon, Y., et al. 2014, ApJS, 214, 20, J and H band images of the north ecliptic pole survey field AKARI Jiang, L., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 188, Discovery of eight z ~ 6 quasars in the overlapping regions of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Johnson, M.C., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 196, The shape of LITTLE THINGS DDO 46 and DDO 168 dwarf galaxies: understanding stellar and gaseous kinematics Kapala, M.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 798, 24, The Survey of Lines in M31 (SLIM): Investigation of emission origins [C II] Kawka, A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3514, New binaries between hot subdwarf stars selected by UV and population properties Keel, W.C., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 155, HST images of fading AGN candidates. I. Properties of the host galaxy and origin of the extended gas Kelly, P.L., et al. 2015, Sci, 347, 1459, "Distances with

130D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES AND ARCHIVES Lebzelter, T., ... Hinkle, K., et al. 2015, A&A, 578, A33, Oxygen Isotopic Ratios in Intermediate-Mass Red Giants Lee-Brown, D.B., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 21, Spectroscopic abundances in the open cluster, NGC 6819 Lee, C.-H., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 22, Properties of M31. V. 298 Pandromeda Eclipsing Binaries Lee, K.-S., Dey, A., Hong, S., Inami, H., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 126, Discovery of a very large structure at z = 3.78 Leiner, E.M., Mathieu, R.D., Gosnell, N.M., Geller, A.M. 2015, AJ, 150, 10, WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXVI. Spectroscopic binary orbits in the young open cluster M35 Leja, J., van Dokkum, P.G., Franx, M., Whitaker, K.E. 2015, ApJ, 798, 115, Reconciliation of the observed star formation sequence with the observed stellar mass function Lim, S., Lee, M.G., 2015, ApJ, 804, 123, The star cluster system in the local Starburst group Galaxy IC 10 Limoges, M.-M., Bergeron, P., Lpine, S. 2015, ApJS, 219, 19, Physical properties of the current census of northern white dwarfs within 40 pc of the Sun Luchsinger, K.M., et al . 2015, AJ, 150, 87, The Host Galaxies of Micro-Jansky Radio Sources Lurie, J.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 95, Kepler Flares III: Stellar Activity in GJ 1245A and B Maguire, K., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 3258, Exploring the Spectral Diversity of Low Redshift Type Ia Supernovae Using the Palomar Transient Fabric Malyuto, V., Zubarev, S., Shvelidze, T. Russell diagram for the open cluster NGC 188" Marchesini, D., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 65, The progenitors of local ultramassive galaxies through cosmic time: from dusty starbursts to quiescent stellar populations Marsan, Z.C., et al 2015, ApJ, 801, 133, Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Compact Ultramassive Galaxy at z = 3.35: A Detailed Look at an Early Progenitor of Local Giant Ellipticals Martinet, N., et al 2015, A&A, 575, A116 , The Evolution of the Cluster Optical Galaxy Luminosity Function between z=0.4 and 0.9 in the DAFT/FADA Survey Martinez-Manso, J., et al., 2015, MNRAS, 446, 169, Spitzer Telescope Deep Field Survey of the South Pole : bonding of galaxies and halos at z = 1.5 Massaro, F., et al., 2015, A&A, 575, A124, Optical Spectroscopic Observations of Blazar-ray Candidates. II. The 2013 KPNO Campaign in the Northern Hemisphere Matson, R.A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 155, HST/COS Detection of the subdwarf companion spectrum of KOI-81 McEvoy, C.M., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 1396, Early-Type Stars Observed at ESO's UVES Paranal Observatory Project V. Time-varying interstellar absorption Meibom, S., et al. 2015, Natur, 517, 589, A rotating clock for cool stars from observations of a 2.5 billion-year-old cluster Miettinen, O., Kartaltepe, J.S., et al. 2015, A&A, 577, A29, (Sub)millimeter Interferometric Images of a Sample of Submillimeter Galaxies COSMOS/AzTECI. Multi-wavelength identifications and redshift distribution Mikoajewska, J., Caldwell, N., Shara, M.M., Ikiewicz, K. 2015, ApJL, 799, L16, Characterization of the most luminous star in M33: a super binary symbiotic Mikoajewska, J., Caldwell, N., Shara, M.M. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 586, First detection and characterization of symbiotic stars in M31 Milliman, K.E., Mathieu, R., Schuler, S.C. 2015, AJ, 150, 84, Barium surface abundances of blue straggling stars in the open cluster NGC 6819 Momcheva, I., et al. 2015, ApJS, 219, 29, A Spectroscopic Study of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: The Redshift Catalog Montiel, E.J., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 57, The identification of extreme asymptotic giant branch stars and red supergiants in M33 by 24 m variability 127

131NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Mourard, D., Ridgway, S.T., et al. 2015, A&A, 577, A51, Spectral and Spatial Imaging of the Be+sdO Binary Persei Mudd, D., Stanek, K.Z. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3811, "GALEX Catalog of UV Point Sources in M33" Mulroy, S.L., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3309, LoCuSS: The near-infrared luminosity and weak-lensing mass scaling relationship of galaxy clusters Muoz, J.A., Peeples, M.S. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 1430, A framework for the empirical phenomenology of galaxies: the spread in galaxy ages and stellar metallicities Nandra, K., ... Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, ApJS, 220, 10, “AEGIS-X: Deep Chandra Imaging of the Central Groth Fringe” Ngo, H., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 138, Friends of Hot Jupiters. II. There is no correspondence between the misalignment of the hot Jupiter spin orbit and the incidence of directly imaged stellar companions Oman, K.A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 3650, "The unexpected diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves Overbeek, J. C., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 177, Errata: NGC 7789: an open cluster case study" Overbeek, J.C., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 15, NGC 7789: An Open Cluster Case Study Pagnotta, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 811, 32, The 2010 Eruption of the Recurrent Nova U Scorpii: The Multi-wavelight Light Curve Pan, Y.-C., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 354, Spectral features of a type Ia supernova in the context of the properties of its host galaxy Pannella, M., ... Dickinson, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 141, GOODS-Herschel: Star formation, dust attenuation, and FIR-radius correlation in the main sequence of star-forming galaxies up to z4 Peterson, R.C., Kurucz, R.L. 2015, ApJS, 216, 1 , “New Fe I level energies and line identifications of stellar spectra” Pike, R.E., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 202, The 5:1 resonance of Neptune verified by CFEPS: Dynamics and population Pilachowski, C.A., Pace, C. 2015, AJ, 150, 66, The abundance of fluorine in normal G and K stars of the Galactic thin disk Quinn, S.M., Everett, M.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 49, KOI-1299: A red giant interacting with one of its two long-period giant planets Ricci, F., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 160, Optical Spectroscopic Observations of -ray Blazar IV Candidates. Results of the 2014 follow-up campaign Richards, E.E., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 3981, Baryon distributions in the dark matter halo of NGC5005 Riddle, R.L., Tokovinin, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 4, Study of the high-order multiplicity of solar-type close binary stars with Robo-AO Riguccini, L., ... Kartaltepe, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 470, The composite nature of dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) at z~2-3 in the COSMOS field: I. A far-infrared view Roche, N., Humphrey, A., Binette , L 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3795, “Spectroscopy of 7 radio-strong QSOs at 2 < z < 6: Giant Lyma emission nebulae accumulating in host galaxies” Rubin, K.H.R., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 38, Dissecting the Gaseous Halos of z Damped Ly Systems with Close Quasar Pairs Sabin, L., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3388, First publication of the IPHAS Catalog of New Extended Planetary Nebulae Safron, E.J., Allen, L.E., et al. 2015, ApJL, 800, L5, HOPS 383: a class 0 protostar exploding in Orion Sandberg Lacy, C.H., Fekel, F.C. 2014, AJ, 148, 71, “Absolute properties of the eclipsing binary star v501 Herculis” Sandberg, A., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A91, Trident: A study of three-pointed galaxies. I. Lyman Alpha Emitting Galaxies at z~2 in GOODS North" 128

132D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES AND ARCHIVES Schechtman-Rook, A., Bershady, M.A. 2014, ApJ, 795, 136, Near-Infrared Structure of Fast and Slow- Rotating Disk Galaxies Scheirich, P., et al. 2015, Icar, 245, 56, The near-Earth binary asteroid (175706) 1996 FG3 An observational constraint on its orbital evolution Schlaufman, K.C., Casey, A.R. 2014, ApJ, 797, 13, The best and brightest metal-poor stars Schombert, J., McGaugh, S. 2015, AJ, 150, 72, The stellar populations and star formation histories of LSB galaxies. V. ColorMagnitude Diagrams WFC3 Sell, P.H., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 3579, Shell-Shocked: The Interstellar Medium Near Cygnus X-1 Shen, Y., et al. 2015, ApJS, 216, 4, The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Technical Description Shimizu, T.T., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 1841, Decreasing rates of specific star formation in host galaxies AGN Siegel, M.H., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 131, Swift UVOT Star Survey. I. Methods and test groups Sifn, C., et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A48, Constraints on the alignment of galaxies in galaxy clusters of ~14,000 spectroscopic members Skelton, R.E., et al. 2014, ApJS, 214, 24, 3D-HST WFC3 Selected Photometric Catalogs in the Five CANDELS/3D-HST Fields: Photometry, Photometric Redshifts, and Stellar Masses Speagle, J.S., Steinhardt, C.L., Capak, PL, Silverman, J.D. 2014, ApJS, 214, 15, A highly consistent framework for the evolution of the main star-forming sequence of z ~ 06 Szkody, P., Everett, M.E., Howell, S.B., . . . Silva, D.R., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 63, Follow-up observations of SDSS and CRTS candidate cataclysmic variables Tanaka, M. 2015, ApJ, 801, 20, “Photometric redshift with Bayesian background on the physical properties of galaxies” Tang, B ., Worthey, G ., Davis, AB 2014, MNRAS, 445, 1538, Composite stellar populations and element-by-element abundances in the bulge and elliptical galaxies of the Milky Way Thompson, B., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 85, WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXII. Comparison of isochronous systems using deep multiband photometry of M35 Tofflemire, B.M., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 61, "Open Cluster Survey of WIYN. LIX. Radial Velocity Membership of the Evolved Population of the Ancient Open Cluster NGC 6791" Tollerud, E.J., et al. 2015, ApJL, 798, L21, Two Local Volume Dwarf Galaxies Discovered in a 21 cm Emission: Piscis A and B Torres, G., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 31, The G+M Eclipsing Binary V530 Orionis: A Rigurant Test of Magnetic Stellar Evolution Models for Low-Mass Stars Tremblay, G. R., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 451, 3768, Far-ultraviolet morphology of star-forming filaments in brighter cold-core cluster galaxies Ural, U., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 761, An Inficient Dwarf: Chemical Abundances and the Evolution of the Ursa Minor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Vaccaro, T.R., Wilson, R.E., Van Hamme, W., Terrell, D. 2015, ApJ, 810, 157, The V471 Tauri system: a probe of various types of data Vajgel, B., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 88, X-ray selected galaxy groups in Botes van de Sande, J., et al. 2014, ApJL, 793, L31, The fundamental plane of massive quiescent galaxies up to z ~ 2 Van Eylen, V., Albrecht, S. 2015, ApJ, 808, 126, Eccentricity of transit photometry: small planets in multiplanets of Kepler Systems Have Low Eccentricities van Weeren, R.J., et al. 2014, ApJ, 793, 82, LOFAR Low-band antenna observations of the 3C 295 and Botes fields: source counts and ultra-steep spectrum sources Veljanoski, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 320, The NGC 6822 Vida Globular Cluster System, K., et al. 2015, A&A, 580, A64, "Study of FK Comae Berenices. VII. Correlation of photospheric and chromospheric activity" Vijayaraghavan, R., Gallagher, J.S., Ricker, P.M. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 3623, The dynamic origin of 129

133NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 Early-Type Dwarfs in Galaxy Clusters: A Theoretical Investigation Vueti, M.M., Arbutina, B., Uroevi, D. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 943, Optical Supernova Remnants in Nearby Galaxies and its influence on star formation rates derived from H Wagner, C.R., Dey, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 107, Star Formation in High-Redshift Cluster Ellipticals Walker, M.G., Olszewski, E.W., Mateo, M. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 2717, Bayesian analysis of resolved stellar spectra: application to MMT/Hectochelle observations of the dwarf Draco spheroidal Wang, J., Fischer, D.A., Horch, E.P., Xie, J.-W. 2015, ApJ, 806, 248, Influence of stellar multiplicity on planet formation. 3rd Adaptive optics images of Kepler stars with gas giant planets Welsh, W.F., et al. 2015, ApJ, 809, 26, Kepler 453 bKepler's 10th transiting circumbinary planet Whitaker, K.E., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 104, Restricting the low mass slope of the star formation sequence to 0.5 < z < 2.5 Zamora, O., Smith, V.V., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 181, New H-Band Stellar Spectral Libraries for the SDSS-III/APOGEE Study Zeimann, G.R., et al. 2015, ApJ, 798, 29, Hubble Space Telescope Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: The Neon Mystery Zemcov, M., et al. 2014, Sci, 346, 732, On the origin of near-infrared extragalactic backlight anisotropy Zhou, Z.-M., Cao, C., Wu, H. 2015, AJ, 149, 1, Properties of star formation in barred galaxies. 3rd Statistical study of rod-driven secular evolution using a sample of nearby rodded spirals D.3 GEMINI TELESCOPES During fiscal year 2015 (October 2014 to September 2015), 98 publications used data taken from the Gemini telescopes: Arabsalmani, M ., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446,990, On the mass-metallicity ratio, velocity dispersion, and gravitational well depth of GRB host galaxies Bally, J., Ginsburg, A., Silvia, D., Youngblood, A. 2015, A&A, 579 , A130, The Orion Fingers: Near-IR Adaptive Optics Imaging of an Explosive Protostellar Outflow Beauvalet, L., Marchis, F. 2014, Icar, 241, 13, Multiple Asteroid Systems (45) Eugenia and ( 87) Sylvia: Sensitivity to External and Internal Disturbances Biller, B.A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 4446, The Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: Asymmetries in disk HD 141569 Blair, W.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 118, A recently recognized very young supernova remnant in M83 Bleem, L.E., et al. 2015, ApJS, 216, 27, Galaxy Clusters Discovered Through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect in the SPT-SZ Survey of 2500 Square Degrees Bocquet, S., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 214, Mass Calibration and Cosmological Analysis of the Sample Galaxy Cluster SPT-SZ Using X-ray and V-Velocity Scattering Yx Measurements Bowler, B.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 62, Planets around low mass stars (palm trees). V. Age dating of low-mass mates of young moving group members and intruders Brandt, T.D., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 159, A statistical analysis of seeds and other studies of high-contrast exoplanets: massive planets or low-mass brown dwarfs? Breedt, E., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 3174, 1000 Cataclysmic Variables from the Real-Time Transient Study of Catalina Brodwin, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 26, The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey. third Sunyaev- Zeldovich Masses of galaxy clusters at z ~ 1 Casey, A.R., Schlaufman, K.C. 2015, ApJ, 809, 110, Chemistry of the bulk's most metal-poor stars and the universe z 10 Cauley, P.W., Johns-Krull, C.M. 2014, ApJ, 797, 112, Diagnosis of mass flows around Herbig Ae/Be stars using the HE I 10830 line Chiang, P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 522, Looking for T dwarfs in the dark cloud of Oph L 1688 130

134D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Collinson, J.S., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 2174, Peaking the spectral power distribution of QuasarI. Observations and models Contini, M. 2014, A&A, 572, A65, Activity and quiescence in galaxies with redshifts 1.4 < z < 3.5. The role of starburst temperature Cooke, E.A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 2318, The history of massive cluster galaxy formation as revealed by CARLA Crighton, N.H.M., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 217, The cosmological mass density of neutral hydrogen at z = 5 Cucchiara, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 51, Revealing the secrets of metallicity and massive star formation using DLA along gamma-ray bursts Davidson, K., et al. 2015, ApJL, 801, L15, Eta Carinaes 2014.6 Spectroscopic event: the unique features of HeII and NII from Jaeger, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 63, SN 2011A: An interactive low-light transient with double plateau and strong sodium absorption from Kleer, K., de Pater, I., Davies, A.G., dmkovics, M. 2014, Icar, 242 , 352, Near-infrared monitoring of Io and detection of a violent outburst on August 29, 2013 De Marco, O., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 3587, Identification of PN Close Binary Central Stars with Kepler by Pater, I., Davies, A.G., dmkovics, M., Ciardi, D.R. 2014, Icar, 242, 365, Two new, rare, large-effusion eruptions in Rarog and Hay Paterae on Io de Pater, I., et al. 2014, Icar, 242, 379, Global near-infrared maps of Gemini-N and Keck in 2010, with a special focus on Janus Patera and Kanehekili Fluctus De Rosa, R.J., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 445, 3694, The VAST Survey IV. A broad brown dwarf companion to the A3V Delphini Den Brok, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 809, 101, Measuring the Mass of the Central Black Hole in the Bulgeless Galaxy NGC 4395 from Gas Dynamical Modeling Do, T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 809, 143, Discovery of low-metallicity stars in the central parsec of the Milky Way Dong, H., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 842, Origins of massive field stars in the galactic center: a spectroscopic study Drout, M.R., Narayan, G., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 23, Pan-STARRS1 Fast Evolving and Luminous Transients Everett, M.E., Silva, D.R. 2015, AJ, 149, 55, High-resolution multiband imaging for validation and characterization of Kepler small planets Fekel, F.C., Hinkle, K.H., Joyce, R.R., Wood, PR 2015, AJ, 150, 48, Symbiotic Infrared Spectroscopy stars. X. Orbits for three S-type systems: V1044 Centauri, Hen 31213, and SS 7396 Fischer, T.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 234, A minor merger caught in the act of powering the active galactic nucleus in Mrk 509 Gaan, C., Mikoajewska, J., Hinkle, K. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 492, Chemical Abundance Analysis of Symbiotic Giants II. AE Ara, BX Mon, KX TrA and CL Sco García-Bernete, I., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1309, The extended nuclear and infrared emission from the Seyfert galaxy NGC 2992 and the interacting system Arp 245 Gezari, S., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 28, GALEX Shock rupture detection in type IIP supernova PS1-13arp: implications for the progenitor stellar wind Gizis, J.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 203, WISEP J004701.06+680352.1: An intermediate surface gravity dusty brown dwarf in the AB DOR mobile group Gonzlez-Martn, O., et al. 2015, A&A, 578, A74, Nuclear dimming in LINERs. Clues from Spitzer/IRS spectra to the Compton thickness and the existence of the dusty torus Greiner, J., et al. 2015, Natur, 523, 189, a very luminous magnetar-fed supernova associated with an ultralong-ray burst 131

135NOAO AF FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT 2015 Grundy, W.M., et al. 2015, Icar, 257, 130, The mutual orbit, mass and density of the large transneptunian binary system Varda e Ilmar Gurou, A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 804, 70, Next generation Virgo cluster survey. XII. Stellar populations and kinematics of compact and low-mass early-type galaxies from the Gemini GMOS-IFU spectroscopy Hennawi, J.F., Prochaska, J.X., Cantalupo, S., Arrigoni-Battaia, F. 2015, Sci, 348, 6236, 6236; Quasar Quartet Embedded in Giant Nebula Reveals Rare Massive Structure in Distant Universe Hoffmann, S.L., Macri, L.M. 2015, AJ, 149, 183, Cepheid variables in the master host galaxy NGC 4258 Horch, E.P., Howell, S.B., Everett, M.E., Ciardi, D.R. 2014, ApJ, 795, 60, Most subarcsecond companions of candidate Kepler exoplanet host stars are gravitationally bound Horch, E.P., Everett, M.E., et al. 2015, AJ 149, 151, Observations of binary stars with the differential speckle study Instrument. V. Toward an empirical metal-poor mass-luminosity relationship Hrivnak, B.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 78, Variability in protoplanetary nebulae. third Light curve studies of carbon-rich objects from the Magellanic Cloud Hsiao, E.Y., et al. 2015, A&A, 578, A9, Strong carbon in the near-infrared in the type Ia iPTF13ebh supernova Hung, L.-W., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 138, Discovery of resolved debris disc around HD 131835 Ichikawa, K., et al. 2015, ApJ, 803, 57, The differences in the geometry of the bull between occult and non-occult broad-line active galactic nuclei Janson, M., et al. 2014, ApJS, 214, 17, Orbital monitoring of the multiplicity sample of large M dwarfs from AstraLux Jrgensen, I., Bergmann, M., et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 117, RX J0848.6+4453: The evolution of galaxy sizes and stellar populations in a z = 1.27 cluster Kilic, M., Hermes, J.J., Gianninas, A., Brown , W.R. 2015, MNRASL, 446 , L26, PSR J1738+0333: The first millisecond pulsar + binary pulsating white dwarf Leggett, S.K., Morley, C.V., Marley, M.S., Saumon, D. 2015, ApJ, 799, 37, infrared photometry near dwarfs Y: low Ammonia abundance and appearance of water clouds Leloudas, G., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 917, Spectroscopy of superluminous supernova host galaxies. A preference for hydrogen-poor events by extreme emission line galaxies Li, B., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 133, A Gemini/GMOS Study of Intermediate Luminosity-Early-Type Virgo Cluster Galaxies. I. Globular Cluster and Stellar Kinematics Li, D., Marias, N., Telesco, C.M. 2014, ApJ, 796, 74, The immediate environments of two Herbig be Stars: MWC 1080 and HD 259431 Loebman, S.R., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 17, The continuing optics to mid-infrared evolution of V838 Monocerotis Maguire, K., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 3258, Exploring the spectral diversity of low-redshift type Ia supernovae using the Palomar transient factory Mason, R.E., et al. 2015, ApJS, 217, 13, The nuclear near-infrared spectral properties of nearby galaxies Millar-Blanchaer, M.A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 811, 18, Pictoris inner disk in polarized light and new orbital parameters for Pictoris b Muzzin, A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 65, The phase space and stellar populations of cluster galaxies at z~1: Simultaneous constraints on the location and timescale of satellite extinction Nielsen, E.L., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794, 158, The Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: The Orbit of the Young Exoplanet Pictoris b Ohyama, Y., Terashima, Y., Sakamoto, K. 2015 ApJ, 805, 162, Infrared and X-ray Evidence of an AGN in NGC 3256 Southern Nucleus Olling, R.P., et al. 2015, Natur, 521, 332, No signature of ejecta interaction with a stellar companion in three type Ia 132 supernovae

136D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Pagnotta, A., Schaefer, B.E. 2015, ApJ, 799, 101, Investigation of the progenitors of type Ia supernovae associated with the supernova remnants of LMC 050567.9 and 050968.7 Pan, Y.-C., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 354, Spectral Features of a Type Ia Supernova in the Context of the Properties of its Host Galaxy Pinfield, D.J., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 1931, Discovery of a new Y dwarf: WISE J030449.03 270508.3 Pota, V., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 1962, Combined SLUGGS and Gemini/GMOS Survey of the Elliptical Galaxy M60: Wide-Field Photometry and Kinematics of the Globular Cluster System Reiter, M., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 3429, Untangling Outflow and Protostars in HH 900 in the Carina Resto Nebula, A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 44, Cosmological constraints on measurements of type Ia supernovae discovered during the first year and a half of the Pan-STARRS1 survey Ricci, T.V., Steiner, J.E., Giansante, L. 2015, A&A, 576, A58 , A Hot Bubble in the center of M81 Riffel, R., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3069, The stellar spectral characteristics of nearby galaxies in the near-infrared: thermally positive asymptotic giant branch star tracers? Riffel, R.A., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 2823, Differences between the velocity spreads derived from CO and calcium triplets in spiral galaxies: Evidence for central star formation? Romani, R.W., Filippenko, A.V., Cenko, S.B. 2015, ApJ, 804, 115, A Spectroscopic Study of the Extreme Black Widow PSR J13113430 Rubin, K.H.R., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 38, Dissection of the gaseous halos of z ~ 2 damped Ly systems with nearby quasar pairs Ruel, J., et al. 2014, ApJ, 792, 45, Optical spectroscopy and velocity dispersion of galaxy clusters from the SPT-SZ survey Rupke, DSN, Veilleux, S. 2015, ApJ, 801, 126, Spatially extended NA I D resonance emission and absorption in the galactic wind of near-infrared-luminous quasar F051892524 Saliwanchik, B.R., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 137, Measuring Galaxy Cluster Integrated Comptonization and Mass-Scaling Relationships with the South Pole Telescope Sanders, N.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 208, Toward characterization of the type IIP supernova progenitor population: a statistical sample of Pan-STARRS1 light curves Schlaufman, K.C., Casey, A.R. 2014, ApJ, 797, 13, The best and brightest metal-poor stars Scolnic, D., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 45, Systematic uncertainties associated with the cosmological analysis of the first sample of a Pan-STARRS1 type Ia supernova Singer, L.P., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 52, The Needle in the 100 deg2 Haystack: Uncovering Afterglows of Fermi GRBs with the Palomar Transient Factory Slater, C.T., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 230, An in-depth study of the dwarf satellites Andromeda XXVIII and Andromeda XXIX Smith, N., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 1876, PTF11iqb: Cold supergiant mass loss bridging the gap between type IIn and normal supernovae Sromovsky, L.A., et al. 2015, Icar, 258, 192, High S/N Keck and Gemini AO 2012-2014 Uranus Images: New Cloud Patterns, Increased Activity, and Improved Wind Measurements Ststad, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 106, Mapping the outer edge of the young star cluster at the galactic center Strader, J., Dupree, AK, Smith, G.H. 2015, ApJ, 808, 124, The 10830 Helium Line between Evolved Stars in the Globular Cluster M4 Torres, G., Everett, M.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 99, Validation of 12 small Kepler transiting planets in the habitable zone van de Sande, J., et al. 2014, ApJL, 793, L31, The fundamental plane of massive quiescent galaxies up to z ~ 2 133

137NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT van de Sande, J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 799, 125, The relationship between the dynamic mass-light ratio and color for massive quiescent galaxies up to z ~ 2 and comparison with stellar population synthesis models Vergani, S.D., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A102, Are long gamma-ray bursts biased tracers of star formation? Host galaxy clues from Swift/BAT6 Complete LGRB I sample. Stellar mass at z < 1 Wahhaj, Z., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A24, Signal-to-Noise Ratio Improvement in Direct Imaging of Exoplanets and Circumstellar Disks with MLOCI Walsh, J.L., et al. 2015, ApJ, 808, 183, The black hole in the highly dispersed compact galaxy NGC 1271 Wang, W.-H., Kanekar, N., Prochaska, J.X. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 2832, A Search for H Emission in High Metallicity Damped Lyman Systems at z ~ 2.4 Weidmann, W.A., Mndez, R.H., Gamen, R. 2015, A&A, 579, A86, Improved Spectral Descriptions of Central Stars of planetary nebulae Worseck, G., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 445, 1745, The Giant Gemini GMOS Survey of zem > 4.4 QuasarsI. Measuring the Mean Free Path through Cosmic Time Wu, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 1900, Gemini Spectroscopy of Galactic Bulge Sources: Is a Population of Hidden Accumulation Binaries Revealed? Wu, X.-B., et al. 2015, Natur, 518, 7540, An Ultraluminous Quasar with a Twelve-Billion-Solar-Mass Black Hole at Redshift 6.30 D.4 W. M. KECK OBSERVATORY: KECK I AND II During fiscal year 2015 (October 2014 to September 2015), 5 publications used data taken at the Keck telescopes as a result of available community access time: Cauley, P.W., et al. 2015, ApJ, 810, 13, Optical absorption of hydrogen consistent with a thin arc shock leading to hot Jupiter HD 189733b Cooke, R.J., Pettini, M., Jorgenson, R.A. 2015, ApJ, 800, 12, The Most Metal-Poor Damped Ly Systems: An Insight into High-Redshift Dwarf Galaxies Fumagalli, M., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 1282, "Direct images of damped Ly galaxies at z > 2II. Spectroscopic images and observations of 32 quasar fields (time granted by NOAO: NOAO Prop. ID 2009A-0184; PI: J.M. OMeara; Keck I +Low High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) Giguere, M.J., et al., 2015, ApJ, 799, 89, Newly Discovered Planets Orbiting HD 5319, HD 11506, HD 75784 and HD 10442 from the N2K Consortium (NOAO-granted time: NOAO Prop. IDs 2004A-0008, 2004B-0016, 2006A-0012, 2006A-0103, PI: D. Fischer, Keck I) Marsan, Z.C., et al., 2015, ApJ, 801, 133, Spectroscopic confirmation of an ultramassive galaxy and compact at z = 3.35: A detailed look at an early progenitor of local giant ellipticals D.5 HET AND MMT During fiscal year 2015 (October 2014 to September 2015), 1 publication used data taken at the HET and 4 used data taken in the MMT as a result of available data community access time: Gizis, J.E., et al., 2015, ApJ, 799, 203, WISEP J004701.06+680352.1: An Intermediate Surface Gravity, Dusty Brown Dwarf in the AB Dor Moving Group Hong, S., Dey, A., Prescott, M.K.M. 2014, PASP, 126, 1048, On the automated and objective detection of emission lines in faint object spectroscopy Lamb, M.P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 42, Chemical Abundances in Globular Clusters NGC 5024 and NGC 5466 from Optical and Infrared Spectroscopy 134

138D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM NOAO TELESCOPES & ARCHIVES Li, ​​B., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 133, A Gemini/GMOS Study of Intermediate Luminosity-Early-Type Virgo Cluster Galaxies. I. Globular Cluster and Stellar Kinematics Zhang, H.-X., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 30, Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. SAW. The Kinematics of Ultra-compact Dwarfs and Globular Clusters in M87 D.6 MAGELLAN During fiscal year 2015 (October 2014 to September 2015), 1 publication used data taken at the Magellanic telescopes as a result of available community access time: Azadi, M., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 187, PRIMUS: The relationship between star formation and AGN accumulation D.7 AAT, CHARA AND HALE During FY 2015 (October 2014 to September 2015), 3 publications used data taken at the Anglo-Australian Telescope, CHARA interferometer, or Hale telescope as a result of available community access time: Kunder, A., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, ApJL, 808, L12, A high velocity bulge RR Lyrae variable in a halo-like orbit Sexton, R.O., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 1047, "Extended Red Objects and Stellarwind Arc Shocks in the Carina Nebula Yuan, F., Abbott, T., James, D., Smith, R.C., Walker, A.R., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 3047, OzDES Multifiber Spectroscopy for Dark Energy Study: First Year Operation and Results D.8 NOAO SCIENCE ARCHIVE Aird, J., et al 2015, MNRAS, 451, 1892, The Evolution of the X X-ray luminosity functions of unabsorbed and absorbed AGN up to z~5 Bleem, L.E., et al., 2015, ApJS, 216, 20, A New Reduction of the Blanco Cosmology Survey: An Optically Selected Galaxy Cluster Catalog and a Public Release of Optical Data Products Bleem, L.E., et al., 2015, ApJS, 216, 27, Galaxy Clusters Discovered by Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in 2500 Square Degree SPT-SZ Survey Bonifaco, P. , et al., 2015, A&A, 579, L6, "Chemical Abundances of Giant Stars in the Cratered Star System" Bouy, H., et al., 2015, A&A, 575, A120, Messier 35 (NGC2168) DANCE I. Membership, proper motions, and multi-wavelength photometry Bragaglia, A., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 68, “Search for chemical signatures of multiple stellar populations in the ancient massive open cluster NGC 6791” Burggraf, B., et al. 2015, A&A, 581, A12, "Var C: Long-term spectral and photometric variability of a luminous blue variable in M ​​33" akrl, . 2015, NewA, 35, 71, The Early B-type Eclipsing Binary GT Cephei: A massive triple system? Chen, C.-T.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 802, 50, A connection between dimming and star formation in bright quasars Corbelli, E., et al. 2014, A&A, 572, A23, Dynamical Signatures of a CDM-halo and the Distribution of the Baryons in M ​​33 de Meulenaer, P., Narbutis, D., Mineikis, T., Vanseviius, V. 2015, A&A, 581, A111, Derivation of physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. IV. The M 33 Dolley, T., Dey, A., Atlee, D.W., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 125, The Clustering and Halo Masses of Star-Forming Galaxies at z < 1 135

139NOAO FISCAL YEAR 2015 ANNUAL REPORT Johnson, S.D., Chen, H.-W., Mulchaey, J.S. 2015, MNRAS, 449, 3263, On the possible environmental effect on the distribution of heavy elements beyond individual gaseous halos Jones, A.G., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 168, The relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission and far-infrared dust emission from NGC 2403 and M83 Kapala, M.J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 798, 24, The Survey of Lines in M31 (SLIM): Investigation of the origins of [C II] Emission Kim, D., Jerjen, H. 2015, ApJL, 808, L39, Horologium II: A Second Ultra-faint satellite of the Milky Way in the constellation of Horologium Kirby, E.N., Simon, J.D., Cohen, J.G. 2015, ApJ, 810, 56, Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Hydra II and Pisces II Dwarf Galaxies and the Laevens 1 Globular Cluster Koposov, S.E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 130, Beasts of the Wild South. Discovery of a large number of ultra-faint satellites in the vicinity of the Magellanic clouds" Lee, C.-H., et al. 2014, ApJ, 797, 22, Properties of M31. V. 298 Eclipsing Binaries from Pandromeda Lee, K .-S., Dey, A., Hong, S., Inami, H. et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 126, Discovery of a very large structure at z = 3.78 Leja, J., van Dokkum, P.G. , Franx, M., Whitaker, K.E. 2015, ApJ, 798, 115, Reconciliation of the observed star formation sequence with the observed stellar mass function Lim, S., Lee, M. G. 2015, ApJ, 804, 123, The system of star clusters in the local Starburst Galaxy IC group 10 Lurie, J.C., et al. 2015, ApJ, 800, 95, Kepler Flares III: Stellar Activity on GJ 1245A and B Marchesini, D., et al. 2014, ApJ, 794 , 65, The progenitors of local ultramassive galaxies through cosmic time: from dusty starbursts to quiescent stellar populations Marsan, Z.C., et al 2015, ApJ, 801, 133, Spectroscopic confirmation of a compact ultramassive galaxy in Z = 3.35: A Closer Look at an Early Progenitor of Local Giant Ellipticals Martinez-Manso, J., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 446, 169, Spitzer South Pole Telescope Deep Field Survey: Galaxy Bonding and Halos at z = 1.5 Mikoajewska, J., Caldwell, N., Shara, M.M. 2014, MNRAS, 444, 586, First detection and characterization of symbiotic stars in M31 Mikoajewska, J., Caldwell, N., Shara, M.M., Ikiewicz, K. 2015, ApJL, 799, L16, Characterization of the most luminous star in M33: a super symbiotic binary Montiel, E.J., et al. 2015, AJ, 149, 57, The identification of extreme asymptotic giant branch stars and red supergiants in M33 by 24 m variability Mudd, D., Stanek, K.Z. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 3811, "GALEX Catalog of UV Point Sources in M33" Piatti, AE 2014, MNRAS, 445, 2302, Bruck 88: A young star cluster resembling old age on the outskirts of the Small Cloud of Magellanic Piatti, AE 2015, MNRAS, 451, 3219, The age-metallicity relationship at the periphery of the Small Magellanic Piatti Cloud, AE, et al. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 552, The VMCXV Survey. The History of the Little Magellanic Cloud Bridge Connection as Traced by its Populations of Star Clusters Rangelov, B., et al. 2014, ApJ, 796, 34, Multiwavelength Survey of the Northeast Outskirts of the Extended TeV Source HESS J1809-193 Skelton, R.E., et al. 2014, ApJS, 214, 24, 3D-HST WFC3-Selected Photometric Catalogs in the Five CANDELS/3D-HST Fields: Photometry, Photometric Redshifts, and Stellar Masses Speagle, J.S., Steinhardt, C.L., Capak, PL, Silverman, J.D. 2014, ApJS, 214, 15, A highly consistent framework for star-forming main sequence evolution of z ~ 06 Tanaka, M. 2015, ApJ, 801, 20, “Photometric redshift with Bayesian background on physical properties of galaxies" Thompson, B, et al. 2014, AJ, 148, 85, WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXII. Comparison of isochronous systems using deep multiband photometry of M35 136

140D. PUBLICATIONS USING DATA FROM THE NOAO TELESCOPE & ARCHIVES Umetsu, K., et al. 2014, ApJ, 795, 163, "CLASH: Weak Lensing Cutoff and Zoom Analysis of 20 Galaxy Clusters Urata, Y., Huang, K., Yamazaki, R., Sakamoto, T. 2015, ApJ, 806, 222 , Extremely soft X-ray flash as an indicator of the afterglow of orphan off-axis GRBs Vajgel, B., et al., 2014, ApJL, 793, L31, The fundamental plane of massive quiescent galaxies up to z ~ 2 van Weeren , R.J., et al 2014, ApJ, 793, 82, LOFAR Low Band Antenna Observations of 3C 295 and Botes Campos: Source Counts and Ultrasteep Spectrum Sources Vueti, M.M., Arbutina, B., Uroevi, D. 2015 , MNRAS, 446, 943, Optical supernova remnants in nearby galaxies and their influence on emission-derived star formation rates by H Wagner, C.R., Dey, A., et al., 2015, ApJ, 800, 107, Star Formation in High-Redshift Cluster Ellipticals Whitaker, K.E., et al., 2014, ApJ, 795, 104, Constraining the low-mass slope of the star Formation sequence to 0.5 < z < 2.5 Zemcov, M., et al. 2014, Sci, 346, 732, On the origin of near-infrared extragalactic background light anisotropy Zhou, Z.-M., Cao, C., Wu, H. 2015, AJ, 149, 1, " Star-forming properties of barred galaxies III. Statistical study of bar-driven secular evolution using a sample of nearby barred spirals" 137

141NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 E-USAGE STATISTICS FOR ARCHIVED DATA The NOAO Science Archive (http://portal-nvo.noao.edu) provides Principal Investigators (PIs) with access to its raw data and reduced data in process originating from the Chilean NOAO database. (CTIO + SOAR) and Arizona (KPNO + WIYN) telescopes and instruments. A search portal interface allows discovery and retrieval of data for images ranging from 2004 to the present. After the required ownership period (usually 18 months), the data becomes accessible to the general public. In addition, the NOAO Survey Archive (http://archive.noao.edu/nsa) provides targeted access to high-level scientific products from the NOAO Survey Program. The following tables illustrate access to and usage of NOAO's Science Archive and Survey Archive for fiscal year 2015. For each quarter, the table to the left shows the total data download volume in gigabytes, the number of files retrieved and the number of unique visitors who downloaded file data via the ftp site. The table on the right shows website visitor activity, which represents users searching for, browsing and viewing data online. NOAO File Download Activity NOAO File Website Activity (ftp) Files Retrieved Single Bandwidth Pages Single Date (GB) Visitors Retrieved Date (GB) Visitors Viewed FY15 662 253,990 4,730 Q3 FY15 23,418 196,354 257 Q3 FY15 250 176,963 5,124 Q4 FY15 28,562 172,898 214 Q4 FY15 292 306,875 4,578 Total: 85,457 654,592 993 Total: 1, 321 2,470,292 18,627 138

142F. TELESCOPE PROPOSAL STATISTICS F TELESCOPE PROPOSAL STATISTICS F.1 2015A SEMESTER PROPOSAL STATISTICS The following tables list the 2015A Observation Request Statistics for standard and probe proposals requesting resources in the observation system. US ground-based observation coordinated by NOAO. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory Nights Nights Subscription Average Nights DD Nights Programmed Nights for Telescope Requests Rate Previously New Requested Request Assigned (*) New Programs Assigned Programs CT-4m 41 175.8 4.29 91 0 23.5 67.5 2.60 SOAR 29 74.5 2.57 46 0 7 39 1 .91 CT-1.5m 11 37.1 3.37 26.1 0 0 26.1 1.42 TC-1.3m 10 21.6 2.16 16.7 0 6 10.7 2.02 CT-0.9 m 3 22.0 7.33 21 0 7 14 1.57 Kitt Peak National Observatory Nights Nights Subscription Nights Average Nights DD Nights Scheduled for Telescope Requests Rate Previously for New Requested Request Assigned (*) New Programs Assigned KP-4m Programs 50 153.0 3.06 119.5 3.5 18.5 101 1.51 WIYN 22 70.0 3.18 69.5 3.5 13 56.5 1.24 KP-0.9m 4 24. 0 6.00 11 0 0 11 2.18 Gemini Observatory Nights Nights Subscription Nights Average Nights DD Scheduled nights for telescope requests Previous rate for new request Assigned request (*) New assigned programs GEM-N programs 185 156.9 0.85 63.034 0 4.8 58.234 2.69 GEM-S 144 107.5 0.75 56.91 0 6.47 50.44 2.13 139

143NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Community Access Telescopes Nights Nights Subscription Nights Average Nights DD Nights Scheduled for Telescope Requests Previous Rate for New Request Request Assigned (*) New Programs Assigned CHARA Programs 6 11.5 1.92 5 0 0 5 2.30 AAT 12 28.5 2.38 10 0 0 10 2.85 * - Nights Assigned by NOAO Director F.2 SEMESTER 2015B PROPOSAL STATISTICS The following tables list the 2015B Observation Request statistics for standard and survey proposals requesting resources in the system US ground-based observation agency coordinated by NOAO. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory Nights Nights Subscription Average Nights DD Nights Scheduled Nights for Telescope Requests Previous Rate for New Request Request Assigned (*) New Programs Assigned CT-4m Programs 52 143.0 2.75 36.5 0 9 27.5 5.20 SOAR 30 90.9 3.03 46 0 9 37 2.46 CT-1.5m 6 17.4 2.90 17.4 0 0 17.4 1.00 CT-1.3m 7 13.1 1.87 20.9 0 8.36 12, 54 1.04 CT-0.9 m 3 18.0 6.00 17 0 0 17 1.06 Pico Kitt National Observatory Nights Nights Subscription Nights Average Nights DD Nights Scheduled for Telescope Requests Rate Previously for New Request Assigned (*) New programs assigned KP-4M 45 105.0 2.33 108.5 2.5 39.5 69 1.52 Wiyn 26 86.8 3.34 68 4 3 65 1.34 KP-0.9m 5 28.0 5.60 2 7 0 0 27 1.04 140

144F. TELESCOPE PROPOSAL STATISTICS Gemini Observatory Nights Subscription Nights Average Nights DD Nights Scheduled Nights for Telescope Request Rate Previously Requested Requests Allocated (*) New New Assigned Programs GEM-N Programs 188 141.5 0.75 45.158 0 5.258 39.9 3.55 G EM- S 120 72.5 0.60 36.031 1.62 7.3 28.731 2.52 Community Access Telescopes Nights Nights Subscription Nights Average Nights DD Nights Telescope Previously Scheduled Requests Rate for New Request Allocated Request (*) for New Programs Assigned AAT Programs 6 16.6 2.77 10 0 0 10 1.66 * - Nights assigned by NOAO director 141

145NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 G OBSERVATION PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS FOR 2015 The following statistics and observation programs describe only those standard and survey proposals of NOAO's time allocation process that were scheduled to observe time in semesters 2015A/B. G.1 DEMOGRAPHICS The demographics of the 317 unique observing programs, covering just over 831.4 nights, and their investigators are provided below. Annual Summary of Data for Semi-Annual Observing Programs 2015A/B (excludes NOAO staff, except dedicated observing programs) Description US Foreign Exclusive NOAO TAC Observing Programs Scheduled at NOAO Telescopes 289 28 (includes programs under TSIP/FIP at private telescopes) Total number of nights scheduled for previous single observing programs 751 74 Researchers (PI + Co-I) associated with approved observing programs 797 449 (14 researchers were classified as US and foreign) Observers of doctoral theses 65 18 Graduate students without thesis 56 26 Discrete institutions represented 163 163 US States represented (including the District of Columbia) 42 N/A Foreign countries represented N/A 30 Breakdown of researchers from US institutions US for 2015 approved A/B observing programs (excludes NOAO staff) 2 4 NH 0 2 3 6 1 VT 2 0 61 35 MA 0 11 0 3 3 18 RI 2 39 25 1 22 CT 0 18 NJ 0 14 5 49 13 0 1 157 3 12 DE 2 1 63 9 MD 12 11 83 8 0 10 7 DC 4 10 0 42 4 0 12 Researchers by State 0 0 9 PR 15 14 16 HI 5 15 15 16 39 5 40 157 7 14 2

146G. FY 2015 OBSERVATION PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Investigators by Country Top 10 US Institutions with Most Exclusive Investigators Observing Programs for Observing Programs for Semesters 2015A/B Semesters 20145/B (Excludes NOAO staff) (Excludes NOAO staff) # of country* # Rank Researchers from US institutions US 809 1 University of Arizona 37 UK 97 2 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 34 Germany 79 3 University of Texas, Austin 24 Chile 54 4 University of Chicago 21 Canada 44 5 University of California, Berkeley 20 Australia 36 6 Yale University 19 Brazil 18 7 Johns Hopkins University 18 France 18 8 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 17 Spain 17 9 Arizona State University 16 South Africa 16 10 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 16 Taiwan 14 Netherlands 13 Italy 10 China 8 Top 10 Foreign Institutions with Most Unique Researchers Israel 7 Observation Programs for Semesters 2015A/B (excludes NOAO staff) Japan 7 # from Denmark 6 Researchers from Ranking Foreign Institutions Austria 4 1 European Southern Observatory 21 Portugal 3 2 University of Chile 17 Sweden 3 3 Max Planck Institute fr extraterrestrische Physik 13 Czech Republic 2 4 Max Planck Institute fr Astronomie 13 Korea 2 5 University of Cambridge 13 Poland 2 6 Gemini Observatory South 12 Russia 2 7 Australian National University 11 Finland 1 8 University of Warwick 11 Hungary 1 9 South African Astronomical Observatory 10 Mexico 1 10 University of Toronto 10 New Zealand 1 Norway 1 South Korea 1 *The location of the researcher's institution determines the country of origin of the researcher. 143

147NOAO FISCAL YEAR FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT G.2 CERRO TOLOLO INTER-AMERICAN OBSERVATORY Blanco 4m Telescope: The US community has access through NOAO's TAC to 90% of Blanco's time, with 10% available to proponents Chileans. 4.1m SOAR Telescope: The US community has access to approximately 30% of SOAR time, with 10% available to Chilean proponents. Small CTIO Telescopes: NOAO has access 15% of the time at each of the three telescopes now operated by the SMARTS consortium: CTIO 1.5m, 1.3m (formerly 2MASS) and 0.9m telescopes. The 1.0m telescope was closed during fiscal year 2015. CTIO Telescopes: US Programs Approved in 2015A and 2015B (63) and US Theses (17) CT-4m 10 (Northern University of Arizona), E. Christensen (Lunar and Planetary Laboratory), M. Brown (California Institute of Technology - Division of Geosciences and Planetary Sciences), T. Axelrod (LSST), B. Burt (O) (U. of Northern Arizona), A. Earle (U) (Siena College), D. James (CTIO), D. Herrera (O) (NOAO), S. Larson (Lunar and Planetary Laboratory): "The DECam NEO Survey" B. Barlow (High Point University) , B. Dunlap (G) (U. of North Carolina), S. Geier (ESO): SOAR 2 “Finding and Characterizing SN Ia Double Detonation Ejected Donor Remains” C. Bell (U. of Rochester ), D. James (CTIO), T. Naylor, J. Rees (G) (University of Exeter), E. CT-4m 0.5 Mamajek, F. Moolekamp (G) (U. of Rochester): "Environmental impact on disk lifetime: solid ages for low-density star-forming regions" B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology - Division of Geo and Planetary Sciences), M. Liu CT-1.5m-SVC 3.5 (tu from Hawaii) , B. Riaz (University of Hertfordshire), J. Gizis (U. of Delaware), E. Shkolnik (Lowell Observatory): "Reconnaissance of young M dwarfs: confirmation of the elusive majority of nearby mobile groups" B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology--Division of Geo and Planetary Sciences), M. Liu CT-1.5m-SVC 2.7 (U. of Hawaii), E. Shkolnik (Lowell Observatory), B. Riaz (U. of Maryland), J. Gizis (U. of Delaware): "Reconnaissance of M dwarfs youth: confirmation of the elusive majority of nearby moving groups" C. Briceno, A. Tokovinin (CTIO), M. Petr-Gotzens (ESO), N. Calvet (U. of Michigan): "A SOAR 2.5 multiplicity survey at the Orion OB1 Association" C. Briceno, S. Heathcote (CTIO), P. Hartigan (Rice U.): "High-resolution optical imaging of SOAR 1 HH 46/47 with SAM" C. Briceno, S. Heathcote ( CTIO), P. Hartigan (Rice U.): "A SOAR Adaptive Optics Study of SOAR 4 Herbig-Haro Objects" A. Calamida (STScI), S. Randall (ESO), G. Bono (Universita tor Vergata in Rome ), A. CT-4m 3 Kunder (Leibniz-Institut fuer Astrophysik), A. Rest (STScI): "The recently discovered extreme horizontal branch pulsators in Centauri: a class apart?" Key: (T) = Thesis student; (G) = Graduate; (U) = Bachelor's degree; (O) = Other; TOO = Opportunity Target Programming 144

148G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US Programs (63) and US Theses (17) Telescope(s) Noches B. Cobb (George Washington University), C. Bailyn (Yale University ): "Optical/IR Tracking of CT-1.3m 1.5 SMARTS Gamma-Ray Bursts" B. Cobb (George Washington University), C. Bailyn (Yale University): "Optical/IR Tracking of CT-1.3m 1.5 Bursts of SMARTS Gamma Rays" D. Crnojevic (Texas Tech University), J. Hargis (Haverford College), D. Sand (CT-4m 2 Texas Tech University), B. Willman (Haverford College): "The weak end from the Galaxy Luminosity Function: Digging into the Halo of NGC 3109" A. Crotts (Columbia U.), S. Heathcote (CTIO), S. Lawrence (Hofstra University): "SN 1987A SOAR 2 becomes SN Remnant 1987A" S. Dhital, T. Oswalt (Embry-Riddle Aeronautical U.), J. Holberg (U. of Arizona): SOAR 4 "Observational Constraints on the White Dwarf Mass-Radius Relation" T. Esplin (G) , K. Luhman (Pennsylvania State U.), E. Mamajek (U. of Rochester), E. Miller CT-4m 3 (U) (Pennsylvania State U.): "A Complete Survey for Disk-bearing Members of the Upper Sco Association" W. Fischer, D. Padgett (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) : "Optical Spectroscopy of Young Stellar Objects Identified by SOAR 2 WISE at Canis Major" R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), A. Rest (STScI), D. Scolnic (U. of Chicago), Y. SOAR 6 Pan (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), S. Jha (Rutgers U.), R. Hounsell (STScI): “Next Generation Low-z Type Ia Supernova Sample for Cosmology” R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), A. Rest (STScI), D. Scolnic (U. of Chicago), G SOAR 4 Narayan (NOAO), Y. Pan (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign): "Type Ia supernova sample Next-Generation Low-Generation Sensors for Cosmology" L. French (Illinois Wesleyan U.), R. Stephens (O ) (GMARS Center for Solar System Studies), CT-4m 5 L. Wasserman (Lowell Observatory), D. James ( CTIO), K. Connour (U) (Illinois Wesleyan U.): "In Search of the Trojan Turn Barrier" M. Geha, A. Bonaca (G) (Yale U.), K. Johnston (Columbia U. ), N. Kallivayalil (U. of CT-4m 2 Virginia), A. Kupper (Columbia U.), D Nidever (U. of Michigan): "An Abridged Tail: Mapping the Palomar 5 Tidal Stream with DECam" J. Hargis, B. Willman (Haverford College ), D. Crnojevic, D. Sand (Texas Technical CT-4m 2 University ), A. Zolotov, A. Peter (Ohio State U.): "Dwarfs Around Dwarfs: Dwarf satellites and stellar halos around the dIrr WLM and IC 1613 " T. Harrison, B. McNamara (New Mexico State U.): "Search for CT-1.3m 0.6 photometric variations of the irradiated donor star in Sco X-1" C. Johns-Krull, P. Hartigan (Rice U. ), P. Cauley (Wesleyan U.): "Confirmation of CT-1.3 young m 0.52 Eclipsing Binaries in Carina" C. Kaleida, R. Students (U) (CTIO), J. Masiero (CalTech-JPL), F. Walter (SUNY), D. Kopac CT-0.9m 8 (Liverpool John Moores University ), N. van der Bliek, D. James, S. Points (CTIO): "CTIO REU/PIA Student Observations: Opportunity Objectives 145

149NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US programs (63) and US theses (17) Telescope(s) Nights L. Keller (Ithaca College), G. Sloan (Cornell U.): " Near-infrared study of gas emission from protoplanetary disks SOAR 0.5 in the Small Magellanic Cloud" A. Koekemoer (STScI), J. Mould, J. Cooke (Swinburne U.), S. Wyithe (U. of Melbourne) , L. Wang (Texas A&M U.), M. Trenti (U. of Melbourne), T. Abbott (CTIO), S. Uddin (G), A. Katsianis (G), and E. Tescari (U. of Melbourne). ): "Luminous Supernovae at the Epoch of the CT-4m 3 Reionization" T. Lee (Western Kentucky U.), R. Shaw, L. Stanghellini (NOAO): "Chemical Abundances of Compact Planetary Nebulae SOAR 3 in the Disk galactic" B. Mason ( US Naval Observatory), A. Tokovinin (CTIO), W. Hartkopf (US Naval Observatory SOAR 1): "Mottled interferometry of ``fast'' binaries" N. Moskovitz (Lowell Observatory), D. Trilling (Northern Arizona U. ), C. Thomas (NASA CT-1.3m 12 Goddard Space Flight Center), D. Polishook, F. DeMeo, R. Binzel (MIT), P. Abell (NASA Johnson Space Center), M. Person (MIT), M. Busch (CalTech-JPL), M. Willman (U.S. of Hawaii), E. Christensen (Lunar and Planetary Laboratory), T. Endicott (U) (University of Massachusetts, Boston), M. Hinkle (U. of Northern Arizona), A. Thirouin (Lowell Observatory): "Mission accessible near -Earth Objects Survey (MANOS)" J. Muzerolle (STScI), K. Flaherty (Wesleyan U.), Z. Balog (Max Planck Institute for CT-1.3m 3.2 Astronomy), T. Beck (STScI), E . Furlan (IPAC), R. Gutermuth (U. Mass): "Photometric Monitoring of Nearby Binary T Tauri Stars: Connecting Accretion Activity to Inner Disk Structure" D. Nidever (U. of Michigan), K. . Olsen (NOAO), G. Besla (U. of Columbia), R. Gruendl (U. of CT-4m 16 Illinois Urbana-Champaign), A. Saha (NOAO), C. Gallart (Canaria Institute of Astrophysics), E. Olszewski (U. of Arizona ), R. Munoz (University of Chile), M. Monelli CT-0.9m 7 (Canaria Institute of Astrophysics), A. Kunder (CTIO), C. Kaleida (Arizona State U). ), A. Walker (CTIO) , G. Stringfellow (U. of Colorado), D. Zaritsky (U. of Arizona), R. Van Der Marel (STScI), R. Blum (NOAO), K. Vivas (Center). of Astronomy Research), Y. Chu (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), N. Martin, B. Conn, N. Noel (Max Planck Institute fuer Astronomy), S. Majewski (U. of Virginia), S. Jin (University of Groningen), H. Kim (G ) (U. of Arizona State), M. Cioni (University of Hertfordshire), E. Bell, A. Monachesi (U. of Michigan), T. De Boer (Kapteyn Astronomical Institute): "Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History - SMASH " E. Olszewski, J. Holberg, L. Camarota (G) (U. of Arizona), A. Saha, T. Matheson (NOAO), SOAR 5 C. Stubbs (Harvard U.), G. Narayan ( NOAO) , T. Axelrod (U. of Arizona): "Calibration standards of the southern DA white dwarf" M. Person, A. Bosh, S. Levine (MIT): "Investigating Pluto's atmosphere with occultations stellar SOAR 1.5 in the New Horizons era" V. Placco (Gemini Observatory), T. Beers (U. of Notre Dame), S. Points, C. Kaleida (CTIO), SOAR 4 Y. Lee (Chungnam National University ), D. Carollo (U. Macquarie), V. Smith (NOAO): "Identification of CEMP bright stars in the RAVE catalogue" 146

150G. OBSERVING AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS FOR THE AF 2015 CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US programs (63) and US theses (17) Nights S. Points Telescope (CTIO), P. Maggi (Max Planck Institute for Physics). Extraterrestrial) , P. Kavanagh SOAR 3 (University of Tubinga), F. Haberl (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics), M. Sasaki (University of Tubinga), R. Smith (CTIO), Y. Chu (ASIAA), R.S . Williams (Columbus State U.), J. Dickel (U. of New Mexico): "Optical spectroscopy of supernova remnant candidates in the LMC" A. Rest (STScI), F. Bianco (NYU), R. Chornock ( Ohio U .). ), A. Clocchiatti (Pontifical Catholic University of Chile), D. James (CTIO), S. Margheim (Gemini South Observatory), T. Matheson (NOAO), J. Prieto (Diego Portales University), and R . Smith (CTIO).), N. Smith (U. CT-4m 3 of Arizona), N. Walborn (STScI), D. Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): Remainder (STScI), F.S .Bianco (NYU), R. Chornock (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for CT-4m 2.5 Astrophysics), A. Clocchiatti (Pontifical Catholic University of Chile) and R. Foley (U.S. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), D. James (CTIO). ), T. Matheson, G. Narayan, K. Olsen (NOAO), S. Points (CTIO), J. Prieto (University Diego Portales), R. Smith (CTIO ). ), N. Smith (U. of Arizona), N. Suntzeff (Texas A&M U.), D. Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Light Echoes of Galactic Explosions and Eruptions" A Rest (STScI), J. Andrews (U. of Arizona), F. Bianco (NYU), R. Chornock (Harvard- CT-4m 2 Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), A. Clocchiatti (Pontifical Catholic University of Chile), D. James (CTIO), S. Margheim (Gemini South Observatory), T. Matheson (NOAO), J. Prieto (University Diego Portals), R. Smith (CTIO), N. Smith (U. of Arizona), N Walborn ( STScI), D. Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Photometric time series of the great eruption of Carinae" A. Rest (STScI), F. Bianco (NYU), R. Chornock (Ohio U). .).), A. Clocchiatti (Pontifical CT-4m 7 Catholic University of Chile), R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), D. James (CTIO), T. Matheson, G. Narayan, K . Olsen (NOAO)., S. Points (CTIO), J. Prieto (University Diego Portals), R. Smith (CTIO), N. Smith (U.S. of Arizona), N. Suntzeff (Texas A&M U.), D.S . Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Light Echoes from Galactic Explosions and Eruptions" M. Reynolds, J. Miller (U. of Michigan): "Orbital Period Constraint of an Enigmatic X-CT -1.3m 1 ray binary" R. Rich (UCLA), A. Kunder (CTIO), C. Johnson (UCLA), S. Michael (Indiana U.) ;, W. CT-4m 6 Clarkson (U. of Michigan Dearborn), M. Irwin (University of Cambridge), R. Ibata (Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory), M. Soto (La Serena University), Z. Ivezic (U of Washington, R. De Propris (ESO), A.S . : "Survey on the Galactic Bulge White DECam" C. Rusu, C. Fassnacht (UC Davis), T. Treu (UC Santa Barbara), S. Suyu (ASIAA), M. Auger CT-4m 2 (University of Cambridge) , L. Koopmans (Captain Astronomical Institute), P. Marshall (Stanford U.), K. Wong (ASIA), T. Collett (University of Cambridge), A. Agnello (UC Santa Barbara), R. Blandford (Stanford U.). .), F. Courbin (Lausanne Polytechnic School), S. Hilbert (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy), G. Meylan (Lausanne Polytechnic School), D. Sluse (University of Bonn): "Quantification of Mass Distributions." of line of sight for time delay lenses" 147

151NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B US programs approved (63) and US theses (17) Telescope(s) Nights D. Schlegel (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Dey (NOAO), D Lang (Carnegie Mellon U.), P. Nugent (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), D. Eisenstein (Harvard U.), G. Rudnick (U. of Kansas), J. Moustakas (Siena College), A. Myers ( U. of Wyoming), R. CT-4m 22 Wechsler (Stanford U.), S. Bailey (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), E. Bell (U. of Michigan), D. Bizyaev (New Mexico State U.) , M.S. Blanton (NYU), A. Bolton (University of Utah), M. Brodwin (U. of Missouri, Kansas City), K. Bundy (University of Tokyo), R. Carlberg (University of Toronto), and F. Castander (U.S. ).Barcelona), J. Comparat (Marseille Laboratory of Astrophysics), K. Dawson (University of Utah), T. Dwelly (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics), T. Delubac (Lausanne Polytechnic School), M. Dickinson (NOAO, P. Eisenhardt (CalTech-JPL), X. Fan (U. of Arizona), E. Fernandez (U Barcelona), D. Finkbeiner (Harvard U.), and P. Fosalba (Spanish Institute of Science), S Foucaud (National Normal University of Taiwan), J. Garcia-Bellido (Autonomous University of Madrid), E. Gaztanaga (U Barcelona), M. Geha (Yale U.) and A. Gonzalez (USA). of Florida), O. Graur (Johns Hopkins U.), J. Guy (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), N. Hetherington (G) (University of Toronto), K. Honsheid, E. Huff (Ohio State U.), Z .Ivezic (U. of Washington), G. Kauffmann (Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics), J. Kneib (Lausanne Polytechnic School), R. Kron (U. of Chicago), T. Learn (Johns Hopkins U.). , M. Levi (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), B. Menard (Johns Hopkins University), A. Merloni (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics), R. Miquel (U Barcelona), and J. Mohr (Ludwig- Maximilian- Muchen University). , D. Monet (US Naval Observatory), K. Nandra (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics), J. Newman (U. of Pittsburgh), P. Norberg (University of Durham), B. Nord (FNAL). ), E Ofek (Weizmann Institute of Science), C. Padilla (U Barcelona), N. Palanque-Delabrouille (CEA), P. Predehl (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics), C. Prieto (Canaria Institute of Astrophysics) , K. Reil (SLAC), C. Rockosi (UC Santa Cruz), E. Rozo (Stanford U.), N. Ross (Drexel U.), E. Rykoff (Stanford U.), and M. Salvato (Max Institute). Planck) of Extraterrestrial Physics, E. Sanchez (Autonomous University of Madrid), E. Schlafly (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy), U. Seljak (UC Berkeley), A. Stanford (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), and R. Thomas (Lawrence). Berkeley). National Laboratory), F. Valdes (NOAO), A. Walker (CTIO), M. White (UC Berkeley), G. Zhu (Johns Hopkins U.): "The DECam Legacy Survey of the SDSS Equatorial Sky". S. Sheppard (Carnegie Institution of Washington), C. Trujillo (Gemini Observatory): "The CT-4m 2 Inner Oort Cloud Population" S. Sheppard (Carnegie Institution of Washington), C. Trujillo (Gemini Observatory): "The CT -4m 5 Inner Oort Cloud Population" J. Smith (Austin Peay State U.), D. Tucker, S. Allam (FNAL), D. Gulledge (U) (Austin Peay CT-0.9m 10 State U.), W.S Wester (FNAL), E. Juelfs (U) (Austin Peay State U.): "Targeted Samples of the Hot Stellar Content in the Southern Sky" R. Smith (CTIO), F. Forster (University of Chile), K Vivas (CTIO), M. Hamuy, J. SOAR 3 Maureria, G. Cabrera (University of Chile), J. Anderson (ESO), S. Gonzalez, L. Galbany (University of Chile), F. Bufano (Andres University). Bello), T. De Jaeger (University of Chile), E. Hsiao (Carnegie Observatories), G. Pignata (Andres Bello University), R. Muñoz, E. Vera (University of Chile): "HITS Tracking: Transient Survey of high cadence, real-time tracking of stellar explosions" S. Sonnett, A. Mainzer, J. Bauer (CalTech-JPL), T. Grav (PSI), J. Masiero, C. Nugent CT-4m- TOO (CalTech) .-JPL): "Determination of orbits and sizes of near-Earth objects discovered by NEOWISE, continued"

152G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US Programs (63) and US Theses (17) Noches Telescope(s) S. Sonnett, A. Mainzer (CalTech-JPL), T. Grav (PSI) ), J. Bauer, J. Masiero (CalTech-JPL): SOAR 4 "Confirmation of binary asteroid candidates to constrain the dynamic evolution of the solar system" G. Stringfellow (U. of Colorado): "LBV: ! Caught in the act!" CT-1.5m-SVC 4 CT-1.3m 1.3 G. Stringfellow (U. of Colorado): "LBVs - Caught in the act!" CT-1.5m-SVC 4 G. Stringfellow (U. of Colorado): "Spectral confirmation of new galactic stars LBV and WN CT-1.3m 1.3 associated with mid-IR nebulae" G. Stringfellow (U. of Colorado): " Spectral confirmation of new galactic stars LBV and WN CT-1.3m 1.1 associated with mid-IR nebulae" C. Thomas, L. Lim (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), D. Trilling (northern Arizona U.), SOAR 3 N Moskovitz (Lowell Observatory): "Search for a Distinct Asteroid Family" C. Thomas, L. Lim (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), D. Trilling (Northern U. of Arizona), SOAR 2 N. Moskovitz (Lowell Observatory): "Search for a discrete asteroid family" A. Tokovinin (CTIO), B. Mason, W. Hartkopf (US Naval Observatory): "SOAR Dynamics 2 resolved triple and binary systems `` ''" A. Tokovinin (CTIO): "Snapshot RV Survey of Secondary Components" CT-1.5m-SVC 2 A. Tokovinin (CTIO): "Spectroscopic Orbits in Nearby Triple Systems" CT-1.5m-SVC 4 B Tucker (UC Berkeley), A. Rest (STScI) ), R. Smith (CTIO), F. Forster (University of CT-4m 1.5 Chile), P. Garnavich (U. of Notre Dame), D. James, A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Capturing supernovae in the act with KEGS (Kepler Extra-Galactic Survey) and DECam" K. Vivas (CTIO), J. Fernandez-Trincado (G) ( Observatoire de Besancon), M. Catelan SOAR 3 (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile), G. Torrealba (G) (University of Cambridge): "Where are the remnants of Cen's parent galaxy?" F. Walter (SUNY): "Recent Novae 2004-2012: What are they now?" CT-4m 4 F. Walter (SUNY): "Post-burst observations of the recurring nova V745 Sco" CT-1.5m-SVC 2.4 CT-1.3m 1.13 F. Walter (SUNY), G. Denicolo (Suffolk Community College, Selden), S. Kafka (AAVSO), CT-1.5m-SVC 1.7 A. Pagnotta (American Museum of Natural History): "The denouement of KT Eridani" CT-1.3m 0.6 Thesis programs of USA (17) C. Belardi ( T), M. Kilic (U. of Oklahoma), B. Jannuzi (U. of Arizona), A. Dey (NOAO), P. CT-4m 4 Stetson (Council Research Institute of Canada), S. Barber (G ) (U. of Oklahoma): "A search for habitable planets around white dwarfs" 149

153NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US programs (63) and US theses (17) Telescope(s) Nights E. Berger (Harvard U.), M. Soares-Santos (FNAL), P. Cowperthwaite (T) (Harvard U.), J. Annis (FNAL), G. Bernstein (U. of Pennsylvania), D. Brown (Syracuse University), E. Buckley-Geer (FNAL), L. Cadonati ( Georgia Institute of Technology, S. Cenko (NASA CT-4m-TOO Goddard Space Flight Center), H. Chen (G) (U. of Chicago), R. Chornock (Ohio U.), S. Desai (Universitaets- Sternwarte Munchen ), H. Diehl (FNAL), M. Drout (G) (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), S. Fairhurst (University of Cardiff), B. Farr (U. of Chicago), D. Finley, B.S . LANL), C. Hanna (Pennsylvania State U.), D. Holz (U. of Chicago), D. Kasen (UC Berkeley), R. Kessler (U. of Chicago), H. Lin (FNAL). . FNAL), E. Quataert (UC Berkeley), A. Rest (STScI), M. Sako (U.S. of Pennsylvania), D. Scolnic (U. of Chicago), N. Smith (U. of Arizona), R. Smith (CTIO), F. Sobreira (FNAL), P. Sutton (Cardiff University), and A. Villar ( G), P. Williams (U of Harvard), B. Yanny (FNAL), D. Gerdes (U of Michigan), R. Gruendl (U of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), A. Walker (CTIO) : " DECam tracking of the first advanced gravitational wave detection LIGO/Virgo" T. Esplin (T), K. Luhman (Pennsylvania State U.), E. Mamajek (U. of Rochester): "Searching for CT-4m 1 for the Bottom part of the initial mass function" C. Grillmair (IPAC), N. Hetherington (T), R. Carlberg (University of Toronto), B. Willman CT-4m 1 (Haverford College): "Mapping the orphan stream with DECam" K. Gullikson (T), A. Kraus (U. of Texas, Austin): "Searching for companions of A and B CT-1.5m-SVC 5 stars: Follow-up" S. Kannappan, K. Eckert ( T) ( U. of North Carolina), D. Norman (NOAO), M. Norris (Max SOAR 3 Planck Institute for Astronomy), E. Hoversten, D. Stark (G), A. Moffett (G), A . Baker (U ) (U.S. of North Carolina, A. Berlind (Vanderbilt U.), S. Crawford (SAAO), I. Damjanov (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), I. dell'Antonio (Brown U.), and R. Gonzalez (U.S.). . of Chicago), K. Hall (U) (U. of North Carolina), S. Khochfar (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics), A. Leroy (NRAO), Y. Lu (Stanford U.), C.S. Maraston (University of Portsmouth), S. McGaugh (Case Western Reserve U.), L. Naluminsa (G) (SAAO), J. Salzer (Indiana U.), J. Sellwood (Rutgers U.), P. Vaisanen ( SAAO) , L. Watson (Harvard- Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Resolved spectroscopy of a local volume: the RESOLVE survey in Stripe 82" M. Kiminki (T), N. Smith (U. of Arizona): "Use of the 3D kinematics for Identify the birthplaces CT-1.5m-SVC 2 of distributed massive stars: specific tracking of radial velocity variables" M. Lucas (T), J. Emery, N. Pinilla-Alonso (U. of Tennessee ), C. Thomas (NASA Goddard SOAR 1 Space Flight Center): "Building Blocks of Terrestrial Planets: Mineralogy of Hungarian Asteroids" L. Macri, W. Yuan (T) (Texas A&M U.), A. Riess (Johns Hopkins U.) : "Toward a measurement of 2% CT-1.3m 4.31 of H_0: near-infrared light curves of galactic cepheids" E. Mamajek, F. Moolekamp (T), C. Bell (U. of Rochester), K. Luhman (Pennsylvania State CT-4m 2 U.), S. Metchev (University of Western Ontario), D. James (CTIO), M. Pecaut (Rockhurst University): "DECam Survey for Benchmark Brown Dwarfs." in the nearest obstetrical association" 150

154G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US Programs (63) and US Theses (17) Telescope(s) Nights J. McCleary (T), I. Dell'Antonio, P. Huwe (Brown U.): "The low redshift end of the mass substructure function of the CT-4m 2 group" B. Montet (T) (California Institute of Technology--Exolab), B. Bowler (Institute of Technology--Division of Geo and Planetary Science), L. Hillenbrand (California Institute of Technology-Department of Astronomy), A. Kraus (U. of Texas, Austin): "CT-1.5m-SVC Fundamental Parameters 1 of Pre-Main Sequence M Dwarfs" T. Pewett (T), T. Henry, M. Silverstein (G) (Georgia State U.): "Deciphering the main sequence of 3 masses CT-1.5m-SVC wide and low " S. Rice (T), D. Batuski , A. Favia (U. of Maine), P. Howell (Boston U.): "Mapping of CT-4m 1 dark matter through weak lensing in the nuclei of extremely overdense superclusters of Aquarius and Microscopium" B. Tofflemire (T), R. Mathieu (U. of Wisconsin, Madison), D. Ardila (The Aerospace CT-1.3m 3.11 Corporation): "Accretion in pre-main sequence binaries" B. Tofflemire (T), R. Mathieu (U. of Wisconsin, Madison), D. Ardila (The Aerospace CT-1.3m 2.7 Corporation): "Accession in Pre-Main Sequence Binaries" A. von der Linden, S. Allen (Stanford U.), A. Mantz (U. of Chicago), A. Wright (T) (Stanford CT-4m 2.5 U.), D. Applegate (Universitat Bonn), P. Kelly (UC Berkeley), G. Morrison (Stanford U.), D. Rapetti (Dark Cosmology Center) : "Weighing the gas giants f_" CTIO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved Foreign Programs (6) and Foreign Telescope Evening Theses (4) T. De Boer, V. Belokurov, M. Irwin, S. Koposov, D. Erkal , I. Simion (University of CT-4m 2 Cambridge): "Properties of galactic dark matter with the orphan current" F. Dufour, R. Rutledge (O) (McGill University): "A continuing study of unclassified CT - 0.9m 6 ROSAT-BSC sources for qLMXB" candidates M. Galiazzo, P. Wiegert (University of Western Ontario), G. Carraro (ESO), W. Zeilinger CT-1.3m 1.73 (Universitat Wien (University of Vienna)), V. Carruba (Sao Paulo State University): "Taxonomic discrimination of the Tina asteroid family through photometric color indices" M. Hilton (University of KwaZulu-Natal), M. Hasselfield (Princeton University), J. Hughes (Rutgers SOAR 5 U.), T. Marriage (Johns Hopkins U.), C. Sifon (G) (Leiden University), N. Battaglia (Princeton U.): "Confirmation of redshift of distant candidates from ACTPol Sunyaev-Zel'dovich clusters of galaxies" H. Hsieh (ASIAA): "The rotation rate of active asteroid 311P/PANSTARRS" SOAR Key 1: (T) = Thesis student; (G) = Graduate; (U) = Bachelor's degree; (O) = Other; TOO = Opportunity Target Programming 151

155NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT CTIO Telescopes: 2015A & 2015B Approved Foreign Programs (6) & Foreign Telescope Night Theses (4) N. Richardson (University of Montreal), T. Gull, M. Teodoro, M. Corcoran (NASA Goddard CT-1.5m-SVC 0.8 Space Flight Center), A. Moffat (University of Montreal), D. Hillier (U. of Pittsburgh), T. Madura (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center): "Fundamental properties of eta Carinae Revealed by High Resolution Spectroscopy" Overseas Thesis Programs (4) E. Balbinot, M. Gieles, A. Zocchi, V. Henault-Brunet (University of Surrey), A. Kupper CT-4m 2 (Columbia U .), I Claydon (T) (University of Surrey): "A Southern Wide Field Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters and Their Tidal Tails" T. Ramiaramanantsoa (T), A. Moffat, N. Richardson (University of Montreal), T. Eversberg CT-1.5m-SVC 4 (Schnorringen Institute of Telescopic Sciences), B. Heathcote (O) (Barfold Observatory), A. Chene (Gemini South Observatory), W. Waldron (Eureka Scientific), B Miszalski (SAAO): "Probing the Photospheric Origin of Large-Scale Wind Structures in the Hot Supergiant Puppis" N. Richardson, A. Moffat, T. Ramiaramanantsoa (T) (University of Montreal), G. Hill (Keck) , CT-1.5m-SVC 3.4 P Tuthill (U. of Sydney), N. St-Louis (University of Montreal), A. Chene (Gemini South Observatory), O. Schnurr (Leibniz-Institut fuer Astrophysik), B. Heathcote (O) (Barfold Observatory), E. Aldoretta ( G), M. Muñoz (G), H. Pablo (University of Montreal), M. Corcoran (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center): "The Spectroscopic Variability of the Rosetta Stone Binary gamma Velorum" M. Sullivan (University of Southampton) , P. Nugent (Lawrence Berkeley CT-4m 6.5 National Laboratory), D. Howell (UC Santa Barbara), R. Nichol (University of Portsmouth), J. Cooke (Swinburne U.), R. Smith (CTIO), P Brown (Texas A&M U.), S. Smartt (Queen's U. Belfast), A. Gal-Yam (Weizmann Institute of Science), C. D'Andrea (University of Portsmouth), B. Bassett (SAAO), K Barbary (Argonne National Laboratory), A. Papadopoulos (T) (University of Portsmouth), L. Bildsten (UC Santa Barbara), M. Sako (U. of Pennsylvania), R. Quimby (U.S. Institute of Mathematics and Physics University of Tokyo), S. Gonzalez-Gaitain, F. Buron (Universidad de Chile), C. Inserra (Queen's U. Belfast), P. Martini (Ohio State U.), M. Smith (University of Southampton): " SUDSS: Survey using Decam for superluminous supernovae" 152

156G. FISCAL YEAR 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS G.3 KITT PEAK NATIONAL OBSERVATORY Mayall 4m Telescope: The US community has access to 60% of the science time at the Mayall. (Approximately 40% of Mayall's time will be spent surveying DESI targets (MzLS in 2016 and 2017, almost all in A semesters). MzLS data will be public. WIYN 3.5m Telescope: The American Community has access to approximately 40% of the time WIYN 0.9m Kitt Peak Telescope: US community has access to approximately 30% of the time KP 0.9m KPNO Telescopes: Approved US Programs in 2015A and 2015B (49) and US Theses (22) Telescope(s) Noches T. Allen (Lowell Observatory), S. Megeath (U. of Toledo), J. Prchlik (G) (Case Western KP -4m 2.5 Reserve U.), N. Karnath (G) (U. of Toledo), R. Gutermuth (U. Mass), L. Allen (NOAO), J. Pipher (U. of Rochester): "Kosmos Spectroscopy of Cep OB3b" F. Bastien (Pennsylvania State U.), K. Stassun (Vanderbilt U. ), W. Chaplin (WIYN 5 University of Birmingham), D. Huber (U. of Sydney): "Correlation of photometric variability and chromospheric activity in Kepler's stars" M. Batiste, M. Bentz (Georgia State U.), M. Bershady (U. of Wisconsin, Madison): WIYN 4 "Deconstruction Dynamics: Improving AGN Measurements for Calibration of the M_BH Relationship -" B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology - Div. of Geo and Planetary Sciences), M. Liu KP - 4m 1.5 (U. of Hawaii), B. Riaz (University of Hertfordshire), J. Gizis (U. of Delaware), E. Shkolnik (Lowell Observatory): "Recognition of young M dwarfs: confirmation of the elusive majority of nearby mobile groups" B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology--Division of Geo and Planetary Sciences), M. Liu WIYN 7.5 (U. of Hawaii), E. Shkolnik (Lowell Observatory), B. Riaz (U. . of Maryland), J. Gizis (U. of Delaware): "Reconnaissance of young M dwarfs: new targets for direct imaging planet searches" M. Buie (Southwest Research Institute), L. Wasserman (Lowell Observatory) : "KBO orbits KP-4m 5 for occultation predictions" M. Buie (Southwest Research Institute), L. Wasserman (Lowell Observatory): "KBO KP-4m 3 astrometry for improved occultation sampling" P. Cauley, S. Redfield (Wesleyan U.), A. Jensen (University of Nebraska, Kearney ), M. Endl, WIYN 4 W. Cochran (U. of Texas, Austin), T. Barman (U. of Arizona), G. Duvvuri (G), J. Dann (G) (Wesleyan U.): "Looking for pre-transit hydrogen uptake around hot planets" R Ciardullo (Pennsylvania State U.), K. Gebhardt (U. of Texas, Austin), J. Feldmeier KP-4m 10 (Youngstown State University), C. Gronwall (U. of Pennsylvania State), G. Hill , S. Tuttle (U. of Texas, Austin), G. Zeimann (Pennsylvania State U.), S. Finkelstein, E. McLinden, I. Wold (U. of Texas, Austin), A. Hagen (G), J. Bridge (G) (Pennsylvania State U.): "An Imaging Survey for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment" Key: (T) = Thesis Student; (G) = Graduate; (U) = Bachelor's degree; (O) = Other; TOO = Opportunity Target Programming 153

157NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT KPNO Telescopes: 2015A & 2015B Approved US Programs (49) & US Theses (22) Telescope(s) Noches S. Dhital, T. Oswalt (Embry-Riddle Aeronautical U.), J. Holberg (U. of Arizona): KP-4m 5 "Observational constraints on the mass-radius relationship of the white dwarf" M. Everett (NOAO), S. Howell (NASA Ames Research Center), D. Silva (NOAO) , P. Szkody KP -4m 7 (U. of Washington): "Spectroscopy of Kepler Candidate Exoplanet Host Stars" R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), A. Rest (STScI), D. Scolnic (U. Chicago), Y KP-4m 2 Pan (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), S. Jha (Rutgers U.), R. Hounsell (STScI): "Next Generation Low-z Type Ia Supernova Sample for Cosmology " A. Geller (Northwestern U.), S. Meibom (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), S. WIYN 2 Barnes (Leibniz-Institut fuer Astrophysik), R. Mathieu (U. of Wisconsin, Madison): "The system Solar-like hard binary Frequency and distributions of orbital parameters in the open cluster M37" M. Giampapa (National Solar Observatory), J. Hall (Lowell Observatory): "WIYN 4 WIYN/Hydra and K2 contemporary measurements of the magnetic properties of stars similar to the Sun" C Griffith, R. Zellem (G) (U. of Arizona), K. Pearson (G) (Northern Arizona U.), I. KP-4m 1 Waldmann (University College London), A. Alvarez-Candal (Observatorio Nacional Brasil), J. Turner (G) (U. of Virginia): "Clouds on extrasolar planets with inflated atmospheres" J. Hartman, G. Bakos, X. Huang (G) (Princeton University): "Confirmation of the inflated size of a WIYN 3.5 transiting Super-Jupiter with WHIRC" J Hartman, G. Bakos, X. Huang (G) (Princeton University): "Finding WIYN 2.5 Faint Stellar Companions for Transiting Planetary Systems from HATNet with DSSI/WIYN" K. Herrmann (Pennsylvania State University), D Hunter (Lowell Observatory), R. Ciardullo WIYN 4 (Pennsylvania State U.), G. Jacoby (GMT), M. Johnson (CSIRO), H. Zhang (Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics): "Dynamics of planetary nebulae in Dwarf Irregular Galaxies" K. Herrmann (Penn State Mont Alto), R. Ciardullo (Pennsylvania State U.): "Planetary WIYN 4 Nebula Kinematics of NGC 6946" J. Holberg (U. of Arizona), M. Burleigh, I Braker (G), K. Lawrie (University of Leicester): KP-4m 3 "Spectroscopic Characterization of Kepler 2 White Dwarfs" S. Howell (NASA Ames Research Center), E. Horch (SCSU), M. Everett (NOAO ), D. Ciardi WIYN 8 (IPAC): "Validation of exoplanets and host star binary of discovered Kepler and K2 candidates" J. Hughes (Rutgers U.), F. Menanteau (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), F. Barrientos, L. KP-4m 4 Infante (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile): "On the trail of the most massive galaxy clusters in the Universe" W. Keel (University of Alabama), M Bershady (U. of Wisconsin, Madison), V. Bennert WIYN 4 (California Polytechnic State University), K. Schawinski (ETH), C. Lintott (Oxford University), C. Urry (Yale University), W. Maksym (University of Alabama): "Giant Ionized Clouds and Vanishing AGN" K. Leighly (U. of Oklahoma), D. Terndrup (U. of Ohio State), S. Gallagher (KP-4m 3 Western University Ontario): "Proving the physics of quasar outflows using Mini-LoBALs" 154

158G. OBSERVING AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS FOR THE AF 2015 KPNO Telescopes: Night Telescope(s) 2015A and 2015B R. Mason (Gemini Observatory), P. Lira (University of Chile), L.S. Ho (University of Beijing), KP-4m 4 R Riffel (UFRGS), A. Squirrel (CNPq), R. Riffel (Federal University of Santa Maria), L. Martins (Southern Cruzeiro University): "Stellar populations in the Palomar Galaxy Sample" C. McGahee (U . Appalachian State), J. King (Clemson U.), C. Deliyannis (Indiana U.): WINTER 7 "Abundances in M67 Red Giants: Constraints on Stellar Mixing and the Origin of Yellow Stragglers" R. McMillan (U. of Arizona) , J. Larsen (U.S. Naval Academy), J. Scotti (O), T. Bressi (O) (U. KP-4m 2 de Arizona), S. Sonnett (CalTech-JPL): "Astrometry and Fainting Photometry, High Priority Solar System Objects" R. McMillan (U. of Arizona), J. Larsen (US Naval Academy), J. Scotti (O), T. Bressi (O); , C. KP-4m 3 Maleszewski (G) (Lunar and Planetary Laboratory): "Astrometry and Photometry of Faint and High Priority Solar System Objects" Thomas (NASA KP-4m 10 Goddard Space Flight Center), D. Polishook, F. DeMeo, R. Binzel (MIT), P. Abell (NASA Johnson Space Center), M. Person (MIT), M. Busch (CalTech-JPL), M. Willman (U.S. of Hawaii), E.S. Christensen (Lunar and Planetary Laboratory), T. Endicott (U) (University of Massachusetts, Boston), M. Hinkle (U. of Northern Arizona), A. Thirouin (Lowell Observatory): "Near Accessible Mission -Earth Objects Survey (HANDS)" B. Mueller, N. Samarasinha (PSI), J. Eluo (Vatican Observatory): Orosz, W. Welsh (San Diego State U.): "An optical search for black holes and neutron stars KP-1. 4m 3 in the Kepler field" V. Placco (Gemini Observatory), T. Beers (U. of Notre Dame), S. Points, C. Kaleida (CTIO), KP-4m 7 Y. Lee (Northern National University ) , D. Carollo (Macquarie U.), V. Smith (NOAO): "Identification of bright CEMP stars in the RAVE catalogue". " S. Redfield, P. Cauley (Wesleyan U.), A. Jensen (University of Nebraska , Kearney), M. Endl, WIN 2 W. Cochran (U. of Texas, Austin), T. Barman (U. of Arizona): "Rayleigh Scattering in Exoplanet Atmospheres" A. Rest (STScI), F. Bianco ( NYU), R. Chornock (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for KP-4m 6.5 Astrophysics), A. Clocchiatti (Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, R. Foley (U.S. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), D. James (CTIO), T. Matheson, G. Narayan, K. Olsen (NOAO), S. Points (CTIO), and J. Prieto (University of Diego). Portals), R. Smith (CTIO ). ), N. Smith (U. of Arizona), N. Suntzeff (Texas A&M U.), D. Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Echoes of light from galactic explosions and eruptions" A Rest (STScI), F. Bianco (NYU), R. Chornock (Ohio U.), A. Clocchiatti (Pontifical KP-4m 4.5 Catholic University of Chile), R. Foley (U . of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), D. James (CTIO), T. Matheson, G. Narayan, K. Olsen (NOAO), S. Points (CTIO), J. Prieto (University Diego Portales), R. Smith ( CTIO), N. Smith (U . of Arizona), N. Suntzeff (Texas A&M U.), D. Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Light Echoes of Galactic Explosions and Eruptions" 155

159NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 KPNO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US programs (49) and US theses (22) Telescope(s) Nights J. Rhoads, S. Malhotra (Arizona State U.), R. Probst, R. Swaters (NOAO), P. Hibon (Gemini KP-4m 25 South Observatory), B. Mobasher (UC Riverside), V. Tilvi (Texas A&M U.), S. Veilleux (U. of Maryland), J.S. Wang ( China University of Science and Technology), S. Finkelstein (U. of Texas, Austin), Z. Zheng, A. Gonzalez (G) (Arizona State U.), J. Zabl (G) (Univ de Copenhagen, J. Trahan (U), K. Emig (G), T. Jiang (G), H. Yang (G), J. Pharo (G), B. Joshi (G), M. Smith ( U) (Arizona State U.): "The Cosmic Deep And Wide Narrowband (Cosmic DAWN) Survey" W. Romanishin (U. of Oklahoma): "Shapes of Hilda ``Asteroids" (continued)" KP-0.9m 4 A . shpoer (caltech -jpl), S. Faigner (G), L. Tal-or (G), T. Mazeh (Universidad de tel Aviv), A. Wiyn 9.5 PRSA (Villanova U.), T. Boyajian (Yalele U.), K Stassun (Vanderbilt U.): "Studying the short-period and low-mass binary companions of stars along the main sequence" V. Smith (NOAO), K. Cunha (U. of Arizona), J. Teske (Carnegie Institution of Washington), WIYN 10 S. Howell (NASA Ames Research Center): "Precision Stellar Characterization for Exoplanet Host Stars from the Kepler Extended Mission (K2)" S. Sonnett, A.; . Mainzer (CalTech -JPL), T. Grav (PSI), J. Bauer, J. Masiero (CalTech-JPL): KP-0.9m 4 "Confirmation of candidates to binary asteroids to constrain the dynamical evolution of the solar system" S. . Sonnett, A. Mainzer (CalTech-JPL), T. Grav (PSI), J. Bauer, J. Masiero, E. Kramer KP-0.9m 17 (CalTech-JPL): "Confirmation of Binary Asteroid Candidates for Constraint." the dynamical evolution of the solar system " K. Stevenson, J. Bean, G. Gilbert (G) (U. of Chicago), J. Desert, C. Huitson (U. of Colorado), KP-4m 4 J. Fortney, M. Line (UC Santa Cruz): "From exoplanets to exoworlds: atmospheric characterization with KOSMOS" C. Thomas, L. Lim (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), J. Emery (U. of Tennessee), K. KP-4m 2 Noll (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Flight Center), A. Rivkin (Johns Hopkins U.), M. Brown (California Institute of Technology--Div of Geo and Planetary Science): "Visible Spectroscopy of Jupiter's Trojan Asteroids"; B. Twarog (U.S. of Kansas), C. Deliyannis (U. of Indiana), B. Anthony-Twarog (U. of Kansas): WIYN 4 "Constraining the Origin and Stellar Evolution of Li Using Giants in M92 and NGC 2506" T. Vaccaro ( St. Cloud State U.), G. Peters (USC), R. Wilson (U. of Florida): "Orbital and KP-4m 4 systemic parameters for Algol binaries in the Kepler and K2 fields" S. Van Velzen ( Johns Hopkins U .), T. Weevers (G), P. Jonker (Radboud University), A. Rest KP-4m 4 (STScI), S. Hodgkin (Cambridge University), D. Jones (G) (Johns Hopkins U.) , M. Fraser (University of Cambridge): "Spectroscopic tracking of tidal disruption stellar eruptions discovered by Gaia" J. Wang, D. Fischer (Yale U.), B. Ma (G) (U. of Florida), T. Boyajian, J. Brewer (G) (Yale WIYN 3.5 U.): "Confirmation of the planet-metallicity correlation for small planets" K. Williams (U. of Texas, Austin): "Too small for fail: use of white dwarfs to enhance KP-4m 2 restrict supernova mass limit" 156

160G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS KPNO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B US Approved Programs (49) and US Theses (22) Telescope(s) Nights US Thesis Programs (22) W. Barkhouse, S. Kalawila (T ), C Rude (G), M. Sultanova (G), H. Archer (U) (U. of North KP-4m 2.5 Dakota): "H-alpha mapping of star formation in dwarf cluster galaxies" W. Barkhouse, S. Kalawila (T), C. Rude (G), M. Sultanova (G), H. Archer (U), G. Foote (U) KP-4m 3 (U. of North Dakota): "Testing Star formation in a cluster Dwarf galaxies through H-alpha images" C. Black (T), R. Fesen (Dartmouth College), P. Hoeflich (Florida State U.), J. Parrent, D. KP-4m 1 Milisavljevic (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "An investigation of the secondary spectral emission characteristics in the nebula phase of SNe Ia" Z. Cai (T), X. Fan (U. of Arizona), A. Dey (NOAO), B. Frye, R. Green (U. of Arizona), Y. KP-4m 3 Yang (Argelander Institut fuer Astronomie), A. Zabludoff (U. of Arizona): "Mapping the most massive overdensity across HI: KPNO/MOSAIC Observations of Galaxy Overdensities at z= 2.3" Z. Cai (T), X. Ventilator (U. of Arizona), A. Dey (NOAO), B. Frye, A. Zabludoff, R. Green (U. of KP-4m 3 Arizona), Y. Huang (G) (Steward Observatory): "Mapping the Most Massive Overdensity Across HI: KPNO /MOSAIC Observations of Galaxy Overdensities at z=2.3" P. Canton (T), A. Gianninas, M. Kilic (U. of Oklahoma), W. Brown, S. Kenyon (Harvard- KP-4m 4 Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ): "The ELM Survey: Finding the Shortest Period Binary White Dwarfs" P. Canton (T), A. Gianninas, M. Kilic (U. of Oklahoma), W. Brown (Harvard-Smithsonian KP-4m 5 Center for Astrophysics ), S. Kenyon (SAO): "The ELM Survey: Finding the Shortest Period Binary White Dwarfs" C. Coker (T), B. Gaudi, R. Pogge (Ohio State U.): "Confirmation and Characterization of the companions stars WIYN 2 of the host stars of the transiting planets KELT" K. Colon (Lehigh U.), J. Rodriguez (T) (Vanderbilt U.), G. Zhou (G) (Australian National KP-4m 6 U . ), D. Bayliss (Observatoire Astronomique de l Universite de Geneve), E. Martioli (CNPq), D. James (CTIO), K. Stassun (Vanderbilt U.), J. Pepper (Lehigh U.): "Comparative Exoplanetology : connecting the structure and climate of Jupiter's hot atmospheres with irradiation" D. Drozdov (T), M. Leising (Clemson U.), P. Milne (U. of Arizona), D. Yoder (G) (Clemson KP-4m 3 U.): "SNe Ia Light Echo Evolution" 157

161NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT KPNO Telescopes: 2015A & 2015B Approved US Programs (49) & US Theses (22) Telescope(s) Noches S. Finkelstein, K. Gebhardt, S. Jogee (U. of Texas, Austin ), V. Acquaviva (New York City College of Technology KP-4m 23), C. Papovich (Texas A&M U.), R. Ciardullo, C. Gronwall (Pennsylvania State U.), R. Bender (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik ), G. Blanc (Carnegie Observatories), R. De Jong (Potsdam Astrophysical Institute), D. Depoy (Texas A&M U.), N. Drory (UNAM), M. Fabricius (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), K Finkelstein (U. of Texas, Austin), E. Gawiser (Rutgers U.), J. Geach (McGill University), J. Greene (Princeton U.), A. Hagen (G) (Pennsylvania State U.), G. Hill (U. of Texas, Austin), U. Hopp (Munich University Observatory), K. Kaplan (T) (U. of Texas, Austin), M. Landriau (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), J. Marshall (Texas A&M U.), E. McLinden, E. Mentuch, R. Overzier (U. of Texas, Austin), M. Steinmetz (Potsdam Astrophysical Institute), N. Suntzeff, K. Tran (Texas A&M U.), S. Tuttle (U. of Texas, Austin), M. Viero (Institute of Technology of California-Department of Astronomy), T. Weizirl (T) (U. of Texas, Austin), L. Wisotzki (Potsdam Astrophysical Institute), H. Ziaeepour (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), G. Zeimann (Pennsylvania State U.), M. Stevans (T) (U. of Texas, Austin), H. Gebhardt (G) (Pennsylvania State U.), Y. Chiang (G ) (U. of Texas, Austin), V. Tilvi (Texas A&M U.): "NEWFIRM's HETDEX Survey: Probing Galaxy Growth Over Cosmic Time" K. Hardegree-Ullman (T), M. Cushing (U. of Toledo), P. Muirhead (Boston U. .): "Planet WIYN 5 Occurrence around Mid-M Dwarfs in the Field" L. Hirsch (T), G. Marcy (UC Berkeley), D. Ciardi, E. Furlan ( IPAC): "Planets in WIYN 3 binary systems " S. Johnson (T), H. Chen (U. of Chicago), J. Mulchaey (Carnegie Observatories): "KP-4m 1 Deep Optical Photometry of Galaxies in the Field of 3C263" K. Lee (Purdue U.) , A. Dey (NOAO), A. Gonzalez (U. of Florida), K. Shi (T) (Purdue U.), B. KP-4m 6 Jannuzi (U. of Arizona), H. Inami (NOAO), N. Reddy (UC Riverside), S. Frampton (U. ) (Purdue U.): "Witnessing the earliest stage of cluster formation at Z=3.78" C. Pilachowski (Indiana U .), K. Hinkle (NOAO), Z. Maas (T) (Indiana U.): "Last Gasp: KP-4m 6 HCl in Stellar Atmospheres with Phoenix" A. Rajan (T), J. Patience (Arizona State U.), P. Wilson (G) (University of Exeter), C. Morley KP- 4m 6 (G), J. Fortney (UC Santa Cruz), M. Marley (NASA Ames Research Center), F. Pont (University of Exeter): "Monitoring the atmosphere of brown dwarfs: studying the coldest brown dwarfs " E. Richards (T), L. Van Zee (Indiana U.): "Ionized gas kinematics in the central regions of galaxies WIYN 1 EDGES" N. Tropa (T), S. Majewski (U. of Virginia) , D. Nidever (U. of Michigan), K. Stassun WIYN 1 (Vanderbilt U.), J. Wisniewski (U. of Oklahoma), C. Allende Prieto (Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias), J. Carlberg (Center for NASA Goddard Space Flight), D. Nguyen (University of Toronto), S. Chojnowski (O) (New Mexico State U.): "Verification and Characterization of Hot Jupiter Candidates Discovered by SDSS-III APOGEE-1" M. Wood-Vasey (U. of Pittsburgh), P. Garnavich (U. of Notre Dame), T. Matheson (NOAO), WIYN 16 S. Jha (Rutgers U.), A. Rest (STScI), L. Allen (NOAO), A. Weyant (T) (U. of Pittsburgh), H. Marion (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), N. Jahan (G) (U. of Pittsburgh), B. Patel (G) (Rutgers U .): "Supernovae of type Ia in the near infrared: a three-year study towards a one percent distance measurement with WIYN+WHIRC" 158

162G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS KPNO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved US Programs (49) and US Theses (22) Telescope(s) Noches M. Wood-Vasey, K. Ponder (T) (U. of Pittsburgh) , T. Matheson, R. Joyce (NOAO), S. Jha WIYN 7 (Rutgers U.), P. Garnavich (U. of Notre Dame), L. Allen (NOAO): "Concluding Observations from the Host Galaxy for ``SweetSpot '': Calibration of the Light and Environment of the Supernova Host Galaxy" R. Zellem (T), C. Griffith (U. of Arizona), K. Pearson (G) (Northern U. . of Arizona), I. KP-4m 3 Waldmann (University College London): "High-Precision Measurements of the Radius of an Exoplanet" KPNO Telescopes: Approved Foreign Programs 2015A and 2015B (10) and Foreign Telescope Evening Theses (3) S. Blyth (University of Cape Town), D. Gilbank (SAAO): "How important is the WIYN 3 cosmic network in driving Galaxy Evolution?" H. Bouy (CAB), E. Bertin (IAP), L. Allen (NOAO), Y. Beletsky (LCO): "Supplementing KP-4m 3 Gaia from the ground: the DANCE survey" J. Coronado (G), J Chaname (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile): "Assembling the KP-4m 3 Largest and Distant Sample of Genuine Halo Wide Binaries for Galactic Structure and Dynamics" F. Dufour, R. Rutledge (O) (McGill University): " An ongoing survey of KP-0.9m 7 ROSAT-BSC sources not classified for qLMXB candidates" J. Farihi (University College London), H. Harris (US Naval Observatory), J. Subasavage (KP-4m Naval Observatory 2 USA, Flagstaff), C. Bergfors (University College London), P. Green (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), B. Gansicke (University of Warwick): "An ongoing study of carbon stars dwarfs: binary fraction, orbital period constraints" L. Jiang (Peking University), X. Fan, I. McGreer (U. of Arizona): "Y-band images of selected Quasar KP-4m 3 candidates at z>6.5 in SDSS Stripe 82" A. Kawka, S. Vennes (Astronomicky ustav): "Contaminated, peculiar and misleading: the true KP-4m 3 nature of local white dwarfs" M. Kronberger (EBG MedAustron), G. Jacoby (GMT ), A. Acker (Observatoire astronomique KP-4m 2 de Strasbourg), D. Harmer (O) (NOAO): "Narrowband imaging and spectroscopy of new planetary nebula candidates at high galactic latitudes" WIYN 3 T. Lebzelter ( Universitat Wien (University of Vienna)), K. Hinkle (NOAO ), W. Nowotny KP-4m 2.5 (Universitat Wien (University of Vienna)), P. Wood (Australian National U.), O. Straniero (INAF): "Dredge-up and the Period-Luminosity-Mass-Abundance ratio of AGB stars" J. Weingrill, S. Barnes, K. Strassmeier, T. Granzer (Leibniz-Institut fuer Astrophysik): WIYN 3 "Radial Velocity Membership for the open cluster M 48" Key: (T) = Thesis student; (G) = Graduate; (U) = Bachelor's degree; (O) = Other; TOO = Opportunity Target Programming 159

163NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 KPNO Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved foreign programs (10) and Foreign telescope(s) Nights Thesis (3) Foreign thesis programs (3) H. Jonsson (T), N .Ryde (Lund Observatory) , K. Hinkle (NOAO), F. Matteucci, V. Grieco KP-4m 4 (Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste), K. Cunha (National Observatory Brazil), P. De Laverny, A. Recio -Blanco, M. Schultheis ( Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur), V. Smith (NOAO): "The origin of fluoride in the solar vicinity: the possible contribution of Wolf-Rayet stars" S. Yi, S. Oh (T) (Yonsei University), Y. Sheen (Concepcion University): "A WIYN 2 spectroscopic tracking of deep optical images for 3 Abell clusters at 0.04 < z < 0.08" S. Yi, S.; Oh (T) (Yonsei University), Y. Sheen (University of Conception): "A Spectroscopic Tracking WIYN 3 of Deep Optical Imaging for 3 Abell Clusters at z ~ 0.08" G.4 GEMINIS OBSERVATORY Gemini North and Gemini South. The American community has access to approximately 60 % of the time devoted to science on each of the 8 m Gemini telescopes. Gemini Telescopes: Approved 2015A and 2015B programs for EE time. UU. (93) and the nocturnal theses of the EE telescopes. UU. (45) M. Alexander, M. McSwain (Lehigh U.): "Optical spectroscopy of two gamma-ray binaries" GEM- SQ 1.57 S. Ammons (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), C. Marois (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics). GEM-SQ 0.15), B. Macintosh (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), Q. Konopacky (University of Toronto), B. Neichel (Gemini Observatory South), R. Galicher (Paris Observatory), and E. Bendek (NASA). Ames Research Center), O. Guyon (U. of Arizona): "A GEMS Probe for Superearths Orbiting Luhman 16AB" A. Barth (UC Irvine) Principal Scientist of US. UU. for J. Stern, J. Hennawi, J. Pott (Max Planck Institute GEM-NQ 1.5 fuer Astronomie): "Spatial resolution of the kinematics of the broadline region of ~100 uas Quasar by means of spectroastrometry" T. Beck (STScI); , M. White (Australian National U.), M. Takami (ASIAA): "Characterization of GEM-NQ 1.5 "Typical" Jets from Young Stars" Key: GEM-NQ = Gemini N Queue; GEM-SQ = Gemini Queue S; GEM-N Gemini N classic; GEM-S = classic Gemini S; GEM-K = Gemini/Keck Time Exchange; GEM-Su = Gemini/Subaru time swap; * = bad weather program; (T) = Thesis; (G) = Graduate student; (U) = Bachelor's Degree; (O) = Another

164G. FISCAL YEAR 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Gemini Telescopes: Approved Programs 2015A and 2015B for US Time (93) and US Telescopes Night Theses (45) E. Bell, D. Nidever, A. Monachesi (U. of Michigan) ), J. Bailin (University of Alabama), C. GEM-N 2 Slater (U. of Michigan), P. Price (U. of Princeton): "The Stellar halos and the dwarf satellites of M82+/-1" M. Bentz (U. of Georgia State), C. Onken (Australian National U.), M. Valluri (U. of Michigan), GEM-NQ 1.38 M Batiste (U. of Georgia): "A Stellar Dynamical Black Hole Mass for the Nearby Seyfert Galaxy NGC5273" D. Berg, D. Erb (U. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee), C. Tremonti (U. of Wisconsin, Madison), R. GEM-NQ 0.52 Spiewak (O) (U. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee): "Ultra-extreme star-forming galaxies: a window into high redshift low-metallicity star formation" W. Blair (Johns Hopkins U.), P. Winkler (Middlebury College), K. Long (STScI): GEM-SQ 1.36 "Characterization of the young supernova remnant population in M83" L. Bleem (Argonne Lab), M. Bayliss (Harvard Smithsonian ), B. Benson (U. of Chicago), M. GEM-SQ 1 Brodwin (U. Missouri, KC), T. Crawford (U. of Chicago), A. Stanford (U. of California, Davis), A. Stark (Harvard Smithsonian) J. Bochanski (Rider College), B. Willman (Haverford College), W. Brown, N. Caldwell GEM-SQ 5 (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), A. West (Boston U.), A. Brooks, M. Teyssier (Rutgers U.), K. Johnston (Columbia U.), A. Deason (UC Santa Cruz), R. Sanderson (Columbia U.): "The most distant stars in the Milky Way" B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology--Div of Geo and Planetary Science), M. Liu (U. GEM-SQ 0.35 of Hawaii), B. Biller (University of Edinburgh), Z. Wahhaj (ESO): "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Young Substellar Benchmark PZ Tel B" B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology--Division of Geosciences and Planetary Sciences): GEM-NQ 1.8 "Recognition of young M-dwarfs: Confirmation of the elusive majority of nearby moving groups" B. Bowler ( California Institute of Planetary Sciences) Technology--Div of Geo and Planetary Science), A. Kraus GEM-NQ 0.7 (U. of Texas, Austin), M. Liu (U. of Hawaii), S. Hinkley (University of Exeter), L. Hillenbrand (California Institute of Technology-Department of Astronomy), G. Herczeg (Peking University): " Spectroscopy Confirmation of the Planetary Companion ROXs12 b" B. Burningham (NASA Ames Research Center), L. Smith (G), P. Lucas (University of GEM-NQ 0.21 Hertfordshire), D. Minniti (Andres Bello University), H. Jones , D. Pinfield (University of Hertfordshire): "Characterization of a very fast moving T dwarf in the galactic plane" J. Carlberg (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), K. Cunha (Observatorio Nacional Brasil), GEM-N 1 V. Smith (NOAO), J. Do Nascimento, Jr (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Beryllium Abundances in Lithium-Rich Red Giants Selected as a Signature of Planet Sinking" S. Cenko (Goddard Space Flight Center from NASA), S. Kulkarni (California Institute of GEM-NQ 0.3 Technology-Dept. of Astronomy), I. Arcavi (UC Santa Barbara), L. Yan (IPAC), J. Bloom (UC Berkeley), G. Duggan (G) (California Institute of Technology Department of Astronomy), A. GEM-SQ 0.3 Levan (University of Warwick), N. Tanvir (University of Leicester): "The Demographics of Tidal Disruption Flares" 161

165NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved Programs for US Time (93) and US Telescope(s) Nights Thesis (45) C. Chen (STScI), Z. Draper (G) (University of Victoria) , G. Duchene (UC Berkeley), P. GEM-SQ 0.8 Hibon (Gemini Observatory South), P. Kalas (UC Berkeley), B. Macintosh (Stanford U.): "Does the debris disk HR 4796 contain icy grains?" A. Chene (Gemini Observatory), N. St-Louis (University of Montreal), O. Schnurr (Leibniz- GEM-SQ 0.86 Institut fuer Astrophysik), A. Smith (Gemini Observatory): "WR 63: a new rare multiple massive star system" J. Cook (Southwest Research Institute), F. DeMeo (Harvard U.): "Spectral variability of GEM-NQ 1.9 Charon" C. Conroy (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) US Principal Scientist for J. Roediger GEM-SQ 1.5 (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), S. Courteau (Queen's University), R. Schiavon (Liverpool John Moores University): "Towards a panchromatic understanding of systems Ancient Stellars" D. Crnojevic, D. Sand (Texas Technical University), M. Rejkuba (ESO), G. Da Costa GEM-SQ 1.87 (Australian National U.), S. Pasetto (Mullard Space Science Laboratory), E. Grebel (Astronomoisches Rechen Institute), N. Caldwell (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), P. Guhathakurta (UC Santa Cruz), A. Seth (University of Utah), J. Simon (Carnegie Observatories), J. Strader (Michigan State U.), E. Toloba (UC Santa Cruz) : "Environment and evolution at low-mass galactic scales: clues from the Cen group A" I. Crossfield (Lunar and Planetary Lab), I. Snellen, M. Kenworthy, T. Meshkat (G) (Leiden GEM-SQ 1.7 University), B. Biller (Edinburgh University), D. Apai (U. of Arizona): "Exometeorology: Search for weather in Beta Pictoris b" B. Curd (O), K. Mukremin, A. Gianninas (U. of Oklahoma): "A search for massive white GEM-NQ 1.2 dwarf pulsators" W Dawson (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), D. Wittman, M. Bradac, N. GEM-N 1 Golovitch (G) (UC Davis), M. Bruggen, F. de Gasperin (University of Hamburg), M. Jee (UC Davis), J. Merten (Oxford University), R. van Weeren (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), D. Sobral (Lisbon University): "Two ideal dark matter colliders" W. Dawson (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ) , D. Wittman, M. Bradac, N. GEM-NQ 0.9 Golovitch (G) (UC Davis), M. Bruggen, F. de Gasperin (University of Hamburg), M. Jee (UC Davis), J. Merten (Oxford University), R. van Weeren (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), D. Sobral (Lisbon University): "Two Ideal Dark Matter Colliders" M. Drahus (CalTech-JPL), W. Waniak (Jagiellonian University ): "Rotation of the main belt GEM-SQ 0.8 comets (south)" G. Duchene (UC Berkeley), S. Thomas (NASA Ames Research Center), J. Patience (Arizona GEM-SQ 1.85 State U.), R. de Rosa (UC Berkeley), L. Pueyo (STScI), E. Nielsen (SETI Institute/NASA Ames Research Center), Q. Konopacky (UC San Diego): "Assessing the Fundamental Limits to Star Formation multiple" S. Eikenberry (U. of Florida) US Lead Scientist for P. Jonker (SRON), M. Torres (SRON), GEM-SQ 0.9 D. Steeghs (University of Warwick), D. Chakrabarty (MIT): "The unique opportunity to determining the mass of an accreting neutron star: the eclipsing accretion powered X-ray pulsar SWIFTJ1749.4-2807" 162

166G. FISCAL YEAR 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Gemini Telescopes: Approved Programs 2015A and 2015B for US Time (93) and US Telescopes Night Theses (45) R. Fesen ( Dartmouth College), P. Lundqvist (Stockholm University), Y. Shibanov, D. Zyuzin GEM-NQ 0.15 (Ioffe Institute): "Near-infrared identification of the young pulsar J0205+6449" D. Figer (Rochester Institute of Technology ), N. Bastian, B. Davies (Liverpool John Moores GEM-SQ 0.34 University), M. Andersen (Institut de Planetologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble): "Constraining the properties of GLIMPSE-C01 - potentially the most massive young cluster of the Galaxy" R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), M. Childress (Australian National University), R. GEM-NQ 1.8 Covarrubias (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), L. da Costa ( Observatorio Nacional Brasil), GEM-SQ C. D'Andrea (University of Portsmouth), T. Davis (University of Queensland), J. Frieman 2.16 (FNAL), R. Kessler (U. Chicago), A. Kim (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), C. Lidman (Australian Astronomical Observatory), M. Sako (U. of Pennsylvania), D. Scolnic (U. of Chicago), R. Smith (CTIO), M. Smith, M. Sullivan (University of Southampton), R. Thomas (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), W. Wester (FNAL), F. Yuan (Australian National U.): "DES Supernova Cosmology" H. Fu (U of Iowa), J. Hennawi (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy), D. McGinnis (G) (U. GEM-NQ 1.26 of Iowa), A. Cooray (UC Irvine), J. Prochaska (UC Santa Cruz), D. Keres (UC San Diego): "How Massive Galaxies Get Cold Gas: The Circumgalactic Medium of Dusty Starburst Galaxies at z ~ 2" P. Garnavich (U. of Notre Dame) US Principal Scientist for B. Tucker (Australian National U.), S. GEM-NQ 0.22 Margheim (Gemini Observatory South), R. Mushotzky, R. Olling (U. of Maryland), A. Rest GEM-SQ (STScI), E. Shaya (U. of Maryland), D. Kasen (UC Berkeley): "Capture of supernovae at Law 1.12 with KEGS (Kepler Extra-Galactic Survey)" P. Garnavich (U. of Notre Dame) US Principal Scientist for B. Tucker (Australian National U.), S. GEM-NQ 0.13 Margheim (Gemini Observatory South), R. Mushotzky, R. Olling (U. of Maryland), A Rest GEM-SQ 0.3 (STScI), E. Shaya (U. of Maryland), D. Kasen (UC Berkeley): "Capturing supernovae on the spot with KEGS (Kepler Extra-Galactic Survey)" D Gies (Georgia State U .) US Principal Scientist for S. Caballero-Nieves (University of GEM-NQ 0.28 Sheffield), P. Crowther (University of Sheffield), D. Kiminki (U. of Arizona), R. Matson (U. of Georgia State), N. Wright (University of Hertfordshire): "Young Companions of Massive Stars in Cygnus OB2" M. Gladders (U. of Chicago), K. Sharon (U. of Michigan), H. Dahle (University of of Oslo), M. GEM-NQ 0.32 Bayliss (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), J. Rigby (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), T. Johnson (U. of Michigan): "Time delays for the quasar SDSS J2222+2745 from GMOS" E. Glikman (Middlebury College), S. Djorgovski (California Institute of Technology-Dept. of GEM-NQ 1.11 Astronomy), C. Urry (Yale U.), M. Graham (California Institute of Technology-Dept. of Astronomy), S. Lamassa (Yale U.): "Dust-Reddened Quasars as Probes of Feedback and Co-Evolution" M. Graham (UC Berkeley), D. Sand (Texas Technical University), J Parrent (Harvard- GEM-SQ 1.83 Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), D. Howell, S. Valenti (UC Santa Barbara), P. Mazzali (Liverpool John Moores University), I. Arcavi (UC Santa Barbara), S. Kumar (O) (UC Berkeley): "Understanding the energy source in type Ia supernovae with nebular phase spectroscopy" 163

167NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved Programs for US Time -NQ 0.3 Sternwarte), S. Wolk (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Proto-stellar jets in the making" A. Hayes (Cornell U.) US Lead Scientist for P. Rojo (Universidad de Chile), E. Turtle (Johns GEM-SQ 0.4 Hopkins U.), M. Adamkovics (UC Berkeley), J. Lunine , P. Corlies (G) (Cornell U.): "Investigating Seasonal Changes in Titan's Meteorology through GPI Cloud Monitoring" T Henry, J. Winters (G) (Georgia State U.), E. Horch (SCSU): "Looking for companions of GEM-NQ 4 nearby stars on the scales of the solar system" K. Hinkle, R. Joyce (NOAO): "The nascent planetary nebula around the Sakurai object" GEM-NQ 0.3 GEM- SQ 0.1 E. Horch (SCSU), W. van Altena, P. Demarque (Yale U.): "Defining Metal Lean Mass- GEM-NQ 0.49 Lightness Ratio" E. Horch (SCSU), W. van Altena , P. Demarque (Yale University): "Understanding the metal-poor GEM-NQ 0.42 mass-luminosity relationship D. Howell (UC Santa Barbara), D. Moon (University of Toronto), S. Valenti, I. Arcavi, C. GEM-NQ .9 McCully, G. Hosseinzadeh (G) (UC Santa Barbara), D. Sand (Texas Tech University), GEM-SQ .9 H Marion (U. of Texas, Austin), M. Sullivan (University of Southampton), M. Graham (UC Berkeley), C. Baltay (Yale University), C. Wheeler, J. Silverman (University of Texas, Austin), E. Hsiao , M. Phillips (Carnegie Observatories), X. Wang (NTHU), L. Wang (Texas A&M U.), S. Crawford (SAAO), M. Childress (Australian National U.), S. Smartt (Queen's U. . Belfast), A. Conley (U. of Colorado), M. Smith, B. Bassett (SAAO), E. Levesque (U. of Colorado), J. Vinko (University of Szeged), D. Rabinowitz, N. Ellman, R. McKinnon (Yale University), R. Scalzo, B. Schmidt, F. Yuan (Australian National University), R. Maartens (UWC), A. Tekola, E. Kasai (SAAO), H. Niu , G. Feng, A. Esamdin (Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory): "The LCOGT Supernova Key Project" S. Howell (NASA Ames Research Center), E. Horch (SCSU), M. Everett (NOAO), D. Ciardi GEM - NQ 3.62 (IPAC), J. Teske (Carnegie Institution of Washington): "Characterization of the properties of binary exoplanet host stars" H. Hsieh (PSI): "Observations of the activity of main belt comets P/ 2010 R2, 233P , and GEM-SQ 0.6 313P" S. Jha (Rutgers U.), R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), C. McCully (UC Santa GEM-NQ 0.5 Barbara): "Spectroscopy of type Iax supernovae" I. Jorgensen (Gemini Observatory), M. Bergmann (Gemini South Observatory), K. Chiboucas GEM- SQ 3.05 (Gemini Observatory), S. Toft, A. Zirm (Center for Dark Cosmology), R. Gruetzbauch (Lisbon University), R. Schiavon (Liverpool John Moores University): "RDCSJ1252-2927 - stellar populations in a z= massive 1.24 galaxy cluster" B. Keeney, J. Stocke, C. Danforth (U. of Colorado), B. Wakker, B. Savage (U. of Wisconsin, GEM-NQ 2.2 Madison), S. Morris ( Durham University) : "Confirmation of the discovery of massive reservoirs of 10^6 K gas in rich spiral galaxy groups" 164

168G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Gemini Telescopes: Approved Programs 2015A and 2015B for US time Warwick), W. Brown (Harvard-GEM-SQ 0.4 Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), A. Gianninas (U. of Oklahoma): "The First Pulsar + Pulsating White Dwarf System" M. Knight (Lowell Observatory), C. Snodgrass (U. Abierta), B. Conn (Gemini Observatory GEM-SQ 0.7 South), T. Lister (Las Observatory Cumbres): "Multiscale Investigation of the Coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Combined Gemini and Rosetta Study of Activity" M. Knight (Lowell Observatory), C. Snodgrass (Open U.), M. Kelley, S. Protopapa ( U. de GEM-NQ 1.34 Maryland), B. Conn (Gemini South Observatory), T. Lister (Las Cumbres Observatory): "Multiscale Investigation of the Coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Combined Study of Gemini and Rosetta Activity " A. Kraus (U. of Texas, Austin) American Scientist for M. Ireland (Australian National U .), , D. GEM-SQ 0.8 Lafreniere (University of Montreal), L. Cieza (Diego Portales University), A. Sivaramakrishnan, M. Perrin (STScI), A. Greenbaum (Johns Hopkins U.), P. Tuthill (u. of Sydney), J. Lloyd (U. of Cornell), S. Lacour (Paris Observatory), J. Patience (U. of Arizona State), A. Cheetham (U. of Sydney), A. Rizzuto (U. de Texas , Austin), J. Carpenter (California Institute of Technology-Dept. of Astronomy), L. Pueyo (STScI), D. Principe (Diego Portales University): "The Planetary Systems of Young Massive Stars" M. Lacy (NRAO), S. Ridgway (NOAO), A. Sajina (Tufts U.), M. Jarvis (University of GEM-SQ 1.62 Oxford), E. Gates (University of California Observatories), D. Farrah (Institute Virginia Polytechnic), P Jagannanthan (G) (University of Cape Town), A. Petric (Gemini Observatory), J. Afonso (Lisbon University): "The highest resolution view of distant massive galaxies" S. Lamassa (Yale U.), E. Glikman (Middlebury College), B. Trakhtenbrot (Zurich Institute for GEM-NQ 1.2 Astronomy), C. Urry (Yale U.), M. Brusa (INAF), F. Civano (Yale U. .): "Revealing Supermassive Black Obscured Hole Growth with Infrared Spectroscopy" S. Leggett (Gemini Observatory), D. Pinfield (University of Hertfordshire), M. Gromadzki GEM-NQ 2.1 (Valparaíso University), M. Ruiz ( Universidad de Chile), C. Morley (UC Santa Cruz), M. Marley (NASA Ames Research Center), D. Saumon (LANL), R. Kurtev (University of Valparaíso), N. Lodieu (Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands) , A. Day-Jones (University of Leicester), R. Smart (Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino), J. Frith (Jacobs Technology), F. Marocco (University of Hertfordshire), V. Ivanov (ESO): "Characterization of new Late T and Y dwarfs in the weak limits of SABIO" K. Leighly (U. of Oklahoma) US Scientist for S. Gallagher (University of Western Ontario), GEM-NQ 0.74 D. Terndrup (U. of Ohio State), X. Dai (U. of Oklahoma): "Looking for signatures of feedback in quasar outflows" J. Li (PSI), M. Kelley (U. of Maryland), S. Wiktorowicz (UC Santa Cruz), B. Yang (ESO), L. GEM-SQ 0.95 Kolokolova (U. of Maryland): "The First Polarimetric Mapping of Ceres" G. Liu, N. Arav, C. Chamberlain (G) (Virginia Polytechnic Institute): "IFU mapping of the most energetic BAL quasar outflows GEM -NQ 1.08: absorption C IV" J. Lomax, J. 165

169NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved Programs for US Time (93) and US Telescope(s) Nights Thesis (45) J. Lu (U. of Hawaii), W. Clarkson (U. of Michigan) Dearborn): "Young massive clusters in the Milky Way GEM-SQ 2.25" K. Luhman (Pennsylvania State U.): "Test of model atmospheres with the coldest known brown dwarf GEM-SQ 0.68" P. Martini, S. Tie (G ) (Ohio State U.), R. McMahon (University of Cambridge): "Search for GEM-SQ 1 z>6 QSOs with the Dark Energy Survey" R. Mason, A. Chene (Gemini Observatory) , P. Hibon (Gemini South Observatory), I. GEM-NQ 1.7 Jorgensen, K. Labrie (Gemini Observatory), J. Madrid (Gemini South Observatory), A. Petric (Gemini Observatory), M. Schirmer (Gemini South Observatory ), J. Shih (Gemini Observatory): "AGN with Near Velocity Compensation: Signs of Double Supermassive Black Holes?" H. Melin (Space Environment Technologies), T. Stallard (U. of Leicester), J. O'Donoghue GEM-NQ 3 (Boston U.), S. Badman (Lancaster U.), S. Miller (U. College London) D. Milisavljevic (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), R. Margutti, A. Kamble GEM-NQ 0.33 (Harvard U.), D. Patnaude (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), M. Bietenholz (University of York) , J. Parrent, A. Soderberg, R. Kirshner (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), R. Fesen (Dartmouth College), P. Challis, J. Raymond (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), W. Fong (U of Arizona): "The Unprecedented Supernova Metamorphosis of SN 2014C" J. Monnier, A. Aarnio, F. Adams (U. of Michigan), S. Andrews (Harvard-Smithsonian GEM-SQ 1.05 Center for Astrophysics) , D. Brenner (American Museum of Natural History), N. Calvet (U. of Michigan), C. Espaillat (U. of Boston), T. Harries (University of Exeter), L. Hartmann (U. of Michigan) , S. Hinkley (California Institute of Technology-Department of Astronomy), S. Kraus (University of Exeter), M. McClure (U. of Michigan), D. Wilner (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Imaging Planet Formation in situ with Gemini Planet Imager" N. Moskovitz (Lowell Observatory), D. Trilling (Northern Arizona U.), C. Thomas (NASA GEM-NQ 9 Goddard Space Flight Center), D. Polishook, F. DeMeo, R. Binzel (MIT), P. Abell (NASA Johnson Space Center), M. Person (MIT), M. Busch (CalTech-JPL) , M. Willman (U. of GEM-SQ 2.6 Hawaii), E. Christensen (Lunar and Planetary Lab), T. Endicott (U) (University of Massachusetts, Boston), M. Hinkle (Northern Arizona U.), A Thirouin (Lowell Observatory): "Mission Accessible Near-Earth Objects Survey (MANOS)" M. Pereira (U. of Arizona) US Scientist for C. Haines (Universidad de Chile), E. Egami, A. GEM-NQ 0, 56 Babul (University of Victoria), G. Smith, F. Ziparo (University of Birmingham), A. Finoguenov (University of Helsinki), T. Rawle (European Center for Space Astronomy): GEM-SQ 0.24" LoCuSS: preprocessing within X-ray selected clusters falling into clusters z~0.2" J. Orosz, W. Welsh (San Diego State U.): "An optical search for black holes and neutron stars GEM-NQ 1.75 in the Kepler field" J Rajagopal , S. Ridgway (NOAO), D. Jewitt (UCLA): "Imaging and Astrometry of the Active Asteroid GEM-SQ 0.46 P/2010 A2" J. Rajagopal (NOAO) US Principal Scientist for P. Tuthill (OR. of Sydney), A. Cheetham (G) (U. GEM-S 0.5 of Sydney), K. Hinkle (NOAO), B. Norris (U. of Sydney), A. Greenbaum (G) (Johns Hopkins U.) , A. Sivaramakrishnan (STScI): "The circumbinary disk and immediate surroundings of post-AGB stars in high resolution and deep contrast" 166

170G. OBSERVING AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS FOR FY 2015 GEMINI TELESCOPES: Approved Programs 2015A and 2015B for US Time (93) and US Telescopes Night Theses (45) A. Rest (STScI), F. Bianco (NYU), R. Chornock (Ohio U.), A. Clocchiatti (Pontificia GEM-SQ 1.43 Universidad Católica de Chile), D. James (CTIO), S. Margheim (Gemini Observatory South) , T. Matheson (NOAO), J. Prieto (Diego Portales University), R. Smith (CTIO), N. Smith (U. of Arizona), N. Walborn (STScI), D. Welch (McMaster U.), A. Zenteno (CTIO): "Spectrophotometric time series of eta Great Carinae eruption" S. Rodney (Johns Hopkins U.), R. Foley (U. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), T. Matheson GEM-NQ 0.5 (NOAO ), S. Jha (Rutgers U.): "The Next Frontier: High Redshift Supernovae in the HST Border Fields" GEM-SQ 0.25 D. Sand (Texas Tech University), S. Valenti, D Howell, I. Arcavi (UC Santa Barbara), GEM-NQ 1.35 M. Graham (UC Berkeley), J. Parrent (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), H. Marion (U. of Texas, Austin), L. Tomasella (Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova): GEM-SQ 0.85 "Physics Constraint of Type Ia Supernova with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy" B. Sargent (Rochester Institute of Technology), M. Meixner (STScI ), S. Srinivasan (ASIAA), GEM-SQ 0.59 D. ​​Riebel (US Naval Academy), M. Otsuka (ASIAA), N. Patel (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), C. Kemper (ASIAA), J. Kastner (Rochester Institute of Technology): "Confirmation of the identities of the OH/IR stars of the inner galactic bulge with Flamingos-2" K. Schlaufman (MIT), A. Casey (University of Cambridge), T. Beers (U. of Notre Dame), V. GEM-NQ 0.69 Placco (Gemini Observatory): "A whole-sky search for the brightest metal-poor stars" GEM-SQ 1.03 K. Schlaufman (MIT), A. Casey (University of Cambridge), T. Beers, V. Placco (U. of Notre GEM-NQ 2.65 Dame): "An All-Sky Search for the Brightest Metal-Poor Stars" GEM-SQ 4.29 D. Schmitz (G) ( California Institute of Technology- Department of Astronomy), P. Yoachim (U. of GEM-NQ 0.75 Washington), V. Debattista (University of Central Lancashire): "Central Kinematics of Giant Low Surface Brightness Galaxies" K. Sharon (U. of Michigan), M. Gladders (U. of Chicago), H. Dahle (University of Oslo), M. GEM-NQ 0.45 Bayliss (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), J. Rigby (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), T. Johnson ( G) (U. of Michigan): "Spectroscopy of Multiple objects in the field of SDSSJ2222+2745: a sextuple quasar with cluster lenses" K. Sharon (U. of Michigan, Ann Arbor), M. Bayliss (Harvard Smithsonian), M. Gladders (U. Chicago GEM-NQ 3.15) , T. Johnson (U. of Michigan, Ann Arbor), J. Rigby (NASA Goddard), E. Wuyts (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Pysik) A. Skemer (U . of Arizona), C. Morley (UC Santa Cruz ), M. Marley (NASA Ames Research GEM-NQ 2.9 Center), J. Faherty (Carnegie Institution of Washington), K. Allers (Bucknell U.), J. Fortney (UC Santa Cruz): "The first spectrum of the cooler brown dwarf" A. Tokovinin (CTIO), E. Horch (SCSU): "Proof of speckled multiple star formation in GEM-NQ 0.7 Gemini-N" 167

171NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FY 2015 Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Programs approved for US Time (93) and US Telescope(s) Nights Thesis (45) G. Tremblay (Yale U.), M. Gladders (U. of Chicago , S. Baum , C. O'Dea (Rochester Institute GEM-NQ 0.4 of Technology), K. Sharon (U. of Michigan), M. Bayliss (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), and K. Cooke (Rochester). Institute of Technology), H. Dahle (University of Oslo), T. Davis (ESO), M. Florian (G) (U. of Chicago), B. Husemann (ESO), T. Johnson (G) (U.S. of Michigan ), J. Rigby (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), E. Soto (G) (Catholic U. of America), E. Wuyts (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik): "Mapping the remnants of a massive merger." gas-rich in a cluster of strong-lensing galaxies" S. Valenti (UC Santa Barbara), A. Jerkstrand (Queen's U. Belfast), D. Howell (UC Santa GEM-NQ 0.6 Barbara), D. Sand (Texas Technical). University), I Arcavi (UC Santa Barbara), M. Graham (UC Berkeley), C. McCully, G. Hosseinzadeh (G) (UC Santa Barbara): "Nebular observations of type II SNe" A. Verbiscer (U. of Virginia), W. Grundy (Lowell Observatory), D. Rabinowitz (Yale University), S. GEM-SQ 0.75 Benecchi (PSI): "Upper mutual event of (79360) Sila-Nunam" P. Winkler (Middlebury College). ), K. Long (STScI), W. Blair (Johns Hopkins U.): "Remnants of supernova GEM-NQ 0.8 in the most fertile galaxy: NGC 6946" P. Winkler (Middlebury College), K. Long (STScI) , W. Blair (Johns Hopkins U.), J. GEM-SQ 1.91 Raymond (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Fast SNR Shocks and Cosmic Rays: Unique Opportunities in SN1006" B. Yanny (FNAL), B. Santiago (UFRGS), K. Bechtol, A. Drlica-Wagner (U. of Chicago), J. GEM-SQ 0.964 Simon (Carnegie Observatories), E. Luque, A. Pieres, A. Queiroz (UFRGS), M. Maia , L. da Costa (Brazil National Observatory), D. James (CTIO): "Tracking Images of the Milky Way Companions Revealed by the Dark Energy Survey" S. van Velzen (Johns Hopkins U.), A. Rest (STScI ), T. Weevers (Radboud University GEM-NQ 0.5 Nijmegen), P. Jonker (Netherlands Institute for Space Research), S. Hodgkin (University of Cambridge): "Reverberation mapping of tidal stellar eruptions" Thesis programs of EE. UU. (45) R. Alexandroff (T), N. Zakamska (Johns Hopkins U.), M. Strauss, J. Greene (Princeton U.), GEM-NQ 1.05 G. Liu (Virginia Polytechnic Institute), F. Hamann (U. of Florida), C. Villforth (U. of St. Andrews), N. Ross (Drexel U.), I. Paris (Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste): "High-redshift resting-frame optical spectra , dusty, galaxy- broad quasar outflow candidates" R. Alexandroff (T), N. Zakamska (Johns Hopkins U.), J. Greene (Princeton U.), F. Hamann GEM-NQ 0.9 (U. of Florida ), D. Wylezalek (Johns Hopkins U.), M. Strauss (Princeton U.), G. Liu (Virginia Polytechnic Institute): "Feedback from quasars at the peak of the galaxy formation epoch" S. Ammons ( Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), K. Wong (ASIAA ), C. Keeton GEM-N 1 (Rutgers U.), A. Zabludoff, K. French (T) (U. of Arizona), K. Umetsu (ASIAA), O. Guyon (NAOJ): "Studying the most Powerful gravitational lensing telescopes with Suprime-Cam" 168

172G. FISCAL YEAR 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Gemini Telescopes: Approved Programs 2015A and 2015B for US Time (93) and US Telescopes Night Theses (45) T. Barman ( Lunar and Planetary Lab) US Principal Scientist for C. Marois (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics GEM-SQ 0.25), Z. Draper (T) (University of Victoria), Q. Konopacky (University of Toronto), J. Patience (Arizona State University), P. Ingraham, B. Macintosh (Stanford U.), D. Lafreniere (University of Montreal), B. Matthews (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), F. Rantakyro (Gemini South Observatory), B. Gerard (T), M. Johnson-Groh (T) (University of Victoria): "Detailed GPI Spectroscopic and Astrometric Characterization of HR 8799cde". C. Britt, T. Maccarone (Texas Technical University), P. Jonker (Harvard-Smithsonian GEM-SQ 0.9 Center for Astrophysics), M. Torres (SRON), R. Hynes (Louisiana State U.), C. Heinke (University of Alberta), D. Steeghs, S. Greiss (University of Warwick), C. Johnson (T) (Louisiana State U.): "Dynamic mass measurements of eclipsing candidate black hole binaries discovered at rest" S. Brittain, C Adams (T) (U. Clemson), C. Dougados (Universidad de Chile): "HI emit GEM-NQ 0.4 lines from Herbig Ae/Be: A spectro-astrometric study with GEMINI/NIFS" M. Brotherton, A. Myers, M. Mason (T) (U. of Wyoming), J. Runnoe (Pennsylvania State GEM-NQ 0.75 U.), Z. Shang (Tianjin Normal University): "Optical properties of the rest frame of z~3 luminous quasars: Testing Mass and Redshift Improvements" A. Burgasser, D. Bardalez Gagliuffi (T) (UC San Diego), J. Sahlmann (European Space GEM-SQ 0.92 Agency), C. Gelino (IPAC), M Zapatero Osorio (CAB)): "Mass Measurements at the Hydrogen Burning Limit: Astrometric Orbits for Spectral Binaries" A. Burgasser, D. Bardalez Gagliuffi (T) (UC San Diego), J. Sahlmann (European Space Agency GEM-SQ 2.27), C. Gelino (IPAC): "Mass Measurements Through the Hydrogen Burning Boundary: Astrometric Orbits for Spectral Binaries" K. Chanchaiworawit (T), R. Guzman (U. Florida): "Spectroscopic confirmation of LAE GEM-SQ 4.6 candidates at z=6.5: Evidence for the highest redshift protocumulus" Y. Chiang (U. of Texas, Austin), R. Overzier (Observatorio Nacional Brasil), G. Blanc (U. de GEM-NQ 1.55 Chile), K. Gebhardt (U. of Texas, Austin), B. Vajgel (National Observatory Brazil), J. Toshikawa (National Astronomical Observatory Japan), N. Kashikawa (Observatory Astronomical Scientist of Japan), C. Casey (U. Texas, Austin), S. Finkelstein (U. of Texas, Austin) I. Damjanov (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) US Principal Scientist for R. Bassett GEM-SQ 1.2 (T) , K. Glazebrook, D. Fisher (Swinburne U.), R. Abraham (University of Toronto): "Local counterparts of high redshift turbulent galaxies: what are the stellar kinematics? " T. Diamond (T) (Florida State U.), E. Hsiao (Aarhus University), D. Sand (Texas GEM-NQ 0.21 Technical University), G. Folatelli (La Plata Institute of Astrophysics), P. Hoeflich (Florida State University), M. Phillips (Carnegie Observatories), M. Stritzinger (Aarhus University), H. Marion (University of Texas, Austin): "Late Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of SN 2014J" S. Eikenberry (U. of Florida) US Lead Scientist for P. Jonker (SRON), M. Torres (SRON), GEM-SQ 0.9 D. Steeghs (University of Warwick), D. Chakrabarty (MIT): "The unique opportunity to determine the mass of an accreting neutron star: the eclipsing accretion-powered X-ray pulsar SWIFTJ1749.4-2807" 169

173NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved Programs for US Time (93) and US Telescope(s) Nights Thesis (45) T. Esplin (T), K. Luhman (Pennsylvania State U.) : "Looking for the Fund of the IMF" GEM-NQ 1.03 T. Esplin (T), K. Luhman (Pennsylvania State U.), E. Mamajek (U. of Rochester): "Looking for GEM-SQ 0.72 for the Fund of the Function initial mass" J. Faherty (Carnegie Institution of Washington) US Lead Scientist for D. Opitz (T), C. Tinney GEM-SQ 0.43 (U. of New South Wales), C. Gelino (IPAC ): "Astrometry and Binarity of WISE Y dwarfs with MCAO" A. Ghez, L. Meyer (UCLA), J. Lu (U. of Hawaii), T. Do (University of Toronto), S. Yelda GEM-SQ 1.44 (UCLA), B. Ellerbroek (Thirty Meter Telescope), M. Morris, E. Becklin (UCLA), M. van Dam (Flat Wavefronts), M. Schoeck (Thirty Meter Telescope), G. Witzel, B. Sitarski (T), A Boehle (T) (UCLA): "Using MCAO to enable a unique proof of general relativity at the Galactic Center" C. Grady (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Principal Scientist at USA for T. Currie (Subaru GEM-SQ 0.5 Telescope), R. Cloutier (T) (University of Toronto), S. Kenyon (SAO), M. Kuchner (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), A. Burrows (Princeton U.): "Confirmation and characterization of two young planetary companions with GPI" J. Graham, B. Dawson (UC Berkeley), M. Fitzgerald (UCLA), P. Kalas (UC Berkeley), Q. GEM-SQ 0.22 Konopacky (UC San Diego), B. Macintosh (Stanford U.), C Marois (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), J. Patience (Arizona State U.), L. Pueyo (STScI), J. Wang (UC Berkeley ), P. Hibon (Gemini Observatory South), E. Nielsen (Stanford U. ), R. De Rosa (UC Berkeley), M. Millar-Blanchaer (T) (University of Toronto), K. Morzinski (U. of Arizona), A. Sivaramakrishnan (STScI), J. Chilcote (University of Toronto): "Astrometry of beta Pic b with GPI" J. Graham, B. Dawson (UC Berkeley), M. Fitzgerald (UCLA), P. Kalas (UC Berkeley), Q. GEM-SQ 0.07 Konopacky (University of Toronto), B. Macintosh (Stanford U.), C. Marois (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), J. Patience (Arizona State U.), L. Pueyo (STScI), S. Thomas (NASA Ames Research Center), J. Wang (T) (UC Berkeley), P. Hibon (Gemini Observatory South), E. Nielsen (Stanford U.), R. De Rosa (UC Berkeley), K. Morzinski (U. of Arizona), A. Sivaramakrishnan (STScI), J. Chilcote (University of Toronto): "GPI Beta Pic Astrometry" J. Graham, P. Kalas (UC Berkeley) Head of USA Scientist de M. Millar-Blanchaer (T) GEM-SQ 0.3 (University of Toronto), C. Marois (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), P. Hibon (Gemini South Observatory), C. Chen (STScI), D. Moon (University of Toronto), F. Rantakyro (Gemini Observatory South), S. Hinkley (University of Exeter): "Constraining the dust grain population of Beta Pic's inner disk" K. Gullikson (T), A Kraus (U. from Texas, Austin): "Stellar Companions of Stars A and B: GEM-NQ 0.57 Follow-up Observations" T. Henry, J. Winters (T) (Georgia State U.), E. Horch (SCSU): "Looking for GEM-NQ Companions 4 Nearby Stars on Solar System Scales" 170

174G. FISCAL YEAR 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Gemini Telescopes: Approved Programs 2015A and 2015B for US Time (93) and US Telescopes Night Theses (45) Y. Hezaveh ( Stanford U.) US Lead Scientist for K. Rotermund ( T), S. Chapman (Dalhousie University GEM-SQ 1.55), G. Holder (McGill University), J. Vieira (California Institute of Technology - Department of Astronomy), K. Husband (University of Bristol), T. Crawford (U. of Chicago), T. Greve (University College London), D. Marrone (U. of Arizona), M. Aravena (ESO), J Carlstrom (U. of Chicago), J. Spilker (T) (U. of Arizona), B. Stalder, M. Ashby (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Detecting Dark Matter Subhalos with ALMA and GMOS-S/ IFU using Strongly Lensed Submm Galaxies" S. Ho (T), C. Martin (UC Santa Barbara): "Study of galaxy disc structures and their GEM-NQ 0.72 relationship with gas accumulation at z = 0.15-0.3 galaxies" J. Holtzman (State of New Mexico U.) US Lead Scientist for N. Ouellette (T) , S. Courteau GEM-NQ 1.605 (Queen's University) T. Puzia (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile), M. Cappellari GEM-SQ 0.395 (Oxford University), P. Cote (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), J. Dalcanton (Washington Tu), A. Dutton (Max Planck Institut fur Astrophysik), E. Emsellem (ESO), L. Ferrarese (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics), M. McDonald (MIT), J. Roediger (Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics): "The dynamical properties and velocity function of Virgo Cluster galaxies" R. Jensen-Clem (G) , D. Mawet (California Institute of Technology-Department of Physics, Mathematics, GEM-SQ 0.95 Astronomy), M. Millar-Blanchaer (T) (University of Toronto), J. Graham (UC Berkeley), H. Knutson ( California Institute of Technology-Department of Physics, Mathematics, Astronomy), S. Wiktorowicz (UC Santa Cruz), M. Perrin (STScI): "The first detection of polarized radiation from exoplanets" S. Kannappan, K. Eckert (T ) (OR. of North Carolina), D. Norman (NOAO), M. Norris (Max GEM-S 6 Planck Institute for Astronomie), E. Hoversten, D. Stark (G), A. Moffett (G), A. Baker ( U) (U. of North Carolina), A. Berlind (Vanderbilt U.), S. Crawford (SAAO), I. Damjanov (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), I. dell'Antonio (Brown U.), R. Gonzalez (U. of Chicago), K. Hall (U.) (U. of North Carolina), S. Khochfar (Max Planck Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), A. Leroy (NRAO), Y. Lu (Stanford U. .), C. Maraston (University of Portsmouth), S. McGaugh (Case Western Reserve U.), L. Naluminsa (G) (SAAO), J. Salzer (Indiana U.), J. Sellwood (Rutgers U.) , P. Vaisanen (SAAO), L. Watson (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "Resolved Spectroscopy of a Local Volume: The RESOLVE Survey at Stripe 82" K. Krafton (T), G. Clayton (Louisiana State U. ), J. Andrews (U of Arizona), A. Bevan, M. GEM-NQ 0.99 Barlow (University College London), B. Sugerman (Goucher College), M. Meixner (STScI), GEM-SQ 0, 55 M. Matsuura (University College London), D. Welch (U. McMaster), R. Wesson (ESO), M. Otsuka (Subaru Telescope): "Late Dust Formation in Core Collapse Supernovae" A. Kraus (U. of Texas, Austin) US Principal Scientist for M Ireland (Australian National U.), D. GEM-SQ 0.8 Lafreniere (University of Montreal), L. Cieza (Diego Portales University), A. Sivaramakrishnan, M. Perrin (STScI), A. Greenbaum (Johns Hopkins U. ), P. Tuthill (U. of Sydney), J. Lloyd (U. of Cornell), S. Lacour (Paris Observatory), J. Patience (U. of Arizona State), A. Cheetham (U. of Sydney), A. Rizzuto (U. de Texas , Austin), J. Carpenter (California Institute of Technology-Dept. of Astronomy), L. Pueyo (STScI), D. Principe (Diego Portales University): "The Planetary Systems of Young Massive Stars" T. Liu (T) , S. Gezari (U. of Maryland): "Spectroscopic Tracking of Selected Variability GEM-NQ 0.53 Binary Supermassive Black Hole Candidates" 171

175NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B Approved Programs for US Time (93) and US Telescope(s) Nights Thesis (45) T. Liu (T), S. Gezari (U. of Maryland) : "Spectroscopic Tracking of Variability Selected Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidates from GEM-SQ 0.48" R. Lunnan (T) (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), R. Chornock (Ohio U.), E. GEM-NQ 0.2 Berger (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics): "The Beast's Lair: Observing the Superluminous High Redshift Supernova Host Galaxies of Pan-STARRS1" B. Montet (T) (California Institute of Technology--Exolab) , B. Bowler (Institute of GEM-NQ 1.19 Technology--Div of Geo and Planetary Science), L. Hillenbrand (California Institute of Technology-Dept. of Astronomy), A. Kraus (U. of Texas, Austin): " Fundamental parameters of the pre-main sequence M Dwarfs" B. Montet (T) (California Institute of Technology-Department of Astronomy), B. Bowler (California Institute of Technology GEM-NQ 1.41--Division of Geo and Planetary Sciences), L. Hillenbrand (Institute of Technology Department of Astronomy), A. Kraus (U. of Texas, Austin), M. Liu (U. of Hawaii), E. Shkolnik (Lowell Observatory): "Fundamental Parameters of Pre-Main Sequence M Dwarfs" D. Nielsen (T ), E. Wilcots (U. of Wisconsin, Madison): "Probing the intragroup medium with GEM-NQ 0.4 bended double lobuled sources" J. Patience (Arizona State U.), C. Marois (National Research Council of Canada), T. Barman GEM-SQ 0.6 (U. of Arizona), A. Burrows (U. of Princeton), R. De Rosa, J. Graham (UC Berkeley), P. Ingraham (U. of Stanford), P. Kalas (UC Berkeley), B. Macintosh ( Stanford U.), M. Marley (NASA Ames Research Center), A. Rajan (T) (Arizona State U.), P. Rojo (Universidad de Chile), D. Saumon (LANL), K. Ward-Duong ( T) (Arizona State U.): "Monitoring of the atmospheres of the planets HR 8799" S. Perlmutter, G. Aldering, T. Spadafora (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), C. GEM-NQ 0.85 Lidman (Anglo- Australian), I. Hook (Oxford University), D. Rubin (Florida State U.), K. Barbary (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Nordin (Humbolt University GEM-SQ 2.55), B Hayden, C. Sofiatti (T), P. Fagrelius (T), C. Saunders (T), K. Boone (T) (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory): "See Change: Proof of time-varying dark energy with z > 1 supernovae and their host massive clusters" V. Rapson (T), J. Kastner (Rochester Institute of Technology), M. Millar-Blanchaer GEM-SQ 0.6 (University of Toronto): "Polarimetric images of protoplanetary disks TW Hya and V4046 Sgr " A. Rudy (T), C. Max (UC Santa Cruz): "Giant Flares and Non-Thermal Activity in the Crab GEM-NQ 0.35 Nebula" A. Seth, C. Ahn (T) (University of Utah), S. Mieske (ESO), R. McDermid (Macquarie U.), W. GEM-NQ 1.27 Boschi (Max Planck Institute for Astronomie), H. Baumgardt (University of Queensland), J. Strader (Michigan State U.), M. den Brok (University of Utah), L. Spitler (Macquarie U.), N. Neumayer (Max Planck Institute for Astronomie), A. Romanowsky (San Jose State U.), I. Chilingarian (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), M. Hilker (ESO): "A Survey of Massive Black Holes in Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxies" 172

176G. FY 2015 OBSERVING PROGRAMS AND RESEARCHERS Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B T) (ESO), N. Neumayer GEM-SQ 3.76 (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy), M. Kissler-Patig (Gemini South Observatory), R Schoedel (CSIC), M. Hilker, H. Kuntschner (ESO), N. Luetzgendorf (European Space Agency (ESTEC)), T. de Zeeuw (ESO), J. Walcher (Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics), A. Mastrobuono - Battisti, H. Perets (Technion-Israel Institute of Technology): "The Nuclear Star Cluster of the Milky Way as a Reference Point for the Structure and Accumulation of Galactic Nuclei" P. Szkody (U. of Washington), A. Pala (T ), B. Gaensicke, O. Toloza (G), C.S. Manser (G) GEM-NQ 1.35 (University of Warwick), M. Schreiber, M. Zorotovic (University of Valparaíso), T. Marsh (University of Warwick), L Bildsten (UC Santa Barbara), D. Townsley (University of Alabama), D. de Martino (Capodimonte Astronomical Observatory), C. Knigge (University of Southampton), K. Long (STScI), I. Hubeny (U.S. of Arizona), A. Henden (AAVSO), P. Gordon, E. Sion (Villanova U.): "Do white dwarfs in cataclysmic variables grow in mass?" M. Wilson (T) (U. of Arizona), H. Chen (U. of Chicago), A. Zabludoff (U. of Arizona), F. GEM-N 2 Zahedy (G) (U. of Chicago): "Spatial resolution of the circumgalactic medium at Z=0.2-0.9" A. von der Linden, S. Allen (Stanford U.), A. Mantz (U. of Chicago), A. Wright (T) (Stanford GEM-N 2 ).U.), D. Applegate (University of Bonn), P. Kelly (UC Berkeley), G. Morrison (Stanford U.), D. Rapetti (Dark Cosmology Center): "Weighing the giant f_gas " Gemini Telescopes: 2015A and 2015B M. Drahus, W. Waniak (Jagiellonian University): "Disruption of the Active Asteroid P/2012 GEM-NQ 0.7 F5 (Gibbs)" D. Mast (Brazilian Center for Physical Research), G. Caminha (Universita di Ferrara), M. GEM-NQ 0.3 Makler (Brazilian Center for Physical Research), R. Diaz (Gemini South Observatory), K. Menendez-Delmestre, A. Charbonnier, T. Goncalves (Observatorio do Valongo), V. Motta (University of Valparaíso): "Arc Integral Field Spectroscopy - Revealing the hundreds pc of star-forming galaxies with redshift ~0.7 to 2.5" B . Miller (Gemini South Observatory), T. Puzia (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile), R. GEM-NQ 2 Sánchez-Janssen (Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics): "Spectroscopy of globular clusters of dEs in the local volume" Foreign theses (2 ). ) “Mass accretion rate of very low luminosity GEM-NQ 0.25 objects” R. Sung (T), S. Lai, T. Hsieh (G). (G) (FALSE): "Mass accumulation rate of very low luminosity GEM-SQ objects 0.09" Key: GEM-NQ = Gemini N Queue; GEM-SQ = Gemini S Tail; GEM-N Gemini N classic; GEM-S = Classic Gemini S; GEM-K = Gemini/Keck time swap; GEM-Su = Gemini/Subaru time swap; * = bad weather program; (T) = Thesis student; (G) = Graduate student; (U) = Bachelor's degree; (O) = Other

177NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 G.5 COMMUNITY ACCESS TO PRIVATE TELESCOPES An agreement between Georgia State University and NOAO allowed community access of 50 hours per year to the optical interferometer at the Center for High Resolution Angular Astronomy (CHARA). ) located on Mt. Wilson. In addition, an agreement between the Australian Astronomical Observatory (AAO) and NOAO/CTIO allows for a time swap between the two observatories of up to 10 nights per semester, providing the US community with access to the Australian Astronomical Telescope (AAT). Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy 2015 CHARA Telescope: US Programs Approved in 2015 (3) Telescope Nights E. Baines (Naval Research Laboratory), M. Dollinger, A. Hatzes, E. Guenther CHARA 2 (Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenberg), M. Hrudkovu (Isaac Newton Group): "CHARA Array Measurements of Five Stellar Oscillators" M. Kishimoto (Kyoto Sangyo University), R. Antonucci (UC Santa Barbara), S. Hoenig CHARA 2 (Southampton University), F. Millour (Cote d'Azur Observatory), K. Tristram (ESO), G. Weigelt (Max Planck Institut fur Radioastronomie): "Examining AGN thermal emission at the highest spatial resolution" I. Mendigutia, R. Oudmaijer (University of Leeds): "The formation region of the H(alpha) line of the stars CHARA 1 Herbig Ae/Be" Australian Astronomical Observatory 2015A and 2015B Anglo-Australian Telescope: 2015A and 2015B Approved US Programs (5) and US Telescope Nights Theses (2) A. Baker, E Gawiser (Rutgers U.), S. Kannappan (U. Carolina), K. Sheth AAT 4 (NRAO), A. López-Sanchez (Australian National Telescope Facility), S. Blyth (University of Cape Town), B. Holwerda (Leiden University), M Jarvis (Oxford University), N. Maddox (University of Cape Town), R. Somerville (Rutgers U.), M. Vaccari (UWC), A. Wasserman (U), J. Wu (G) (Rutgers U.): "Redshifts in the LADUMA field at z ~ 0.6" J. Cummings (Johns Hopkins U.), J. Kalirai, P. Tremblay (STScI), D. Geisler, F. Mauro AAT 2 (University de Concepción), C. Deliyannis (Indiana U.): "Survey of High-Mass White Dwarfs In Near Open Clusters" C. Deliyannis (Indiana U.), B. Anthony-Twarog, B. Twarog (tu de Kansas), J. AAT 2 Cummings (Johns Hopkins U.), J. King (Clemson U.), A. Steinhauer (State University of New York Geneseo): "Li and Na in NGC 6752: Constraints for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Mixing in the Red Giant Branch and Multiple Populations of Globular Clusters" 174

178G. OBSERVING AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS FOR THE AF 2015 M. Geha (Yale U.), R. Wechsler (Stanford U.), R. Munoz (University of Chile), E. AAT 3 Tollerud (Yale U.), B.S . Weiner (U. De Arizona): "The Saga Project: Searching for Dwarf Galaxy Satellites Around Milky Way Analogs" E. Young, L. Young, M. Buie, C. olkin (Southwest Research Institute): "A Bright Aat Occultation by Pluto immediately preceding New Horizons overflight" EE thesis programs. UU. (2) J. Rodriguez (T), M. Lund (G) (Vanderbilt U.), J. Pepper (Lehigh U.), K. Stassun AAT 2 (Vanderbilt U. .), K. Colon (Lehigh U.). ), R. Siverd (O) (Las Summits Observatory), D. James (CTIO), R. Kuhn (SAAO), J. Labadie-Bartz (G) (Lehigh U. ): "Measuring the Masses of Exoplanets in brightest transit from KELT-South with high-accuracy radial velocities of AAT" J. Rodriguez (T), M. Lund (G) (Vanderbilt U.), J. Pepper (Lehigh U. ), K. Stassun AAT 2 (U. of Vanderbilt), K. Columbus (U. of Lehigh), R. Siverd (O) (U. of Vanderbilt), D. James (CTIO), R. Kuhn (G) (SAAO) , J. Labadie -Bartz (G) (Lehigh U.): "Confirmation of the brightest transiting exoplanets of KELT-South with high precision radial velocities of AAT" Anglo-Australian telescope: Foreign programs approved 2015A and 2015B (1) Telescope nights A. Kunder (Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics), A. Walker (CTIO), C. Johnson (Harvard-AAT 4 Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), R. Rich (UCLA), J. Storm (Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics), G. Bono (Astronomical Observatory in Rome), M. Cordero (Centre for Astronomy of the University of Heidelberg): "Bulge RR Lyrae Radial Velocity Assay" 175

179NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 H EXPANDING PARTICIPATION NOAO is committed to fostering, fostering, and enhancing geographic, gender, ethnic, and racial diversity among its employees and programs to advance astronomical research. NOAO is proud to assist in the preparation of various science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) activities engaged globally. The focus is to broaden the participation of underrepresented groups, institutions that do not have access to activities in astronomy (especially smaller institutions and institutions with high percentages of underrepresented groups), and geographic areas that have not had the opportunity to participate in the field of astronomy. . . NOAO's activities in this area are spearheaded by NOAO's Diversity Champion (DA). Participate in a wide range of activities chosen to promote diversity objectives and broader participation, as well as to improve the work environment. The DA participated in a number of activities this year to broaden the participation of underrepresented minorities in the astronomical enterprise, that is, in scientific, technological and engineering development for astronomy. Specific outreach activities are listed below. AURA/NOAO Diversity Advocacy Activities Served as a panelist at the State of the Universe Congress briefing on the importance of diversity in astronomy (January 2015) Served on the search committee for the Associate Director hire from NOAO (February 2015) Helped organize and attended ASTRO sessions at the National Society of Black Physicists (February 2015). Helped organize, attended, and gave a presentation at the 2015 Inclusive Astronomy conference (July 2015) Gave presentations on unconscious bias to search committees and staff at NSO (March), NOAO (March), and Gemini (August 2015 ). The diversity advocate was on sabbatical at Howard University from mid-January to mid-July. Diversity of Staff The total number of employees at NOAO North and South during fiscal year 2015 was approximately 273. Of these, approximately 97 are employees in Chile who are locally hired (89 men and 8 women) employed under a collective agreement that is renegotiates every two years. . Fiscal year 2015 demographics for NOAO's workforce, new hires, and promotions are illustrated below, with separate tables for US hires and expatriates and Chilean local hires. 176

180H. EXPANDING PARTICIPATION Workforce Demographics Table H-1: NOAO Fiscal Year 2015 US Hired Workforce Demographics* MEN WOMEN Native Hawaiian/or other Native Hawaiian/or other Black/African American Black/African American/Alaska Indian/Alaskan Native Two or more Races Two or more races Hispanic or Latino Hispanic or Latino Total Pacific Islander Pacific Islander WORK GROUP Total Women Employees Total Men American American White Asian Asian Managers and executives 13 8 8 5 1 4 First-level managers 12 11 11 1 1 Professional, science 37 26 5 2 19 11 1 1 1 8 Technical Professional 26 23 3 20 3 3 Business Professional 4 1 1 3 3 Operatives 1 1 1 0 Administrative 24 5 1 4 19 4 15 Salespeople 1 0 1 1 Services 8 5 2 1 2 3 3 Crafts/Trades 15 15 2 1 5 7 0 Technicians 28 28 1 1 1 1 24 0 Workers/Assistants 7 0 7 1 6 0 TOTAL 176 123 6 5 3 13 0 1 95 53 4 2 1 1 0 1 44 *Includes expatriate and US-hired personnel (excludes temporary personnel). Chilean employees are included in Table H-2. Table H-2: NOAO South Fiscal Year 2015 Chilean Workforce Demographics* MEN WOMEN Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander American Indian/Alaskan Native American Indian /Alaska Native Black/African American Black/African American Total WORK GROUP Employees Two or more races Two or more races Hispanic or Latino Hispanic or Latino Total Women Total Men White White Asian Asian Managers and Executives 0 0 0 First-Level Managers 8 7 7 1 1 Professional, science 1 1 1 0 Professional, technical 34 31 30 1 3 3 0 Professional, Business 0 0 0 0 0 Operatives 2 2 2 0 Administrative 11 7 7 4 4 Sellers 0 0 0 Services 7 7 7 0 Crafts / Trades 13 13 13 0 Technicians 21 21 21 0 0 Workers/ Helpers 0 0 0 0 TOTAL 97 89 0 0 0 88 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 * Includes permanent and temporary personnel from Chile. US contract and expatriate personnel are included in Table H-1. 177

181NOAO FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2015 New Hire Demographics Table H-3: NOAO FY15 US New Hires* MEN WOMEN American Indian/Alaskan American Indian/Alaska Native Hawaiian/or Other Native Hawaiian/or Other Black/African American Black/African American Two or more races Two or more races Hispanic or Latino Hispanic or Latino Pacific Islander Pacific Islander Total Women Total Men Native Native White White Total Asian Asian WORK GROUP Employees Managers and Executives 0 0 0 First-level managers 1 1 1 0 Professional, Science 1 0 1 1 Professional, Technical 2 1 1 1 1 Professional, Business 0 0 0 Operations 0 0 0 Administrative 1 1 1 0 Sales Workers 1 0 1 1 Service Workers 0 0 0 Crafts/Trades 0 0 0 Technicians 2 2 1 1 0 Workers/Assistants 0 0 0 TOTAL 8 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 % of total contracts 62.5% 0% 0 % 0% 0% 0% 13% 50% 37.5% 13% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 25% *Includes expatriate and US-hired staff (excludes temporary staff). Chilean employees are included in Table H-4. Table H-4: NOAO South Fiscal Year 2015 Chilean New Hires* MEN WOMEN American Indian/Alaskan American Indian/Alaskan Native Hawaiian/or Other Native Hawaiian/or Other Black/African American Black/African American Two or more races Two or more races Hispanic or Latino Hispanic or Latino Pacific Islander Pacific Islander Total Women Total Men Native Native White White Asian Asian WORK GROUP Total Employees Managers and Executives 0 0 0 First Level Managers 0 0 0 Professional, Science 0 0 0 Professional , Technician 0 0 0 Professional, Business 0 0 0 Operators 0 0 0 0 Administrative 1 1 1 0 Salespeople 0 0 0 Services 1 1 1 0 Trades/Trades 0 0 0 0 Technicians 4 4 4 0 Laborers/Assistants 0 0 0 0 TOTAL 6 6 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 % of total contracts 100.0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0.0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% *Temporary Employees Excluded 178

182H. EXPANDING PARTICIPATION Promotions Demographics Table H-5: NOAO FY15 Promotions for US Hires* Minority Female Total # of # of # of Minority Female WORKING GROUP # of Women Occupation Occupation Incumbents Minorities Promotions Promotions Promotions % % Managers and executives 13 5 38.5% 1 7.7% 0 0 First Level Managers 12 1 8.3% 0 0.0% 0 0 Professional, Sciences 37 11 29.7% 10 27.0% 2 0 1 Professional , Technician 26 3 11.5% 3 11.5% 0 0 Professional, Business 4 3 75.0% 0 0.0% 1 0 Operators 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0 Administrative 24 19 79, 2% 5 20.8% 5 3 Sellers 1 1 100.0% 4 400.0% 0 0 Services 8 3 37.5% 5 62.5% 0 0 Craftsmen/ Trades 15 0 0.0% 8 53.3 % 0 0 Technicians 28 0 0.0% 3 10.7% 2 0 Workers/assistants 7 7 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0 176 53 30.1% 39 22.2% 10 3 1 *Includes staff hired and expatriated in the US (excludes temporary staff). Chilean employees are included in Table H-6. Total # of Female Minority # of Female Minority WORK GROUP # of Women # of Incumbent Minorities Ownership % Ownership % Promotions Promotions Promotions Managers and Executives 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 First Level Managers 8 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 0 Professional, Sciences 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 Professional, Tech. 34 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 0 Professional, Business 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Operators 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Administrative 11 1 9.1% 1 9.1% 2 1 Vendors 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Service Workers 7 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 Craft/Trade Skill 13 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 5 0 Technicians 21 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 0 Laborers/Assistants 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 97 1 9% 1 1% 13 1 0 Table H-6: Promotions for NOAO Fiscal Year 2015 Chilean Personnel South Includes permanent and temporary Chilean personnel. US contract and expatriate personnel are included in Table H-5. The categorization of NOAO personnel by minority group is the same for the North and the South; therefore, most, if not all, Chilean personnel are in a minority group. 179

183NOAO FY 2015 FY 2015 ANNUAL REPORT I FY 4 GRANTS RECEIVED The following table lists grants received by NOAO staff from non-NSF agencies during FY 4Q 2015. Principal Budget Investigator Period Agency Reporting awards title Quantity Yield Amy E. Reines Space Science Origin of Supermassives 65,459 8/1/15 David Silva Telescope Institute Black Holes 1/31/16 Verne V. Smith Jet Propulsion Precision Stellar 24,750 5/8 / 2015 Laboratory characterization for Kepler 1/7/2017 Extended Mission (K2) Exoplanet Host begins 180

184J. 4Q SAFETY REPORT J 4Q South SAFETY REPORT During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, one incident and one accident were reported at NOAO South operations: 1. A gas leak in the area of ​​the boiler of the technical building in Cerro Tololo resulted in a small grass fire, quickly controlled with a fire extinguisher. The incident was investigated by the NOAO-S safety engineer and separately by the gas supplier. The leak was determined to be the result of the improper installation of a pressure regulator during renovation of the gas distribution system by a subcontractor working for the gas supplier. He later realized that a similar problem could have been the cause of the gas leak at Pachn's clinic reported in the third quarter. The gas supplier has addressed both the physical problem and the procedural issues that caused it, and an independent inspector has reviewed the entire gas system. 2. A worker suffered a burned hand while handling a faulty electrical cable. The incident has been investigated and analyzed and appropriate measures have been taken, including additional staff training, to prevent a repeat. Asbestos remediation work began in September in the Blanco building. Work proceeds floor by floor, with the work area carefully sealed and access restricted to properly trained personnel wearing the appropriate PPE. Asbestos levels in the air are being monitored to ensure they stay within safe limits. The contractor coordinates closely with NOAO South's safety and environmental engineer on all safety aspects and with the TelOps group manager to minimize disruption to normal operations. The completion of the work is expected to take approximately three months. During the reporting period, the safety and environmental engineer carried out a series of other preventive and coordination activities, which are summarized below: Presentations to the observatory staff in Tololo and La Serena on the risks of asbestos exposure and the work being done to prevent it. Support for activities related to the implementation of the new polyclinic facility in Cerro Pachn Coordination of the periodic recharging of fire extinguishers and training activities for observatory staff in the use of fire extinguishers Monthly meetings with representatives of the paramedic contractor ESACHS Periodic inspections of work areas and purchase and review of personal safety equipment Participation in the Asbestos Safe Handling course, conducted by ACHS and the Polytechnic University of Catalonia 181

185NOAO FY 2015 FISCAL YEAR ANNUAL REPORT North During the fourth quarter, various security activities were conducted at the Kitt Peak and Tucson offices. They are as follows: Kitt Peak The Kitt Peak Annual Elevator Inspection was completed. The public elevator needs to have the wiring replaced by December 1, 2015 and we are getting quotes. Review of DESI CD-2 for the Department of Energy is complete and we are preparing for CD-3. The tube weights on the 4 m telescope, during the maintenance stop, were removed, inspected and cleaned, and then reattached to the telescope with no safety concerns. The 4 m telescope switchgear was replaced during the annual outage. Three workers' compensation injuries occurred: 1. During the shutdown, an employee was working on the dome rails, trying to loosen a bearing with a hammer, when a piece of metal flew out and struck him in the arm. The next morning, the wound began to swell and the puncture wound was found to have a piece of metal stuck inside. It was withdrawn and two points were applied. No further problems were reported. 2. An employee sustained back or vertebrae injuries while she was moving the WIYN telescope and is on light duty. Normal work activities were being carried out when the accident occurred. 3. A student employee tripped over a rock while she was loading a van at night and sprained her knee. Three incidents occurred: 1. An employee's hands were trapped when a jack collapsed under Levine's mirror 16. Only bruising occurred. Discussions with everyone involved about written procedures and job hazards were held before the actual work was done to prevent this from happening again. 2. A cook caught her fingernail and fingertip while he was cutting green onions and took a piece off her finger. No stitches were required; first aid was rendered. 3. An employee caught her foot on the edge of the carpet in the Visitor Center and fell, hitting her head on the door frame. A review of the incident with the employee and witnesses was completed. The employee is fine. Progress continues with lake cleanup for fire protection. Safety meeting with possible candidates for the WIYN telescope was held through NASA. The general cleanup of the mountain is taking place without any safety concerns. Progress is being made on safety elements for the Annex SE platform (handrails, skirting boards). Tucson Battery and bulb removal completed by Safety Kleen. Relocated the security room at Central Facilities Operations at NOAO-Tucson so the Employees Association could expand its exercise room. The cleaning staff cut their hand. After discussions with the third party contractor, it was decided to remove this person from the premises due to the high probability of theft when the incident occurred. A 911 call was made from the CFO location to report that someone was lying on the sidewalk near our property. Tucson officials responded. This was an external incident, not a NOAO employee. Monthly contact with Marty White, Security Manager of the LBL DESI project. A Southwest Gas contractor plugged and removed some pipes from an abandoned gas line in the CFO parking lot. The Security Manager completed a resource conservation and recovery law refresher course. 182

charge more